Quercus marilandica
| Quercus marilandica | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by John Gwaltney hosted at Southeastern Flora.com | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida - Dicots |
| Order: | Fagales |
| Family: | Fagaceae |
| Genus: | Quercus |
| Species: | Q. marilandica |
| Binomial name | |
| Quercus marilandica Munchh | |
| |
| Natural range of Quercus marilandica from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Contents
Taxonomic Notes
Synonym: Quercus neoshei (Bush)
Variety: Quercus marilandica Muenchhausen var. ashei Sudw.; Quercus marilandica Muenchhausen var. marilandica
Description
Q. marilandica is a perennial shrub/tree of the Fagaceae family that is native to North America.[1]
Distribution
Q. marilandica is found throughout the eastern United States; as far north as New York and as far west as Texas.[1]
Ecology
Habitat
Common habitats include upland forests and woodlands. It prefers droughty soils of clay, deep sands, or sandstones.[2]
Q. marilandica has been found in sandridges, sandpine woods, oak-pine woodlands, and pine flatwoods.[3] It is also found in disturbed areas including gravel dumps, old fields, and burned dry oak-hickory woodlands.[3] Associated species: Q. arkansana, Q. geminata, Q. laevis, Q. hemisphaerica, Q. myrtifolia, and Q. stellata.[3]
Q. marilandica has been known to have a high tolerance to drought but it is not tolerant of shade.[1] Q. marilandica has neither a significant positive or negative response to agricultural-based soil disturbance in South Carolina coastal plains communities.[4] When exposed to soil disturbance by military training in West Georgia, Q. marilandica responds negatively by way of absence.[5]
Phenology
Blooms typically occur during the mid spring and seeding in the fall.[1]
Fire ecology
Q. marilandica has a low tolerance for fire.[1]
Pollination and use by animals
Q. marilandica has been observed to host planthoppers such as Catonia sp. (family Achilidae), leafhoppers from the Cicadellidae family such as Alebra sp., Erasmoneura vulnerata, Eratoneura acantha, E. ardens and E. parva, and Cedusa sp. (family Derbidae) and members of the Flatidae family such as Metcalfa pruinosa and Flatormenis proxima, as well as treehoppers from the Membracidae family such as Cyrtolobus fuliginosus, Cyrtolobus ovatus, Cyrtolobus tuberosus, Entylia carinata, Ophiderma pubescens and Smilia camelus.[6]
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
Cultural use
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 USDA Plant Database
- ↑ Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Florida State University Herbarium Database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, D. E. Frazier, Robert K. Godfrey, H. Kurz, and W. D. Reese. States and counties: Florida: Jackson, Leon, Liberty, and Okaloosa.
- ↑ Brudvig, L.A., J.L. Orrock, E.I. Damschen, C.D. Collins, P.G. Hahn, W.B. Mattingly, J.W. Veldman, and J.L. Walker. (2014). Land-Use History and Contemporary Management Inform an Ecological Reference Model for Longleaf Pine Woodland Understory Plant Communities. PLoS ONE 9(1): e86604.
- ↑ Dale, V.H., S.C. Beyeler, and B. Jackson. (2002). Understory vegetation indicators of anthropogenic disturbance in longleaf pine forests at Fort Benning, Georgia, USA. Ecological Indicators 1(3):155-170.
- ↑ Discoverlife.org [1]
