Difference between revisions of "Aristida stricta"
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==Description== | ==Description== | ||
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | ||
| − | <!-- ''A. stricta'' "is a cespitose perennial bunch grass that arises from a clump that is up to about 15 cm across at the base"<ref> Clewell, A. F. (1989). "Natural History of Wiregrass (Aristida stricta Michx., Gramineae)." Natural Areas Journal 9: 223-233. </ref>--> The blades are narrow, flat, and involuted.<ref> Clewell, A. F. (1989). "Natural History of Wiregrass (Aristida stricta Michx., Gramineae)." Natural Areas Journal 9: 223-233. </ref> | + | <!-- ''A. stricta'' "is a cespitose perennial bunch grass that arises from a clump that is up to about 15 cm across at the base"<ref> Clewell, A. F. (1989). "Natural History of Wiregrass (Aristida stricta Michx., Gramineae)." Natural Areas Journal 9: 223-233. </ref>--> The blades are narrow, flat, involuted, and appear round like wire.<ref> Clewell, A. F. (1989). "Natural History of Wiregrass (Aristida stricta Michx., Gramineae)." Natural Areas Journal 9: 223-233. </ref> Leaves are rigid yet bendable and generally 0.5m long.<ref> Clewell, A. F. (1989). "Natural History of Wiregrass (Aristida stricta Michx., Gramineae)." Natural Areas Journal 9: 223-233. </ref> The blades are narrow, flat, and involuted.<ref> Clewell, A. F. (1989). "Natural History of Wiregrass (Aristida stricta Michx., Gramineae)." Natural Areas Journal 9: 223-233. </ref> |
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
Revision as of 15:22, 18 November 2016
| Aristida stricta | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by John R. Gwaltney, Southeastern Flora.com | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Tracheophyta - Vascular plants |
| Class: | Lilianae - Monoctyledons |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Poaceae |
| Genus: | Aristida |
| Species: | A. stricta |
| Binomial name | |
| Aristida stricta L. | |
| |
| Natural range of Aristida stricta from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common names: Threeawn, Wiregrass
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonyms: Aristida stricta (also see A. beyrichiana Trin. & Rupr.); A. stricta var. stricta Michx.
Description
The blades are narrow, flat, involuted, and appear round like wire.[1] Leaves are rigid yet bendable and generally 0.5m long.[2] The blades are narrow, flat, and involuted.[3]
Distribution
A. stricta is found in areas adjacent to the Coastal Plain, in the Piedmont areas in northeast North Carolina to northeast South Carolina. [4]
Ecology
Due to the loss of habitat A. stricta used to be the keystone species of the Coastal Plain in the Carolinas.[4] The foliage of A. stricta helps the lightning-set fires to spread and thereby maintain the habitats, pine savannas, sandhills, and pine flatwoods. [4] Although, those habitats are not common due to agriculture, pine farms, and development. [4] Fire suppression and ground (soil) disturbance has led to a rapid decline in A. stricta’s population throughout the Coastal Plain. [4] Weakley mentions Ward (2001) proposes there is varietal status for A. stricta and A. beyrichiana, see Weakley’s most recently updated guide. Wunderlin and Hansen (2011) mention that the Aristida stricta, in Florida, is var. beyrichiana. [5]
Habitat
Aristida stricta is considered a native groundcover in upland pinelands of South Georgia. [6] It is present in sand that is not fertile. [7]
Phenology
It flowers from September to November. [4] Flowers spring to fall. [5]
Seed dispersal
Aristida stricta disperses by gravity.[8]
Seed bank and germination
Requires high temperature for germination (30–35˚C). [9] Short-term seed persistence can occur in the soil. [10] The reproductive ability of A. stricta is poor. [11]
Conservation and management
Cultivation and restoration
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ Clewell, A. F. (1989). "Natural History of Wiregrass (Aristida stricta Michx., Gramineae)." Natural Areas Journal 9: 223-233.
- ↑ Clewell, A. F. (1989). "Natural History of Wiregrass (Aristida stricta Michx., Gramineae)." Natural Areas Journal 9: 223-233.
- ↑ Clewell, A. F. (1989). "Natural History of Wiregrass (Aristida stricta Michx., Gramineae)." Natural Areas Journal 9: 223-233.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Weakley, Alan S. Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States: Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU). PDF. 358; 360.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Wunderlin, Richard P. and Bruce F. Hansen. Guide to the Vascular Plants of Florida. Third edition. 2011. University Press of Florida: Gainesville/Tallahassee/Tampa/Boca Raton/Pensacola/Orlando/Miami/Jacksonville/Ft. Myers. 178. Print.
- ↑ Ostertag, T.E., and K.M. Robertson. 2007. A comparison of native versus old-field vegetation in upland pinelands managed with frequent fire, South Georgia, USA. Pages 109–120 in R.E. Masters and K.E.M. Galley (eds.). Proceedings of the 23rd Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference: Fire in Grassland and Shrubland Ecosystems.
- ↑ Clewell, A. F. (1989). "Natural History of Wiregrass (Aristida stricta Michx., Gramineae)." Natural Areas Journal 9: 223-233.
- ↑ Kay Kirkman, unpublished data, 2015.
- ↑ Andreu, M. G., C. W. Hedman, et al. 2009. "Can managers bank on seed banks when restoring Pinus taeda L. plantations in Southwest Georgia?" Restoration Ecology. Vol 17. pgs 586-596.
- ↑ Coffey, K. L. and L. K. Kirkman (2006). "Seed germination strategies of species with restoration potential in a fire-maintained pine savanna." Natural Areas Journal 26: 289-299.
- ↑ Clewell, A. F. (1989). "Natural History of Wiregrass (Aristida stricta Michx., Gramineae)." Natural Areas Journal 9: 223-233.
