Difference between revisions of "Dichanthelium tenue"
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==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| − | ''D. tenue'' can be found in wet peaty or sandy soil in pineland savannas, flatwoods, bogs, and meadows. <ref name= "Weakley"> Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium. </ref> More specifically, habitats range from hardwood forests, pine flatwoods and savannahs, shaded loams, along railroads and several other disturbed sites, sandy depressions and hills, scrub thickets, grass sedge bogs, and other flatwoods. <ref name= "Herbarium"> Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Cecil Slaughter, R. Kral, R. K. Godfrey, H. Kurz, S. W. Leonard, A. E. Radford, Sidney McDaniel, C. R. Bell, H. L. Blomquist, R. F. Thorne, and R. A. Davidson. States and counties: Florida: Wakulla, Liberty, Franklin, Levy, Alachua, Escambia, Lee, Calhoun, Madison, Pasco, Jefferson, Dixie, Martin, Bay, and Leon. Louisiana: St Tammany, and Ouachita. Georgia: Grady, Thomas, Clinch, and Baker. Alabama: Mobile. North Carolina: Wake, Pender, and Durham. Mississippi: Winston. South Carolina: Florence. </ref> It is also a characteristic species of the panhandle silty longleaf woodlands and the upper panhandle savannas in Florida.<ref name= "Carr">Carr, S. C., et al. (2010). "A Vegetation Classification of Fire-Dependent Pinelands of Florida." Castanea 75(2): 153-189.</ref> On the Wade Tract Preserve that is a part of the Arcadia Plantation in the Red Hills Region, ''D. tenue'' was found to be a lowland species, compared to upland or mid-slope species.<ref>Gilliam, F. S., et al. (2006). "Natural disturbances and the physiognomy of pine savannas: A phenomenological model." Applied Vegetation Science 9: 83-96.</ref> | + | ''D. tenue'' can be found in wet peaty or sandy soil in pineland savannas, flatwoods, bogs, and meadows. <ref name= "Weakley"> Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium. </ref> More specifically, habitats range from hardwood forests, pine flatwoods and savannahs, shaded loams, along railroads and several other disturbed sites, sandy depressions and hills, scrub thickets, grass sedge bogs, and other flatwoods. <ref name= "Herbarium"> Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Cecil Slaughter, R. Kral, R. K. Godfrey, H. Kurz, S. W. Leonard, A. E. Radford, Sidney McDaniel, C. R. Bell, H. L. Blomquist, R. F. Thorne, and R. A. Davidson. States and counties: Florida: Wakulla, Liberty, Franklin, Levy, Alachua, Escambia, Lee, Calhoun, Madison, Pasco, Jefferson, Dixie, Martin, Bay, and Leon. Louisiana: St Tammany, and Ouachita. Georgia: Grady, Thomas, Clinch, and Baker. Alabama: Mobile. North Carolina: Wake, Pender, and Durham. Mississippi: Winston. South Carolina: Florence. </ref> It is also a characteristic species of the panhandle silty longleaf woodlands and the upper panhandle savannas in Florida.<ref name= "Carr">Carr, S. C., et al. (2010). "A Vegetation Classification of Fire-Dependent Pinelands of Florida." Castanea 75(2): 153-189.</ref> On the Wade Tract Preserve that is a part of the Arcadia Plantation in the Red Hills Region, ''D. tenue'' was found to be a lowland species, compared to upland or mid-slope species.<ref>Gilliam, F. S., et al. (2006). "Natural disturbances and the physiognomy of pine savannas: A phenomenological model." Applied Vegetation Science 9: 83-96.</ref> As well, a study found that this species was in greater frequency in natural longleaf pine stands rather than planted stands.<ref>Kirkman, L. K., et al. (2004). "Ground Cover Recovery Patterns and Life-History Traits: Implications for Restoration Obstacles and Opportunities in a Species-Rich Savanna." Journal of Ecology 92(3): 409-421.</ref> |
Associated species: ''Dichanthelium aciculare'', ''D. ''acuminatum'', ''D. dichotomum'', ''D. ovale'', ''D. laxiflorum'', ''Polygonum pensylvanicum'', ''Sarracenia leucophylla'', ''Calopogon barbatus'', and ''Drosera'' sp.<ref name= "Herbarium"/> | Associated species: ''Dichanthelium aciculare'', ''D. ''acuminatum'', ''D. dichotomum'', ''D. ovale'', ''D. laxiflorum'', ''Polygonum pensylvanicum'', ''Sarracenia leucophylla'', ''Calopogon barbatus'', and ''Drosera'' sp.<ref name= "Herbarium"/> | ||
Revision as of 10:13, 2 May 2019
Common name: White-edged witchgrass
| Dichanthelium tenue | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Liliopsida - Moncots |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Poaceae |
| Genus: | Dichanthelium |
| Species: | D. tenue |
| Binomial name | |
| Dichanthelium tenue (Muhlenberg) | |
| |
| Natural range of Dichanthelium tenue from Weakley <refname= "Weakley"/> | |
Contents
Taxonomic Notes
Synonyms: Panicum tenue Muhlenberg, Panicum albomarginatum Nash, Panicum trifolium Nash, Panicum ensifolium Baldwin, Panicum concinnius A.S. Hitchcock & Chase, and Dichanthelium dichotomum (Linnaeus) Gould var. tenue (Muhlenberg) Gould & Clark.
