Difference between revisions of "Crocanthemum corymbosum"

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Common name: pine barren frostweed
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Common names: Pine barren frostweed; pinebarren sunrose
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==Taxonomic notes==
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Synonym: ''Helianthemum corymbosum'' Michaux.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref>
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Varieties: none.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref>
  
Synonym: ''Helianthemum corymbosum''
 
==Taxonomic notes==
 
 
==Description==  
 
==Description==  
 
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. -->
 
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. -->
''C. corymbosum'' is a perennial species with alternate, simple leaves<ref name="southeastern''>[[http://www.southeasternflora.com/view_flora.asp?plantid=2091 Southeastern Flora]]Accessed: December 11, 2015</ref>. It has tomentose stems<ref name="alabama">[[http://alabamaplants.com/Yellowalt/Helianthemum_corymbosum_page.html]]Accessed: December 14, 2015</ref>.
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''C. corymbosum'' is a perennial species with alternate, simple leaves.<ref name="southeastern''>[[http://www.southeasternflora.com/view_flora.asp?plantid=2091 Southeastern Flora]]Accessed: December 11, 2015</ref> It has tomentose stems.<ref name="alabama">[[http://alabamaplants.com/Yellowalt/Helianthemum_corymbosum_page.html]]Accessed: December 14, 2015</ref>
  
Generally, for the ''Crocanthemum'' genus, they are erect, heraceous or suffrutescent perennials with alternate, stellate-pubescent leaves. There are two types of flowers, chasmogamous and cleistogamous. Chasmogamous flowers are on the pedicels that elongate to usually more than 1 cm long with large showy, tallow petals; there are numerous stamens and large sepals. The cleistogamous flowers are on the pedicels are usually less than 3 mm long, where the petals are absent, the stamens are few and the sepals are smaller than those of the chasmogamous flowers. The sepals are in 2 whorls, the outer are narrower than the inner. The capsule is 3-locular (Radford 1964).
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Generally, for the ''Crocanthemum'' genus, they are erect, heraceous or suffrutescent perennials with alternate, stellate-pubescent leaves. There are two types of flowers, chasmogamous and cleistogamous. Chasmogamous flowers are on the pedicels that elongate to usually more than 1 cm long with large showy, tallow petals; there are numerous stamens and large sepals. The cleistogamous flowers are on the pedicels are usually less than 3 mm long, where the petals are absent, the stamens are few and the sepals are smaller than those of the chasmogamous flowers. The sepals are in 2 whorls, the outer are narrower than the inner. The capsule is 3-locular. <ref name="Radford">Radford, Albert E., Harry E. Ahles, and C. Ritchie Bell. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. 1964, 1968. The University of North Carolina Press. 718-9.</ref>
  
Specifically, for ''Crocanthemum corymbosum'' species, the roots have tuberous thickenings, the stems grow 1.3-5 tall, stellate canescent. The basal leaves are absent; the stem leaves 10-20, elliptic to oblanceolate, growing 1.5-3 cm long, and 5-10 mm wide, stellate-canescent above, tomentose beneath. The petioles 1-3 mm long. The cleistogamous flowers in compact terminal cymes; pedicels usually less than 5 mm long; the sepals and capsules 3-4 mm long. The chasmogamous flowers on pedicels 1-2 cm, scattered in the compact, the cleistogamous infloresence, or arising from its base; petals ca. 1 cm long; sepals and ovoid capsule, 5-7 mm long, pilose. The seeds are reddish brown in color, 1-1.2 mm long (Radford 1964).
+
Specifically, for ''Crocanthemum corymbosum'' species, the roots have tuberous thickenings, the stems grow 1.3-5 tall, stellate canescent. The basal leaves are absent; the stem leaves 10-20, elliptic to oblanceolate, growing 1.5-3 cm long, and 5-10 mm wide, stellate-canescent above, tomentose beneath. The petioles 1-3 mm long. The cleistogamous flowers in compact terminal cymes; pedicels usually less than 5 mm long; the sepals and capsules 3-4 mm long. The chasmogamous flowers on pedicels 1-2 cm, scattered in the compact, the cleistogamous infloresence, or arising from its base; petals ca. 1 cm long; sepals and ovoid capsule, 5-7 mm long, pilose. The seeds are reddish brown in color, 1-1.2 mm long.<ref name="Radford"/>
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==Distribution==
  
 
==Ecology==
 
==Ecology==
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.-->
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===Habitat===<!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.-->
It can been found in upland, well-drained sandy habitats, such as scrubby flatwoods (Pearson 1954)<ref name="hawthorn">[[http://hawthornhillwildflowers.blogspot.com/2010/05/florida-scrub-frostweed-helianthemum.html]]Accessed: December 15, 2015</ref>. It has been observed growing in drying sand (FSU Herbarium). Associated species include ''Quercus virginiana, Q. myrtifolia, Q. pumila, Q. chapmanii, Serenoa repens, Osmanthus americanus, Vaccinium myrsinites, Aristida strica'', and ''Trilisa odoratissima" (Pearson 1954).
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It can been found in upland, well-drained sandy habitats, such as scrubby flatwoods (Pearson 1954).<ref name="hawthorn">[[http://hawthornhillwildflowers.blogspot.com/2010/05/florida-scrub-frostweed-helianthemum.html]]Accessed: December 15, 2015</ref> It has been observed growing in drying sand (FSU Herbarium).  
  
