Difference between revisions of "Asimina parviflora"

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==Taxonomic Notes==
 
==Taxonomic Notes==
Synonyms: none
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Synonyms: none.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref>
  
Varieties: none
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Varieties: none.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref>
  
 
==Description== <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. -->
 
==Description== <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. -->

Revision as of 09:40, 4 September 2020

Common names: Small-flowered Pawpaw; Small-fruited Pawpaw

Asimina parviflora
Asimina parviflora AFP.jpg
Photo by the Atlas of Florida Plants Database
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida - Dicots
Order: Magnoliales
Family: Annonaceae
Genus: Asimina
Species: A. parviflora
Binomial name
Asimina parviflora
(Michx.) Dunal
ASIM PARV DIST.JPG
Natural range of Asimina parviflora from USDA NRCS Plants Database.

Taxonomic Notes

Synonyms: none.[1]

Varieties: none.[1]

Description

A. parviflora is a perennial shrub tree of the Annonaceae family native to the southeastern United States. [2] Alternately arranged leaves that are simple, obovate or oblanceolate to oblong, entire, pointed at the tip, length up to 8 inches long, and some hairs on veins of lower surface. Bisexual flowers that are solitary, located in axils of the leaf scars, maroon, and have a slightly bad odor. Fruit are berries that are greenish yellow, and up to 3 inches long.[3]

Distribution

A. parviflora is found in the southeastern United States, particularly in Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Texas. [2]

Ecology

Habitat

A. parviflora is a deciduous shrub found in the Coastal Plain in the southeastern United States. [4]

This species has been found on sparse loamy sands, moist sands, floodplains, woodland slope, and bottomland hardwood forests. [5] A. parviflora has been observed in dry-mesic hardwood hammock on a bluff above the Kissimmee River in Highland County Fl. This specimen is on the edge of it's southeastern range. .[6]

A. parviflora responds negatively to soil disturbance by clearcutting and chopping in North Florida flatwoods forests.[7]

Phenology

The A. parviflora flowers are the smallest in the Asimina genus with 4-6 maroon flowers per branch. The flowers are in bloom from February to May depending on the year. [4] It has been observed flowering in June as well.[8]

Seed dispersal

The A. parviflora is pollinated by insects including the greenbottle fly and nitidulid beetles.[4] This species is thought to be dispersed by consumption by vertebrates. [9]

Seed bank and germination

The fruit from A. parviflora requires an average of 3-4 months to mature and the number of seeds germinated is low compared to the initial population developed. [4]

Use by animals

A variety of flies are the most common visitor to the A. parviflora but they have not been traced to pollination, which is largely a result from beetles and the greenbottle fly.[4] It comprises 2-5% of diet for small mammals and terrestrial birds.[10]

Conservation and Management

Cultivation and restoration

Photo Gallery

References and notes

  1. 1.0 1.1 Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
  2. 2.0 2.1 USDA Plant Database
  3. [[1]] Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. Accessed: March 25, 2019
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 [Norman, E. M., et al. (1992). "Reproductive Biology of Asimina parviflora (Annonaceae)." Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 119(1): 1-6.]
  5. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Robert K. Godfrey, William Platt, M. Darst, H. Light, P. Isom, L. Peed. States and counties: Florida (Wakulla, Jefferson, Franklin, Leon, Lafayette), Georgia (Thomas)
  6. Observation by Edwin Bridgesr in Highlands County, Fl. on the kissimmee River, February 8, 2016, posted to Florida Flora and Ecosystematics Facebook Group February 8, 2016.
  7. Moore, W.H., B.F. Swindel, and W.S. Terry. (1982). Vegetative Response to Clearcutting and Chopping in a North Florida Flatwoods Forest. Journal of Range Management 35(2):214-218.
  8. Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 25 MAR 2019
  9. Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.
  10. Miller, J.H., and K.V. Miller. 1999. Forest plants of the southeast and their wildlife uses. Southern Weed Science Society.