Difference between revisions of "Bigelowia nudata"
Adam.Vansant (talk | contribs) |
|||
| (25 intermediate revisions by 7 users not shown) | |||
| Line 25: | Line 25: | ||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | ||
| − | ''B. nudata'' | + | ''B. nudata'' is a native perennial forb with fibrous roots that is a member of the Asteraceae family. The leaves are alternately arranged and oblanceolate in shape with entire margins. The flowers are yellow and give way to achene fruits (a dry fruit with a single seed).<ref name= "USDA"> USDA Plants Database URL: https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=BINU </ref><ref name= "Lady bird">[[https://www.wildflower.org/plants/search.php?search_field=&newsearch=true]] Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. Accessed: March 27, 2019</ref> |
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | ''B. nudata'' is found in the Southeast United States, ranging from Texas to North Carolina <ref name= "USDA"/> | + | ''B. nudata'' is found in the Southeast United States, ranging from Texas to North Carolina<ref name= "USDA"/>; however, it is most frequent along the coast lines of lower Mississippi to North Carolina. When the species is split into the subspecies ''nudata'' and ''australis'', ''nudata'' is widespread from North Carolina to Louisiana while ''australis'' is restricted to peninsular Florida.<ref name= "Loran"/> |
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| − | '' | + | ''Bigelowia nudata'' is a wide-ranging species, mainly occurring in wet to mesic habitats,<ref name= "Weakley">Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.</ref><ref name= "Loran2"> Anderson, L. C. (1977). "Studies on Bigelowia (Asteraceae). III. Cytotaxonomy and Biogeography." Systematic Botany 2(3): 209-218. </ref> and can be found in moist sandy loams of savannahs, pine barrens, and margins of swamps as well as rich sandy soils in wet prairies and open pinelands.<ref name= "Loran"/> This species can also be found in disturbed sites such as front lawns and roadsides.<ref name= "Herbarium"> Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Cecil R. Slaughter, Loran C. Anderson, Ann F. Johnson, S. W. Leonard, John B. Nelson, Bruce Hansen, JoAnn Hansen, R. K. Godfrey, L. Baltzell, R. A. Norris, R. Komarek, Lisa Keppner, Wade Biltoft, Steve L. Orzell, Edwin L. Bridges, Richard Carter, Olga Lakela, R. Kral, James D. Ray, Jr., George R. Cooley, R. J. Eaton, Sidney McDaniel, D. B. Ward, E. S. Ford, Erdman West, Paul L. Redfeam, Jr., R. R. Smith, Robert L. Lazor, M. Darst, and T. Myint. States and counties: Florida: Putnam, Walton, Franklin, Jackson, Bay, Volusia, Okaloosa, Flagler, Escambia, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, Calhoun, Liberty, Washington, Martin, Lee, Collier, Orange, Okeechobee, Osceola, Pinellas, Sumter, Pasco, Hillsborough, Sarasota, Palm Beach, Leon, Alachua, Nassau, Jefferson, and Bay. Georgia: Thomas. South Carolina: Berkeley. </ref> |
| − | + | ''B. nudata'' was found to decrease its occurrence or be unaffected in response to soil disturbance by roller chopping in South Florida. It has shown either resistance to regrowth or no change in growth in reestablished native forests that were disturbed by roller chopping.<ref>Lewis, C.E. (1970). Responses to Chopping and Rock Phosphate on South Florida Ranges. Journal of Range Management 23(4):276-282.</ref> It does not respond to soil disturbance by clearcutting and chopping in North Florida flatwoods forests.<ref>Moore, W.H., B.F. Swindel, and W.S. Terry. (1982). Vegetative Response to Clearcutting and Chopping in a North Florida Flatwoods Forest. Journal of Range Management 35(2):214-218.</ref> However, ''B. nudata'' has been found to be a decreaser in its short-term response to single mechanical soil disturbances.<ref name=Dixon>Dixon, C. M., K. M. Robertson, A. M. Reid and M. T. Rother. 2024. Mechanical soil disturbance in a pine savanna has multiyear effects on plant species composition. Ecosphere 15(2):e4759.</ref> | |
| − | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting | + | ''Bigelowia nudata'' is an indicator species for the Peninsula Savannas community type and is frequent and abundant in the Upper Panhandle Savannas, Lower Panhandle Savannas, and Panhandle Seepage Savannas community types as described in Carr et al. (2010).<ref>Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.</ref> |
