Difference between revisions of "Sporobolus floridanus"

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<!-- Get the taxonomy information from the NRCS Plants database -->
 
<!-- Get the taxonomy information from the NRCS Plants database -->
 
{{taxobox
 
{{taxobox
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| name = Genus species
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| name = Sporobolus floridanus
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| image =  
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| image = Sporobolus_floridanus_DL.jpg
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| image_caption = Photo by
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| image_caption = Photo by Bobby Hattaway hosted at [http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?search=Sporobolus+floridanus&flags=col4: Discoverlife.org]
 
| regnum = Plantae
 
| regnum = Plantae
 
| divisio = Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
 
| divisio = Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
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| classis = Liliopsida - Moncots or Magnoliopsida - Dicots
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| classis = Liliopsida - Moncots
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| ordo = Order
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| ordo = Poales
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| familia = Family
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| familia = Poaceae
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| genus = ''Genus''
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| genus = ''Sporobolus''
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| species = '''''G. species'''''
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| species = '''''S. floridanus'''''
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| binomial = ''Genus species''
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| binomial = ''Sporobolus floridanus''
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| binomial_authority = Authority
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| binomial_authority = Chapm.
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| range_map =  
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| range_map = SPOR_FLOR_DIST.JPG
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| range_map_caption = Natural range of ''Genus species'' from USDA NRCS [http://www.plants.usda.gov Plants Database].
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| range_map_caption = Natural range of ''Sporobolus floridanus'' from USDA NRCS [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=SPFL3 Plants Database].
 
}}
 
}}
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Common Name(s): Florida dropseed<ref name="Weakley 2015">Weakley A. S.(2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Herbarium.</ref>
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==Taxonomic Notes==
 
==Taxonomic Notes==
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==Description==  
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<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. -->
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==Description== <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. -->
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‘’Sporobolus floridanus’’ is a monoecious perennial graminoid.<ref name="USDA">USDA, NRCS. (2016). The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 10 January 2018). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA.</ref>
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==Distribution==
 
==Distribution==
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''Sporobolus floridanus'' is endemic to an area from southern South Carolina to peninsular Florida and west through Alabama, but the majority is found in Florida.<ref>Sorrie, B. A. and A. S. Weakley 2001. Coastal Plain valcular plant endemics: Phytogeographic patterns. Castanea 66: 50-82.</ref> It can be found in South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, and Alabama.<ref name="Weakley 2015"/><ref name="USDA"/>
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==Ecology==
 
==Ecology==
 
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.-->
 
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.-->
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<!--===Phenology===--> <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers.  Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ -->
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<!--===Seed dispersal===-->
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''S. floridanus'' has been found in sandy pinelands, pine savannahs, marsh edges, longleaf pine-wiregrass flatwoods, and pine woodlands.<ref name="FSU"> Florida State University Herbarium Database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: L.C. Anderson and R.K. Godfrey. States and counties: Florida: Franklin, Gulf, Liberty, Nassau, Wakulla, and Walton.</ref> It is also found in disturbed areas including burned pine flatwoods and powerline corridors.<ref name="FSU"/>
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Associated species: ''Sarracenia, Macbridea, Cuphea, Verbesine chapmanii, Justicia crassifolia, Rhexia, Liatris, Carphephorus, and Helianthus angustifolius, Anthaenantia, Paspalum, Erianthus, Arnoglossum, Eupatorium, and Bigelowia'', and ''Rhynchospora spp''.<ref name="FSU"/>
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''S. floridanus'' is additionally found in wet savannas,<ref name="Weakley 2015"/>, seepage bogs, and titi/cypress swamps and is abundant in wet pine savannas.<ref name="Drewa et al 2002">Drewa P. B., Platt W. J., and Moser E. B. (2002). Community structure along elevation gradients in headwater regions of longleaf pine savannas. Plant Ecology 160(1):61-78.</ref> In north Florida mesic flatwoods ''S. floridanus'' occurred in 53% of plots with a mean coverage of 0.0613 m<sup>-2</sup> and was the sole herbaceous indicator species this community type.<ref name="Carr et al 2010">Carr S. C., Robertson K. M., and Peet R. K. (2010). A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75(2):153-189.</ref>
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''Sporobolus floridanus'' is an indicator species for the North Florida Mesic Flatwoods community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).<ref>Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.</ref>
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===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers.  Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ -->
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''S. floridanus'' has been observed to flower from June through September.<ref name="Weakley 2015"/><ref name="PanFlora">Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 10 JAN 2018</ref>
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===Seed dispersal===
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This species is thought to be dispersed by gravity.<ref> Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.</ref>
 
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===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses-->
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In Georgia, the percent cover of ''S. floridanus'' increased from 0.4% after one growing season following a burn to 1.0% after 8 growing seasons.<ref name="Lemon 1949">Lemon P. C. (1949). Successional responses of herbs in the longleaf-slash pine forest after fire. Ecology 30(2):135-145.</ref> Populations of ''Sporobolus floridanus'' have been known to persist through repeated annual burns.<ref>Robertson, K.M. Unpublished data collected from Pebble Hill Fire Plots, Pebble Hill Plantation, Thomasville, Georgia.</ref><ref>Platt, W.J., R. Carter, G. Nelson, W. Baker, S. Hermann, J. Kane, L. Anderson, M. Smith, K. Robertson. 2021. Unpublished species list of Wade Tract old-growth longleaf pine savanna, Thomasville, Georgia.</ref>
 
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<!--===Herbivory and toxicology===<!--Common herbivores, granivory, insect hosting, poisonous chemicals, allelopathy, etc-->
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==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration==
  
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==Conservation and Management==
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==Cultural use==
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In the past, native peoples would harvest the tiny husk-less grains and grind them into a flour.<ref> Fernald, et al. 1958. Edible Plants of Eastern North America. Harper and Row Publishers, New York.</ref>
  
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==Cultivation and restoration==
 
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
<gallery widths=180px>
 
<gallery widths=180px>
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
 
==References and notes==
 
==References and notes==

Latest revision as of 13:01, 15 July 2022

Sporobolus floridanus
Sporobolus floridanus DL.jpg
Photo by Bobby Hattaway hosted at Discoverlife.org
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class: Liliopsida - Moncots
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Genus: Sporobolus
Species: S. floridanus
Binomial name
Sporobolus floridanus
Chapm.
SPOR FLOR DIST.JPG
Natural range of Sporobolus floridanus from USDA NRCS Plants Database.

Common Name(s): Florida dropseed[1]

Taxonomic Notes

Description

‘’Sporobolus floridanus’’ is a monoecious perennial graminoid.[2]

Distribution

Sporobolus floridanus is endemic to an area from southern South Carolina to peninsular Florida and west through Alabama, but the majority is found in Florida.[3] It can be found in South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, and Alabama.[1][2]

Ecology

Habitat

S. floridanus has been found in sandy pinelands, pine savannahs, marsh edges, longleaf pine-wiregrass flatwoods, and pine woodlands.[4] It is also found in disturbed areas including burned pine flatwoods and powerline corridors.[4]

Associated species: Sarracenia, Macbridea, Cuphea, Verbesine chapmanii, Justicia crassifolia, Rhexia, Liatris, Carphephorus, and Helianthus angustifolius, Anthaenantia, Paspalum, Erianthus, Arnoglossum, Eupatorium, and Bigelowia, and Rhynchospora spp.[4]

S. floridanus is additionally found in wet savannas,[1], seepage bogs, and titi/cypress swamps and is abundant in wet pine savannas.[5] In north Florida mesic flatwoods S. floridanus occurred in 53% of plots with a mean coverage of 0.0613 m-2 and was the sole herbaceous indicator species this community type.[6]

Sporobolus floridanus is an indicator species for the North Florida Mesic Flatwoods community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).[7]

Phenology

S. floridanus has been observed to flower from June through September.[1][8]

Seed dispersal

This species is thought to be dispersed by gravity.[9]

Fire ecology

In Georgia, the percent cover of S. floridanus increased from 0.4% after one growing season following a burn to 1.0% after 8 growing seasons.[10] Populations of Sporobolus floridanus have been known to persist through repeated annual burns.[11][12]

Conservation, cultivation, and restoration

Cultural use

In the past, native peoples would harvest the tiny husk-less grains and grind them into a flour.[13]

Photo Gallery

References and notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Weakley A. S.(2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Herbarium.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 USDA, NRCS. (2016). The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 10 January 2018). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA.
  3. ↑ Sorrie, B. A. and A. S. Weakley 2001. Coastal Plain valcular plant endemics: Phytogeographic patterns. Castanea 66: 50-82.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Florida State University Herbarium Database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: L.C. Anderson and R.K. Godfrey. States and counties: Florida: Franklin, Gulf, Liberty, Nassau, Wakulla, and Walton.
  5. ↑ Drewa P. B., Platt W. J., and Moser E. B. (2002). Community structure along elevation gradients in headwater regions of longleaf pine savannas. Plant Ecology 160(1):61-78.
  6. ↑ Carr S. C., Robertson K. M., and Peet R. K. (2010). A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75(2):153-189.
  7. ↑ Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.
  8. ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 10 JAN 2018
  9. ↑ Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.
  10. ↑ Lemon P. C. (1949). Successional responses of herbs in the longleaf-slash pine forest after fire. Ecology 30(2):135-145.
  11. ↑ Robertson, K.M. Unpublished data collected from Pebble Hill Fire Plots, Pebble Hill Plantation, Thomasville, Georgia.
  12. ↑ Platt, W.J., R. Carter, G. Nelson, W. Baker, S. Hermann, J. Kane, L. Anderson, M. Smith, K. Robertson. 2021. Unpublished species list of Wade Tract old-growth longleaf pine savanna, Thomasville, Georgia.
  13. ↑ Fernald, et al. 1958. Edible Plants of Eastern North America. Harper and Row Publishers, New York.
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