Difference between revisions of "Sorghastrum secundum"
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===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
| − | Flowering occurs in September and October<ref name="Weakley 2015"/> | + | Flowering occurs in September and October in Central Florida and northward.<ref name="Weakley 2015"/><ref name="Hall 1982"/> In southern Florida, blooming begins in July.<ref name="Hall 1982"/>. Seed germination seems to peak in January and February.<ref name="Coffey & Kirkman 2006"/> |
<!--===Seed dispersal===--> | <!--===Seed dispersal===--> | ||
Revision as of 12:27, 16 January 2018
| Sorghastrum secundum | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by Kevin Robertson | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Liliopsida - Moncots |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Poaceae |
| Genus: | Sorghastrum |
| Species: | S. secundum |
| Binomial name | |
| Sorghastrum secundum (Elliott) Nash | |
| |
| Natural range of Sorghastrum secundum from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common Name(s): lopsided indiangrass[1][2]
Contents
Taxonomic Notes
Synonym(s): Andropogon secundus[2]
Description
Sorghastrum secundum is a monoecious perennial graminoid[2] that grows to 3-6 feet (0.91-1.83 m).[3] It is a tufted grass with short rhizomes.[4]
Distribution
S. secundum occurs from southern South Carolina, south to southern Florida, and westward to southern Alabama.[1]
Ecology
Habitat
This species is found on sandhills[1] and thinly wooded areas.[5] In peninsula Florida xeric sandhills, S. secundum was found in 100% of the plots with a mean cover of 0.0299 m2. Panhandle xeric sandhills contained S. secundum in 87% of plots and had a mean coverage of 0.0191 m2. Frequency and mean cover in North Florida longleaf woodlands was 100% and 0.04 m2 and 94% and 0.0273 m2 in North Florida subxeric sandhills, respectively.[6]
Phenology
Flowering occurs in September and October in Central Florida and northward.[1][5] In southern Florida, blooming begins in July.[5]. Seed germination seems to peak in January and February.[7]
Seed bank and germination
In south Georgia, S. secundum buried in seed bags had a 26% germination rate after one year, 34% after two, and 9% after four.[7]
Use by animals
S. secundum consists of 2-5% of the diet for terrestrial birds.[8] Fire ants (Solenopsis invicta), do not show an interest in S. secundum seeds.[9]
Diseases and parasites
Its seeds are more prone to mold destroying it prior to germination compared to other seeds.[7]
Conservation and Management
Cultivation and restoration
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Weakley AS (2015) Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Herbarium.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 USDA NRCS (2016) The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 16 January 2018). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA.
- ↑ Plant database: Sorghastrum secundum. (16 January 2018) Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. URL: https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SOSE5
- ↑ Dagley CM, Harrington TB, Edwards MB (2002) Understory restoration in longleaf pine plantations: Overstory effects of competition and needlefall. In: Outcalt KW ed. Proceedings of the eleventh biennial southern silvicultural research conference. General Technical Report SRS-48. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Hall DW (1982) Sorghastrum (Poaceae) in Florida. SIDA 9(4):302-308.
- ↑ Carr SC, Robertson KM, Peet RK (2010) A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75(2):153-189.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Coffey KL, Kirkman LK (2006) Seed germination strategies of species with restoration potential in a fire maintained pine savanna. Natural Areas Journal 26(3):289-299.
- ↑ Miller JH, Miller KV (1999) Forest plants of the southeast and their wildlife uses. Southern Weed Science Society.
- ↑ Cumberland MS, Kirkman LK (2013) The effects of the red imported fire ant on seed fate in the longleaf pine ecosystem. Plant Ecology 214:717-724.
