Difference between revisions of "Conoclinium coelestinum"
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===Phenology===<!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology===<!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
| − | This species has been observed flowering from June through December<ref name="fsu"/>. | + | This species has been observed flowering from June through December<ref name="fsu"/>. Spreads by long, underground rhizomes<ref name="illinois"/>. |
| − | + | ===Seed dispersal=== | |
| + | Seeds are dispersed by wind<ref name="floridata"/>. | ||
<!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | <!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | ||
| − | |||
===Fire ecology===<!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ===Fire ecology===<!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ||
This species can grow in areas that are regularly burned<ref name="fsu"/>. | This species can grow in areas that are regularly burned<ref name="fsu"/>. | ||
<!--===Pollination=== --> | <!--===Pollination=== --> | ||
| − | + | ===Use by animals=== <!--Herbivory, granivory, insect hosting, etc.--> | |
| + | Caterpillars of the moths ''Haploa clymene, Phragmatobia lineata, Carmenta bassiformis'', and ''Schinia trifascia'' eat on the foliage<ref name="illinois">[[http://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/wetland/plants/mistflower.htm]]Illinois Wildflowers. Accessed: April 14, 2016</ref>. The bitter foliage defers mammalian herbivores. | ||
<!--===Diseases and parasites===--> | <!--===Diseases and parasites===--> | ||
Revision as of 10:41, 14 April 2016
| Conoclinium coelestinum | |
|---|---|
| |
| photo by Gil Nelson | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae ⁄ Compositae |
| Genus: | Conoclinium |
| Species: | C. coelestinum |
| Binomial name | |
| Conoclinium coelestinum (L.) DC. | |
| |
| Natural range of Conoclinium coelestinum from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common name: blue mistflower
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonyms: Eupatorium coelestinum Linnaeus
Description
A description of Conoclinium coelestinum is provided in The Flora of North America.
Distribution
Distributed from New Jersey, west to Wisconsin and Kansas, and south to Texas and Florida[1].
Ecology
Habitat
This species has been observed growing in dry woods, hammocks, along the edges of river banks, floodplains, and streams, slash pine-palmetto woodlands, and pine woodlands. It is also found in areas disturbed by humans such as roadsides, ditches, and clearings. Thriving in light from shade to full sun, this species grows in moist sands or drying loamy sands and has even been recorded to grow in water along edges of springs[2].
Associated species include oak, beech, cypress, slash pine, saw palmetto, sweetgum, Cyrilla, Pinus taeda, P echinata, Quercus nigra, Trichostema dichotomum, Helianthus angustifolius, Agaratina aromatica, Solidago odora, S. nemoralis, Pityopsis aspera var. adenolenepis, Sorghastrum nutans, Andropogon virginicus var. virginicus, Chamaecrista fasciculata, C. nictitans, Eupatorium hyssopifolium, Liatris graminifolia, Rubus cuneifolius, and others[2].
Phenology
This species has been observed flowering from June through December[2]. Spreads by long, underground rhizomes[3].
Seed dispersal
Seeds are dispersed by wind[1].
Fire ecology
This species can grow in areas that are regularly burned[2].
Use by animals
Caterpillars of the moths Haploa clymene, Phragmatobia lineata, Carmenta bassiformis, and Schinia trifascia eat on the foliage[3]. The bitter foliage defers mammalian herbivores.
Conservation and Management
Cultivation and restoration
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 [[1]]Floridata. Accessed: April 14, 2016
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: Ed Keppner, Lisa Keppner, Loran C. Anderson, K. Craddock Burks, Gary R. Knight, Sidney McDaniel, Robert K. Godfrey, Richard S. Mitchell, Kurt E. Blum, J. P. Gillespie, R. Kral, C. Jackson, R. E. Perdue, Jr., James D. Ray, Jr., Olga Lakela, Gwynn W. Ramsey, Dale Samler, Ronald A. Gursell, P. L. Redfearn, Jr., Brenda Herring, Joyce Leiper, A. F. Clewell, W. G. D'Arcy, Robert L. Lazor, V. Sullivan, Bruce Hansen, JoAnn Hansen, D. C. Hunt, R. Komarek, Angela M. Reid, and K. M. Robertson. States and Counties: Florida: Bay, Brevard, Broward, Columbia, Dade, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Hamilton, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Levy, Liberty, Martin, Okaloosa, Sumter, Suwannee, Wakulla, and Washington. Georgia: Grady and Thomas.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 [[2]]Illinois Wildflowers. Accessed: April 14, 2016