Varieties: none
Description
D. tenue, also known as white-edged witchgrass [1], is a native perennial with a graminoid growth habit that is a member of the Poaceae family. [2]
Distribution
The native distribution of D. tenue ranges in the gulf coastal plain from Louisiana up to Kentucky and Maryland. [2] The species is also present in Mesoamerica and Cuba. [1]
Ecology
Habitat
D. tenue can be found in wet peaty or sandy soil in pineland savannas, flatwoods, bogs, and meadows. [1] More specifically, habitats range from hardwood forests, pine flatwoods and savannahs, shaded loams, along railroads and several other disturbed sites, sandy depressions and hills, scrub thickets, grass sedge bogs, and other flatwoods. [3] It is also a characteristic species of the panhandle silty longleaf woodlands and the upper panhandle savannas in Florida.[4] On the Wade Tract Preserve that is a part of the Arcadia Plantation in the Red Hills Region, D. tenue was found to be a lowland species, compared to upland or mid-slope species.[5] As well, a study found that this species was in greater frequency in natural longleaf pine stands rather than planted stands.[6]
Associated species: Dichanthelium aciculare, D. acuminatum, D. dichotomum, D. ovale, D. laxiflorum, Polygonum pensylvanicum, Sarracenia leucophylla, Calopogon barbatus, and Drosera sp.[3]
Phenology
Flowering time of D. tenue ranges from May until October. [1] Fruit has been seen to be present in the months February through June, and September through November. [3]
Seed bank and germination
A study found this species to be present in the seed bank of disturbed sites as well as non-disturbed sites, but much more indicative of disturbed sites.[7]
Fire ecology
It is commonly found in fire dependent pinelands and savannas.[4]
Conservation and Management
This species is imperiled in Kentucky, vulnerable in Virginia, possibly extirpated in Delaware, and critically imperiled in New Jersey.[8]
Cultivation and restoration
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 USDA Plants Database URL: https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=DIDIT
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Cecil Slaughter, R. Kral, R. K. Godfrey, H. Kurz, S. W. Leonard, A. E. Radford, Sidney McDaniel, C. R. Bell, H. L. Blomquist, R. F. Thorne, and R. A. Davidson. States and counties: Florida: Wakulla, Liberty, Franklin, Levy, Alachua, Escambia, Lee, Calhoun, Madison, Pasco, Jefferson, Dixie, Martin, Bay, and Leon. Louisiana: St Tammany, and Ouachita. Georgia: Grady, Thomas, Clinch, and Baker. Alabama: Mobile. North Carolina: Wake, Pender, and Durham. Mississippi: Winston. South Carolina: Florence.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Carr, S. C., et al. (2010). "A Vegetation Classification of Fire-Dependent Pinelands of Florida." Castanea 75(2): 153-189.
- ↑ Gilliam, F. S., et al. (2006). "Natural disturbances and the physiognomy of pine savannas: A phenomenological model." Applied Vegetation Science 9: 83-96.
- ↑ Kirkman, L. K., et al. (2004). "Ground Cover Recovery Patterns and Life-History Traits: Implications for Restoration Obstacles and Opportunities in a Species-Rich Savanna." Journal of Ecology 92(3): 409-421.
- ↑ Cohen, S., et al. (2004). "Seed bank viability in disturbed longleaf pine sites." Restoration Ecology 12: 503-515.
- ↑ [[1]] NatureServe Explorer. Accessed: May 2, 2019
