Difference between revisions of "Vitis aestivalis"
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==Taxonomic Notes== | ==Taxonomic Notes== | ||
| − | Synonyms: | + | Synonyms: ''V. rufotomentosa'' Small |
| − | Varieties: ''V. aestivalis'' var. ''aestivalis'', ''V. aestivalis'' var. ''bicolor'' | + | Varieties: ''V. aestivalis'' Michaux var. ''aestivalis'', ''V. aestivalis'' Michaux var. ''bicolor'' Deam |
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
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===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
''V. aestivalis'' proliferates in forests and woodlands, mostly upland. <ref name= "Weakley 2015"> Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium. </ref> | ''V. aestivalis'' proliferates in forests and woodlands, mostly upland. <ref name= "Weakley 2015"> Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium. </ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Associated Species- ''V. aestivalis'' has been found with plants of the following genera: ''Ulmus'', ''Betula'', ''Quercus'', and ''Carpinus'' <ref name="herb">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: Robert K. Godfrey, R. A. Norris, Richard S. Mitchell, Chris Cooksey, R. Hayes, Loran C. Anderson, J. M. Kane, Kevin M. Robertson. States and Counties: Florida: Dixie, Gilchrist, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, and Wakulla. Georgia: Liberty, Seminole, and Thomas. </ref>. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''Vitis aestivalis'' is an indicator species for the North Florida Longleaf Woodlands community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).<ref>Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
| − | ''V. aestivalis'' | + | ''V. aestivalis'' has been observed to flower in April and May. <ref name= "PanFlora"> Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 30 MAY 2018 </ref> |
| − | + | ||
| + | ===Seed dispersal=== | ||
| + | This species is thought to be dispersed by consumption by vertebrates. <ref> Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.</ref> | ||
<!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | <!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | ||
===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ||
| − | '' | + | ''V. aestivalis'' is not fire resistant and has low fire tolerance<ref name= "USDA Plant Database"/>; despite this, populations have been known to persist through repeated annual burns.<ref>Robertson, K.M. Unpublished data collected from Pebble Hill Fire Plots, Pebble Hill Plantation, Thomasville, Georgia.</ref><ref>Platt, W.J., R. Carter, G. Nelson, W. Baker, S. Hermann, J. Kane, L. Anderson, M. Smith, K. Robertson. 2021. Unpublished species list of Wade Tract old-growth longleaf pine savanna, Thomasville, Georgia.</ref> |
| − | <!--===Pollination===--> | + | |
| − | === | + | <!--===Pollination===--> |
| − | ''V. aestivalis'' has high palatability for browsing animals and humans, but low palatability for grazing animals. <ref name= "USDA Plant Database"/> | + | ===Herbivory and toxicology=== <!--Common herbivores, granivory, insect hosting, poisonous chemicals, allelopathy, etc.--> |
| + | ''V. aestivalis'' has high palatability for browsing animals and humans, but low palatability for grazing animals. <ref name= "USDA Plant Database"/> This species has been observed to host aphids such as ''Aphis sp.'' (family Aphididae).<ref>Discoverlife.org [https://www.discoverlife.org/20/q?search=Bidens+albaDiscoverlife.org|Discoverlife.org]</ref> | ||
<!--==Diseases and parasites==--> | <!--==Diseases and parasites==--> | ||
| − | ==Conservation and | + | ==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration== |
''V. aestivalis'' is listed as endangered by the Maine Department of Conservation Natural Areas Program, as a prohibited noxious weed by the Ohio Department of Agriculture Plant Industry Division, and as a weedy or invasive species by the state agriculture or natural resource departments of 46 states. <ref name= "USDA Plant Database"/> | ''V. aestivalis'' is listed as endangered by the Maine Department of Conservation Natural Areas Program, as a prohibited noxious weed by the Ohio Department of Agriculture Plant Industry Division, and as a weedy or invasive species by the state agriculture or natural resource departments of 46 states. <ref name= "USDA Plant Database"/> | ||
| − | == | + | ==Cultural use== |
| + | ''Vitis aestivalis'' produces an edible drupe that can be eaten raw or made into goods such as jelly or wine.<ref> Hardin, J.W., Arena, J.M. 1969. Human Poisoning from Native and Cultivated Plants. Duke University Press, Durham, North Carolina.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
==Photo Gallery== | ==Photo Gallery== | ||
<gallery widths=180px> | <gallery widths=180px> | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
==References and notes== | ==References and notes== | ||
Latest revision as of 12:27, 18 July 2022
Common name: summer grape [1], silverleaf grape [1]
| Vitis aestivalis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by John Hilty hosted at [1] | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida - Dicots |
| Order: | Rhamnales |
| Family: | Vitaceae |
| Genus: | Vitis |
| Species: | V. aestivalis |
| Binomial name | |
| Vitis aestivalis Michx. | |
| |
| Natural range of Vitis aestivalis from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Contents
Taxonomic Notes
Synonyms: V. rufotomentosa Small
Varieties: V. aestivalis Michaux var. aestivalis, V. aestivalis Michaux var. bicolor Deam
Description
V. aestivalis is a perennial vine in the Vitaceae family native to North America and Canada. [2]
Distribution
V. aestivalis is found in the eastern half of the United States and California, as well as the Ontario region of Canada. [2]
Ecology
Habitat
V. aestivalis proliferates in forests and woodlands, mostly upland. [1]
Associated Species- V. aestivalis has been found with plants of the following genera: Ulmus, Betula, Quercus, and Carpinus [3].
Vitis aestivalis is an indicator species for the North Florida Longleaf Woodlands community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).[4]
Phenology
V. aestivalis has been observed to flower in April and May. [5]
Seed dispersal
This species is thought to be dispersed by consumption by vertebrates. [6]
Fire ecology
V. aestivalis is not fire resistant and has low fire tolerance[2]; despite this, populations have been known to persist through repeated annual burns.[7][8]
Herbivory and toxicology
V. aestivalis has high palatability for browsing animals and humans, but low palatability for grazing animals. [2] This species has been observed to host aphids such as Aphis sp. (family Aphididae).[9]
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
V. aestivalis is listed as endangered by the Maine Department of Conservation Natural Areas Program, as a prohibited noxious weed by the Ohio Department of Agriculture Plant Industry Division, and as a weedy or invasive species by the state agriculture or natural resource departments of 46 states. [2]
Cultural use
Vitis aestivalis produces an edible drupe that can be eaten raw or made into goods such as jelly or wine.[10]
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 USDA Plant Database https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=VIAE
- ↑ Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: Robert K. Godfrey, R. A. Norris, Richard S. Mitchell, Chris Cooksey, R. Hayes, Loran C. Anderson, J. M. Kane, Kevin M. Robertson. States and Counties: Florida: Dixie, Gilchrist, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, and Wakulla. Georgia: Liberty, Seminole, and Thomas.
- ↑ Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 30 MAY 2018
- ↑ Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.
- ↑ Robertson, K.M. Unpublished data collected from Pebble Hill Fire Plots, Pebble Hill Plantation, Thomasville, Georgia.
- ↑ Platt, W.J., R. Carter, G. Nelson, W. Baker, S. Hermann, J. Kane, L. Anderson, M. Smith, K. Robertson. 2021. Unpublished species list of Wade Tract old-growth longleaf pine savanna, Thomasville, Georgia.
- ↑ Discoverlife.org [2]
- ↑ Hardin, J.W., Arena, J.M. 1969. Human Poisoning from Native and Cultivated Plants. Duke University Press, Durham, North Carolina.
