Difference between revisions of "Pluchea foetida"
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| − | Common names: | + | Common names: stinking camphorweed, stinking fleabane |
==Taxonomic notes== | ==Taxonomic notes== | ||
| − | Synonyms: ''Pluchea | + | Synonyms: ''Pluchea imbricata'' (Kearney) Nash<ref name=weakley>Weakley, A.S. 2020. Flora of the Southeastern United States. Edition of 20 October 2020. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> |
| − | Variety: ''Pluchea foetida'' (Linnaeus) A.P. de Candolle var. ''imbricata'' Kearney | + | Variety: ''Pluchea foetida'' (Linnaeus) A.P. de Candolle var. ''foetida''; ''Pluchea foetida'' (Linnaeus) A.P. de Candolle var. ''imbricata'' Kearney; ''P. tenuifolia'' Small<ref name=weakley/> |
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| Line 31: | Line 31: | ||
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| − | In the Coastal Plain in Florida and Georgia, ''P. foetida'' can be found at edges of creeks and swampy woodlands, bordering deciduous forests, cypress-sweetgum swamps, cabbage palmetto/ water hickory hammocks, marshy areas, flatwood streams, deeply shaded floodplains, moist depressions of sandbars, wet drainage bordering savannas, slash pine-wiregrass flatwoods, wiregrass/saw palmetto with scattered pines and cypress bays, swamp forests, open bogs, and semi shaded mesic woods along creek swamps. <ref name="FSU Herbarium">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Robert K. Godfrey, D.B. Ward, James P. Gillespie, R. Kral, John Morrill, Loran C. Anderson, Almust G. Jones, Robert A. Norris, P.L. Redfearn, Bruce Hansen, JoAnn Hansen, Kent D. Perkins, John B. Nelson, L. Baltzell, O. Lakela, N. C. Henderson, R. Komarek, J. M. Kane, Cecil R Slaughter, T. MacClendon, K. MacClendon, Grady W. Reinert, R. D. Houk. States and Counties: Florida: Calhoun, Citrus, Columbia, Duval, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Hernando, Hillsborough, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, Levy, Nassau, Okaloosa, Orange, Pasco, Polk, Putnam, Santa Rosa, St. Johns, Taylor, Volusia, Wakulla, Walton, Washington. Georgia: Grady, Thomas. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.</ref> It has also been documented to grow in sandy ditches bordering slash pine/gallberry flatwoods, clearings of swampy woodlands, and moist depressions along trails. Associated species include slash pine, gallberry, wiregrass, saw palmetto and cypress trees. <ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> It has been observed to grow in shaded and semi-shaded areas. <ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> Soil types can include peaty soils, mucky moist loamy sands, coarse sands of a pond shore, and drying loamy soil. <ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> Associated species include Cypress, sweetgum, cabbage palmetto, hickory, slash pine, wiregrass, saw palmetto, and gallberry. <ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> | + | In the Coastal Plain in Florida and Georgia, ''P. foetida'' can be found at edges of creeks and swampy woodlands, bordering deciduous forests, cypress-sweetgum swamps, cabbage palmetto/ water hickory hammocks, marshy areas, flatwood streams, deeply shaded floodplains, moist depressions of sandbars, wet drainage bordering savannas, slash pine-wiregrass flatwoods, wiregrass/saw palmetto with scattered pines and cypress bays, swamp forests, open bogs, and semi shaded mesic woods along creek swamps.<ref name="FSU Herbarium">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Robert K. Godfrey, D.B. Ward, James P. Gillespie, R. Kral, John Morrill, Loran C. Anderson, Almust G. Jones, Robert A. Norris, P.L. Redfearn, Bruce Hansen, JoAnn Hansen, Kent D. Perkins, John B. Nelson, L. Baltzell, O. Lakela, N. C. Henderson, R. Komarek, J. M. Kane, Cecil R Slaughter, T. MacClendon, K. MacClendon, Grady W. Reinert, R. D. Houk. States and Counties: Florida: Calhoun, Citrus, Columbia, Duval, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Hernando, Hillsborough, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, Levy, Nassau, Okaloosa, Orange, Pasco, Polk, Putnam, Santa Rosa, St. Johns, Taylor, Volusia, Wakulla, Walton, Washington. Georgia: Grady, Thomas. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.