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers.  Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ -->
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Associated species include ''[[Quercus virginiana]], [[Quercus myrtifolia]], Quercus pumila, [[Quercus chapmanii]], [[Serenoa repens]], Osmanthus americanus, [[Vaccinium myrsinites]], [[Aristida stricta]]'', and ''[[Trilisa odoratissima]]" (Pearson 1954).
The canary yellow flowers bloom March through June <ref name="hawthorne">[[http://hawthornhillwildflowers.blogspot.com/2010/05/florida-scrub-frostweed-helianthemum.html]]</ref>.
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 +
===Phenology===<!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers.  Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ -->  
 +
The canary yellow flowers bloom March through June.<ref name="hawthorne">[[http://hawthornhillwildflowers.blogspot.com/2010/05/florida-scrub-frostweed-helianthemum.html Hawthorn Hill Flowers Blogspot]]</ref>
 
<!--===Seed dispersal===-->
 
<!--===Seed dispersal===-->
 
<!--===Seed bank and germination===-->
 
<!--===Seed bank and germination===-->
 
<!--===Fire ecology===--> <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses-->
 
<!--===Fire ecology===--> <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses-->
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===Pollination===
 
===Pollination===
The following Hymenoptera families and species were observed visiting flowers of ''Crocanthemum corymbosum'' at Archbold Biological Station (Deyrup 2015):
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''Crocanthemum corymbosum'' is visited by sweat bees such as ''Lasioglossum nymphalis'' (family Halictidae).<ref name= "Deyrup">Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.</ref>
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<!--===Herbivory and toxicology===-->
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<!--===Diseases and parasites===-->
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==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration==
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==Cultural use==
  
Halictidae:  ''Lasioglossum nymphalis''
 
<!--===Use by animals===--> <!--Herbivory, granivory, insect hosting, etc.-->
 
<!--===Diseases and parasites===-->
 
<!--==Conservation and Management==-->
 
<!--==Cultivation and restoration==-->
 
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery widths=180px>
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</gallery>
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==References and notes==
 
==References and notes==
Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.
 
 
 
Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: October 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson. States and Counties: Florida: Franklin. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.
 
Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: October 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson. States and Counties: Florida: Franklin. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.
  
 
Pearson, Paul G.. “Mammals of Gulf Hammock, Levy County, Florida”. American Midland Naturalist 51.2 (1954): 468–480.
 
Pearson, Paul G.. “Mammals of Gulf Hammock, Levy County, Florida”. American Midland Naturalist 51.2 (1954): 468–480.
 
Radford, Albert E., Harry E. Ahles, and C. Ritchie Bell. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. 1964, 1968. The University of North Carolina Press. 718-9. Print.
 

Latest revision as of 09:22, 22 June 2022

Crocanthemum corymbosum
Croc cory.jpg
Photo by Jeff Norcini, Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons
Order: Violales
Family: Cistaceae
Genus: Crocanthemum
Species: C. corymbosum
Binomial name
Crocanthemum corymbosum
Michx.
Heli cory dist.jpg
Natural range of Crocanthemum corymbosum from USDA NRCS Plants Database.

Common names: Pine barren frostweed; pinebarren sunrose

Taxonomic notes

Synonym: Helianthemum corymbosum Michaux.[1]

Varieties: none.[1]

Description

C. corymbosum is a perennial species with alternate, simple leaves.[2] It has tomentose stems.[3]

Generally, for the Crocanthemum genus, they are erect, heraceous or suffrutescent perennials with alternate, stellate-pubescent leaves. There are two types of flowers, chasmogamous and cleistogamous. Chasmogamous flowers are on the pedicels that elongate to usually more than 1 cm long with large showy, tallow petals; there are numerous stamens and large sepals. The cleistogamous flowers are on the pedicels are usually less than 3 mm long, where the petals are absent, the stamens are few and the sepals are smaller than those of the chasmogamous flowers. The sepals are in 2 whorls, the outer are narrower than the inner. The capsule is 3-locular. [4]

Specifically, for Crocanthemum corymbosum species, the roots have tuberous thickenings, the stems grow 1.3-5 tall, stellate canescent. The basal leaves are absent; the stem leaves 10-20, elliptic to oblanceolate, growing 1.5-3 cm long, and 5-10 mm wide, stellate-canescent above, tomentose beneath. The petioles 1-3 mm long. The cleistogamous flowers in compact terminal cymes; pedicels usually less than 5 mm long; the sepals and capsules 3-4 mm long. The chasmogamous flowers on pedicels 1-2 cm, scattered in the compact, the cleistogamous infloresence, or arising from its base; petals ca. 1 cm long; sepals and ovoid capsule, 5-7 mm long, pilose. The seeds are reddish brown in color, 1-1.2 mm long.[4]

Distribution

Ecology

Habitat

It can been found in upland, well-drained sandy habitats, such as scrubby flatwoods (Pearson 1954).[5] It has been observed growing in drying sand (FSU Herbarium).

Associated species include Quercus virginiana, Quercus myrtifolia, Quercus pumila, Quercus chapmanii, Serenoa repens, Osmanthus americanus, Vaccinium myrsinites, Aristida stricta, and Trilisa odoratissima" (Pearson 1954).

Phenology

The canary yellow flowers bloom March through June.[6]

Pollination

Crocanthemum corymbosum is visited by sweat bees such as Lasioglossum nymphalis (family Halictidae).[7]

Conservation, cultivation, and restoration

Cultural use

Photo Gallery

References and notes

Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: October 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson. States and Counties: Florida: Franklin. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.

Pearson, Paul G.. “Mammals of Gulf Hammock, Levy County, Florida”. American Midland Naturalist 51.2 (1954): 468–480.

  1. 1.0 1.1 Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
  2. [Southeastern Flora]Accessed: December 11, 2015
  3. [[1]]Accessed: December 14, 2015
  4. 4.0 4.1 Radford, Albert E., Harry E. Ahles, and C. Ritchie Bell. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. 1964, 1968. The University of North Carolina Press. 718-9.
  5. [[2]]Accessed: December 15, 2015
  6. [Hawthorn Hill Flowers Blogspot]
  7. Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.