Difference between revisions of "Viburnum rufidulum"
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| + | