Difference between revisions of "Smilax bona-nox"

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(Ecology)
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===Habitat===  
 
===Habitat===  
 
Common habitats for ''S. bona-nox'' include wetland and upland habitats, dunes, and maritime thickets and forests. <ref name= "Weakley"> Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.</ref>
 
Common habitats for ''S. bona-nox'' include wetland and upland habitats, dunes, and maritime thickets and forests. <ref name= "Weakley"> Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.</ref>
 
 
''S. bona-nox'' can grow in a variety of soils, coarse, medium, and fine textures.<ref name= "USDA"> [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CEAM USDA Plant Database]</ref>
 
''S. bona-nox'' can grow in a variety of soils, coarse, medium, and fine textures.<ref name= "USDA"> [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CEAM USDA Plant Database]</ref>
 
 
It has a medium tolerance to drought and a high tolerance for shade. <ref name= "USDA"> [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CEAM USDA Plant Database]</ref>
 
It has a medium tolerance to drought and a high tolerance for shade. <ref name= "USDA"> [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CEAM USDA Plant Database]</ref>
 
 
Habitats that specimens have been collected from include moist loamy soil near creeks, edges of msic woodland, and lower tidal swamps. <ref name = "FSU herbarium"> URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, R>K.Godfrey, Chris Cooksey, R. Komarek, J.M. Kane, Herbert Kessler, Tina Kessler, William Platt, M. Darst, L. Webster, L.Peed. States and counties: Florida (Wakulla, Leon, Holmes, Liberty, Levy) Georgia (Thomas, Grady)</ref>  
 
Habitats that specimens have been collected from include moist loamy soil near creeks, edges of msic woodland, and lower tidal swamps. <ref name = "FSU herbarium"> URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, R>K.Godfrey, Chris Cooksey, R. Komarek, J.M. Kane, Herbert Kessler, Tina Kessler, William Platt, M. Darst, L. Webster, L.Peed. States and counties: Florida (Wakulla, Leon, Holmes, Liberty, Levy) Georgia (Thomas, Grady)</ref>  
 
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Flowering occurs in April. <ref name= "Pan Flora"> [http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Pan Flora]</ref>
 
Flowering occurs in April. <ref name= "Pan Flora"> [http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Pan Flora]</ref>
 
<!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers.  Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ -->
 
<!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers.  Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ -->
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===Seed dispersal===
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This species is thought to be dispersed by consumption by vertebrates. <ref> Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.</ref>
 
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===Fire ecology===  
 
===Fire ecology===  

Revision as of 10:56, 4 September 2018

Common Names: Saw Greenbrier [1], Catbrier, Bullbrier [2]

Smilax bona-nox
Smilax bona-nox SEF.jpg
Photo by John Gwaltney hosted at Southeastern Flora.com
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class: Liliopsida - Moncots
Order: Liliales
Family: Smilacaceae
Genus: Smilax
Species: S. bona-nox
Binomial name
Smilax bona-nox
L.
SMIL BONA DIST.JPG
Natural range of Smilax bona-nox from USDA NRCS Plants Database.

Taxonomic Notes

Synonym: S. bona-nox var. exauriculata (Fernald), S. bona-nox var. hederifolia (Beyrich) Fernald

Variety: S. bona-nox var. littoralis (Coker ex Sorrie)

Description

S. bona-nox is a perennial shrub/vine of the Smilacaceae family that is native to North America. [1]

Distribution

S. bona-nox is found in the southeastern United States; Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Illinois, Alabama, Missouri, Arkansas, Mississippi, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Texas.[1]

Ecology

Habitat

Common habitats for S. bona-nox include wetland and upland habitats, dunes, and maritime thickets and forests. [3] S. bona-nox can grow in a variety of soils, coarse, medium, and fine textures.[1] It has a medium tolerance to drought and a high tolerance for shade. [1] Habitats that specimens have been collected from include moist loamy soil near creeks, edges of msic woodland, and lower tidal swamps. [4]

Phenology

Flowering occurs in April. [5]

Seed dispersal

This species is thought to be dispersed by consumption by vertebrates. [6]

Fire ecology

S. bona-nox has a high tolerance to fire. [1]

Conservation and Management

Cultivation and restoration

Photo Gallery

References and notes

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 USDA Plant Database
  2. Gee, K. L., et al. (1994). White-tailed deer: their foods and management in the cross timbers. Ardmore, OK, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation.
  3. Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.
  4. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, R>K.Godfrey, Chris Cooksey, R. Komarek, J.M. Kane, Herbert Kessler, Tina Kessler, William Platt, M. Darst, L. Webster, L.Peed. States and counties: Florida (Wakulla, Leon, Holmes, Liberty, Levy) Georgia (Thomas, Grady)
  5. Pan Flora
  6. Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.