</ref> It has also been documented to grow in sandy ditches bordering slash pine/gallberry flatwoods, clearings of swampy woodlands, and moist depressions along trails. Associated species include slash pine, gallberry, wiregrass, saw palmetto and cypress trees.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> It has been observed to grow in shaded and semi-shaded areas.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> Soil types can include peaty soils, mucky moist loamy sands, coarse sands of a pond shore, and drying loamy soil.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> Associated species include Cypress, sweetgum, cabbage palmetto, hickory, slash pine, wiregrass, saw palmetto, and gallberry.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> |
| + | |||
| + | ''P. foetida'' increased its occurrence or was unaffected in response to soil disturbance by roller chopping in south Florida. It has shown regrowth or been unaffected by reestablished native habitats that were disturbed by this practice.<ref>Lewis, C.E. (1970). Responses to Chopping and Rock Phosphate on South Florida Ranges. Journal of Range Management 23(4):276-282.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''Pluchea foetida'' is an indicator species for the Peninsula Savannas community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).<ref>Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.</ref> | ||
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
| − | Flowering has been documented June through November. <ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> | + | Flowering has been documented June through November.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/><ref>Nelson, G. [http://www.gilnelson.com/ PanFlora]: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 19 MAY 2021</ref> |
<!--===Seed dispersal===--> | <!--===Seed dispersal===--> | ||
===Seed bank and germination=== | ===Seed bank and germination=== | ||
| − | Several short-lived perennial forbs also have a seed bank persistent for at least several years. <ref name="Platt et al 2006">Platt, W. J., S. M. Carr, et al. (2006). "Pine savanna overstorey influences on ground-cover biodiversity." Applied Vegetation Science 9: 37-50.</ref> | + | Several short-lived perennial forbs also have a seed bank persistent for at least several years.<ref name="Platt et al 2006">Platt, W. J., S. M. Carr, et al. (2006). "Pine savanna overstorey influences on ground-cover biodiversity." Applied Vegetation Science 9: 37-50.</ref> |
| − | + | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | |
| − | <!--===Pollination===--> | + | Populations of ''Pluchea foetida'' have been known to persist through repeated annual burning.<ref>Platt, W.J., R. Carter, G. Nelson, W. Baker, S. Hermann, J. Kane, L. Anderson, M. Smith, K. Robertson. 2021. Unpublished species list of Wade Tract old-growth longleaf pine savanna, Thomasville, Georgia.</ref> |
| − | + | ||
| + | <!--===Pollination===--> | ||
| + | ===Herbivory and toxicology===<!--Common herbivores, granivory, insect hosting, poisonous chemicals, allelopathy, etc--> | ||
| + | ''Pluchea foetida'' has been observed to host assassin bugs such as ''Apiomerus crassipes'' (family Reduviidae).<ref>Discoverlife.org [https://www.discoverlife.org/20/q?search=Bidens+albaDiscoverlife.org|Discoverlife.org]</ref> | ||
<!--===Diseases and parasites===--> | <!--===Diseases and parasites===--> | ||
| − | ==Conservation and | + | ==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration== |
| − | == | + | ==Cultural use== |
==Photo Gallery== | ==Photo Gallery== | ||
<gallery widths=180px> | <gallery widths=180px> | ||
Latest revision as of 15:15, 3 July 2023
| Pluchea foetida | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo taken by Gil Nelson | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae ⁄ Compositae |
| Genus: | Pluchea |
| Species: | P. foetida |
| Binomial name | |
| Pluchea foetida (L.) DC. | |
| |
| Natural range of Pluchea foetida from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common names: stinking camphorweed, stinking fleabane
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonyms: Pluchea imbricata (Kearney) Nash[1]
Variety: Pluchea foetida (Linnaeus) A.P. de Candolle var. foetida; Pluchea foetida (Linnaeus) A.P. de Candolle var. imbricata Kearney; P. tenuifolia Small[1]
Description
A description of Pluchea foetida is provided in The Flora of North America.
Distribution
Ecology
Habitat
In the Coastal Plain in Florida and Georgia, P. foetida can be found at edges of creeks and swampy woodlands, bordering deciduous forests, cypress-sweetgum swamps, cabbage palmetto/ water hickory hammocks, marshy areas, flatwood streams, deeply shaded floodplains, moist depressions of sandbars, wet drainage bordering savannas, slash pine-wiregrass flatwoods, wiregrass/saw palmetto with scattered pines and cypress bays, swamp forests, open bogs, and semi shaded mesic woods along creek swamps.[2] It has also been documented to grow in sandy ditches bordering slash pine/gallberry flatwoods, clearings of swampy woodlands, and moist depressions along trails. Associated species include slash pine, gallberry, wiregrass, saw palmetto and cypress trees.[2] It has been observed to grow in shaded and semi-shaded areas.[2] Soil types can include peaty soils, mucky moist loamy sands, coarse sands of a pond shore, and drying loamy soil.[2] Associated species include Cypress, sweetgum, cabbage palmetto, hickory, slash pine, wiregrass, saw palmetto, and gallberry.[2]
P. foetida increased its occurrence or was unaffected in response to soil disturbance by roller chopping in south Florida. It has shown regrowth or been unaffected by reestablished native habitats that were disturbed by this practice.[3]
Pluchea foetida is an indicator species for the Peninsula Savannas community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).[4]
Phenology
Flowering has been documented June through November.[2][5]
Seed bank and germination
Several short-lived perennial forbs also have a seed bank persistent for at least several years.[6]
Fire ecology
Populations of Pluchea foetida have been known to persist through repeated annual burning.[7]
Herbivory and toxicology
Pluchea foetida has been observed to host assassin bugs such as Apiomerus crassipes (family Reduviidae).[8]
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
Cultural use
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Weakley, A.S. 2020. Flora of the Southeastern United States. Edition of 20 October 2020. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Robert K. Godfrey, D.B. Ward, James P. Gillespie, R. Kral, John Morrill, Loran C. Anderson, Almust G. Jones, Robert A. Norris, P.L. Redfearn, Bruce Hansen, JoAnn Hansen, Kent D. Perkins, John B. Nelson, L. Baltzell, O. Lakela, N. C. Henderson, R. Komarek, J. M. Kane, Cecil R Slaughter, T. MacClendon, K. MacClendon, Grady W. Reinert, R. D. Houk. States and Counties: Florida: Calhoun, Citrus, Columbia, Duval, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Hernando, Hillsborough, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, Levy, Nassau, Okaloosa, Orange, Pasco, Polk, Putnam, Santa Rosa, St. Johns, Taylor, Volusia, Wakulla, Walton, Washington. Georgia: Grady, Thomas. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.
- ↑ Lewis, C.E. (1970). Responses to Chopping and Rock Phosphate on South Florida Ranges. Journal of Range Management 23(4):276-282.
- ↑ Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 19 MAY 2021
- ↑ Platt, W. J., S. M. Carr, et al. (2006). "Pine savanna overstorey influences on ground-cover biodiversity." Applied Vegetation Science 9: 37-50.
- ↑ Platt, W.J., R. Carter, G. Nelson, W. Baker, S. Hermann, J. Kane, L. Anderson, M. Smith, K. Robertson. 2021. Unpublished species list of Wade Tract old-growth longleaf pine savanna, Thomasville, Georgia.
- ↑ Discoverlife.org [1]
