Difference between revisions of "Aronia arbutifolia"
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==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| − | Habitats of ''A. arbutifolia'' include boggy pine flatwoods, titi bogs, shrub bog, bays, margins of bays, cypress swamp pond, swampy woodlands, borders of titi swamp, wet prairie, low palmetto flatwoods, cabbage palm hammock, dry sandy soil of high pineland, mixed hardwoods, longleaf pine rolling terrain, swampy areas along rivers and creeks,<ref name="FSU">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Robert K. Godfrey, Robert Kral, S.W. Leonard, A. G. Shuey, Bruce Hansen, JoAnn Hansen, John B. Nelson, Gary R. Knight, Mark A Garland, Elmer C. Prichard, George R. Cooley, Joseph Monachino, R. Komarek, R.A. Norris, Rodie White, H.L. Stoddard, Roomie Wilson. States and Counties: Florida: Columbia, Dixie, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Hamilton, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Lafayette, Lake, Leon, Liberty, Madison, Marion, Okaloosa, Pasco, Santa Rosa, Taylor, Walton, Wakulla, Volusia. Georgia: Grady, Thomas. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.</ref> | + | Habitats of ''A. arbutifolia'' include boggy pine flatwoods, titi bogs, shrub bog, bays, margins of bays, cypress swamp pond, swampy woodlands, borders of titi swamp, wet prairie, low palmetto flatwoods, cabbage palm hammock, dry sandy soil of high pineland, mixed hardwoods, longleaf pine rolling terrain, swampy areas along rivers and creeks,seepage slopes, and other wet habitats.<ref name="FSU">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Robert K. Godfrey, Robert Kral, S.W. Leonard, A. G. Shuey, Bruce Hansen, JoAnn Hansen, John B. Nelson, Gary R. Knight, Mark A Garland, Elmer C. Prichard, George R. Cooley, Joseph Monachino, R. Komarek, R.A. Norris, Rodie White, H.L. Stoddard, Roomie Wilson. States and Counties: Florida: Columbia, Dixie, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Hamilton, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Lafayette, Lake, Leon, Liberty, Madison, Marion, Okaloosa, Pasco, Santa Rosa, Taylor, Walton, Wakulla, Volusia. Georgia: Grady, Thomas. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.</ref><ref name="Heaton 2016">Observation by Jake Heaton in Avon Park Air Force Range, southern Polk County, FL, April 17, 2016, posted to Florida Flora and Ecosystematics Facebook Group April 22, 2016.</ref><ref name= "Weakley">Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.</ref> |
Areas have been observed as wet and boggy with loamy sand, wet soil and dry sandy soil.<ref name="FSU"></ref> | Areas have been observed as wet and boggy with loamy sand, wet soil and dry sandy soil.<ref name="FSU"></ref> | ||
| − | Associated species | + | Associated species: wiregrass, pines, saw palmetto, ''Ilex myrtifolia, Ilex coriacea, Cliftonia monophylla, Cyrilla racemiflora, Persea palustris, Myrica cerifera, [[Lyonia lucida]], Smilax laurifolia, Aster spinulosus, Cuphea aspera, Sabal palmetto, [[Quercus virginiana]], [[Magnolia virginiana]], [[Solidago fistulosa]], [[Pinus palustris]], [[Aronia arbutifolia]], Aster spinulosus'', and ''Thelypteris palustris''.<ref name="FSU"/> |
===Phenology===<!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology===<!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
Revision as of 09:38, 20 March 2019
Common name: Red chokeberry
| Aronia arbutifolia | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photinia pyrifolia shown is a synonym of Aronia arbutifolia Photo by John R. Gwaltney, Southeastern Flora.com | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons |
| Order: | Rosales |
| Family: | Rosaceae |
| Genus: | Aronia |
| Species: | A. arbutifolia |
| Binomial name | |
| Aronia arbutifolia (L.) Pers. | |
| |
| Natural range of Aronia arbutifolia from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonyms: Pyrus arbutifolia (Linnaeus) Linnaeus f.; Photinia pyrifolia (Lamarck) K. Robertson & J.B. Phipps; Sorbus arbutifolia (Linnaeus) Heynhold var. arbutifolia
Varieties: none
Description
A. arbutifolia is a perennial shrub that is a member of the Rosaceae family.[1] It reaches heights between 6-12 feet, and is flat-topped with white five-petaled flowers in the spring with red anthers borne in profusion. Leaves are dark green and glossy, and turn an orange-red rich color in the fall. Fruit in the fall are berries that are bright red and pear-shaped.Bark is reddish-brown in color.[2]
Distribution
It is native to the southeast United States and up the east coast, ranging from Texas and Oklahoma to Maine. It is also native to the eastern portion of Canada.[1]
Ecology
Habitat
Habitats of A. arbutifolia include boggy pine flatwoods, titi bogs, shrub bog, bays, margins of bays, cypress swamp pond, swampy woodlands, borders of titi swamp, wet prairie, low palmetto flatwoods, cabbage palm hammock, dry sandy soil of high pineland, mixed hardwoods, longleaf pine rolling terrain, swampy areas along rivers and creeks,seepage slopes, and other wet habitats.[3][4][5]
Areas have been observed as wet and boggy with loamy sand, wet soil and dry sandy soil.[3]
Associated species: wiregrass, pines, saw palmetto, Ilex myrtifolia, Ilex coriacea, Cliftonia monophylla, Cyrilla racemiflora, Persea palustris, Myrica cerifera, Lyonia lucida, Smilax laurifolia, Aster spinulosus, Cuphea aspera, Sabal palmetto, Quercus virginiana, Magnolia virginiana, Solidago fistulosa, Pinus palustris, Aronia arbutifolia, Aster spinulosus, and Thelypteris palustris.[3]
Phenology
Observed blooming period February through April and fruiting March through December.[3]
Seed bank and germination
The species needs 90 days of cold-moist stratification to break seed dormancy.[2]
Fire ecology
A. arbutifolia has been documented in wet pinewoods of a one year unburned old growth longleaf pine stand.[3]
Use by animals
It consists of 5-10% of the diet of game birds and songbirds, but seems to be of little importance to wildlife. It also has been reported to be eaten by bears.[1][2]
Conservation and management
Cultivation and restoration
Photo Gallery
Flowers of Photinia pyrifolia shown, a synonym of Aronia arbutifolia Photo by John R. Gwaltney, Southeastern Flora.com
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 USDA, NRCS. (2016). The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 20 March 2019). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 [[1]] Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. Accessed: March 20, 2019
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Robert K. Godfrey, Robert Kral, S.W. Leonard, A. G. Shuey, Bruce Hansen, JoAnn Hansen, John B. Nelson, Gary R. Knight, Mark A Garland, Elmer C. Prichard, George R. Cooley, Joseph Monachino, R. Komarek, R.A. Norris, Rodie White, H.L. Stoddard, Roomie Wilson. States and Counties: Florida: Columbia, Dixie, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Hamilton, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Lafayette, Lake, Leon, Liberty, Madison, Marion, Okaloosa, Pasco, Santa Rosa, Taylor, Walton, Wakulla, Volusia. Georgia: Grady, Thomas. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.
- ↑ Observation by Jake Heaton in Avon Park Air Force Range, southern Polk County, FL, April 17, 2016, posted to Florida Flora and Ecosystematics Facebook Group April 22, 2016.
- ↑ Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.