| + | |||
| + | Associated species include ''Linum macrocarpum'', ''Lophiola aurea'', ''Sarracenia alata'', ''Lachnocaulon digynum'', ''[[Magnolia virginiana]]'', ''Scleria baldwinii'', and ''[[Syngonanthus flavidulus]]''<ref name= "Reid"> Reid, C. S. and P. L. Faulkner (2010). "Louisiana." Castanea 75(1): 138-140. </ref><ref name= "Loran3"> Anderson, Loran C. (1989). "Noteworthy plants from north Florida. IV." SIDA 13(4): 497-504.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
It flowers twice a year, in the spring as well as the fall ranging from October to May.<ref name= "Loran"/> ''B. nudata'' has been observed to flower in January as well as June through November with peak inflorescence in July and September.<ref name= "Panflora">Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 27 MAR 2019</ref> | It flowers twice a year, in the spring as well as the fall ranging from October to May.<ref name= "Loran"/> ''B. nudata'' has been observed to flower in January as well as June through November with peak inflorescence in July and September.<ref name= "Panflora">Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 27 MAR 2019</ref> | ||
| + | |||
<!--===Seed dispersal===--> | <!--===Seed dispersal===--> | ||
| Line 44: | Line 49: | ||
===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ||
| − | ''B. nudata'' seems to respond positively to fire, due to seen increase in flowering after multiple burns over time have been conducted. <ref name= "Hinman"> Hinman, S. E. and J. S. Brewer (2007). "Responses of Two Frequently-Burned Wet Pine Savannas to an Extended Period without Fire." The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 134(4): 512-526. </ref> | + | ''B. nudata'' seems to respond positively to fire, due to seen increase in flowering after multiple burns over time have been conducted.<ref name= "Hinman"> Hinman, S. E. and J. S. Brewer (2007). "Responses of Two Frequently-Burned Wet Pine Savannas to an Extended Period without Fire." The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 134(4): 512-526. </ref> |
| + | |||
<!--===Pollination===--> | <!--===Pollination===--> | ||
| − | <!--=== | + | <!--===Herbivory and toxicology===--> |
| − | <!--==Diseases and parasites==--> | + | <!--===Diseases and parasites===--> |
| − | ==Conservation and | + | ==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration== |
| − | == | + | ==Cultural use== |
==Photo Gallery== | ==Photo Gallery== | ||
<gallery widths=180px> | <gallery widths=180px> | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
==References and notes== | ==References and notes== | ||
Latest revision as of 08:18, 1 August 2024
Common name: Pineland Rayless Goldenrod
| Bigelowia nudata | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo from the Southeastern Flora Plant Database | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida - Dicots |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Genus: | Bigelowia |
| Species: | B. nudata |
| Binomial name | |
| Bigelowia nudata (Michx.) | |
| |
| Natural range of Bigelowia nudata from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Contents
Taxonomic Notes
Synonyms: Chondrophora nudata (Michaux) Britton
Varieties: Bigelowia nudata (Michaux) A.P. de Candolle var. australis (L.C. Anderson) Shinners, Bigelowia nudata (Michaux) A.P. de Candolle var. nudata
Description
B. nudata is a native perennial forb with fibrous roots that is a member of the Asteraceae family. The leaves are alternately arranged and oblanceolate in shape with entire margins. The flowers are yellow and give way to achene fruits (a dry fruit with a single seed).[1][2]
Distribution
B. nudata is found in the Southeast United States, ranging from Texas to North Carolina[1]; however, it is most frequent along the coast lines of lower Mississippi to North Carolina. When the species is split into the subspecies nudata and australis, nudata is widespread from North Carolina to Louisiana while australis is restricted to peninsular Florida.[3]
Ecology
Habitat
Bigelowia nudata is a wide-ranging species, mainly occurring in wet to mesic habitats,[4][5] and can be found in moist sandy loams of savannahs, pine barrens, and margins of swamps as well as rich sandy soils in wet prairies and open pinelands.[3] This species can also be found in disturbed sites such as front lawns and roadsides.[6]
B. nudata was found to decrease its occurrence or be unaffected in response to soil disturbance by roller chopping in South Florida. It has shown either resistance to regrowth or no change in growth in reestablished native forests that were disturbed by roller chopping.[7] It does not respond to soil disturbance by clearcutting and chopping in North Florida flatwoods forests.[8] However, B. nudata has been found to be a decreaser in its short-term response to single mechanical soil disturbances.[9]
Bigelowia nudata is an indicator species for the Peninsula Savannas community type and is frequent and abundant in the Upper Panhandle Savannas, Lower Panhandle Savannas, and Panhandle Seepage Savannas community types as described in Carr et al. (2010).[10]
Associated species include Linum macrocarpum, Lophiola aurea, Sarracenia alata, Lachnocaulon digynum, Magnolia virginiana, Scleria baldwinii, and Syngonanthus flavidulus[11][12]
Phenology
It flowers twice a year, in the spring as well as the fall ranging from October to May.[3] B. nudata has been observed to flower in January as well as June through November with peak inflorescence in July and September.[13]
Seed bank and germination
Besides seed germination, B. nudata is known to propagate and germinate through rhizomes.[3]
Fire ecology
B. nudata seems to respond positively to fire, due to seen increase in flowering after multiple burns over time have been conducted.[14]
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
Cultural use
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 USDA Plants Database URL: https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=BINU
- ↑ [[1]] Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. Accessed: March 27, 2019
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Anderson, L. C. (1970). "Studies on Bigelowia (Asteraceae, Compositae). 1. Morphology and Taxonomy." Sida 3(7): 451-465.
- ↑ Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.
- ↑ Anderson, L. C. (1977). "Studies on Bigelowia (Asteraceae). III. Cytotaxonomy and Biogeography." Systematic Botany 2(3): 209-218.
- ↑ Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Cecil R. Slaughter, Loran C. Anderson, Ann F. Johnson, S. W. Leonard, John B. Nelson, Bruce Hansen, JoAnn Hansen, R. K. Godfrey, L. Baltzell, R. A. Norris, R. Komarek, Lisa Keppner, Wade Biltoft, Steve L. Orzell, Edwin L. Bridges, Richard Carter, Olga Lakela, R. Kral, James D. Ray, Jr., George R. Cooley, R. J. Eaton, Sidney McDaniel, D. B. Ward, E. S. Ford, Erdman West, Paul L. Redfeam, Jr., R. R. Smith, Robert L. Lazor, M. Darst, and T. Myint. States and counties: Florida: Putnam, Walton, Franklin, Jackson, Bay, Volusia, Okaloosa, Flagler, Escambia, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, Calhoun, Liberty, Washington, Martin, Lee, Collier, Orange, Okeechobee, Osceola, Pinellas, Sumter, Pasco, Hillsborough, Sarasota, Palm Beach, Leon, Alachua, Nassau, Jefferson, and Bay. Georgia: Thomas. South Carolina: Berkeley.
- ↑ Lewis, C.E. (1970). Responses to Chopping and Rock Phosphate on South Florida Ranges. Journal of Range Management 23(4):276-282.
- ↑ Moore, W.H., B.F. Swindel, and W.S. Terry. (1982). Vegetative Response to Clearcutting and Chopping in a North Florida Flatwoods Forest. Journal of Range Management 35(2):214-218.
- ↑ Dixon, C. M., K. M. Robertson, A. M. Reid and M. T. Rother. 2024. Mechanical soil disturbance in a pine savanna has multiyear effects on plant species composition. Ecosphere 15(2):e4759.
- ↑ Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.
- ↑ Reid, C. S. and P. L. Faulkner (2010). "Louisiana." Castanea 75(1): 138-140.
- ↑ Anderson, Loran C. (1989). "Noteworthy plants from north Florida. IV." SIDA 13(4): 497-504.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 27 MAR 2019
- ↑ Hinman, S. E. and J. S. Brewer (2007). "Responses of Two Frequently-Burned Wet Pine Savannas to an Extended Period without Fire." The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 134(4): 512-526.
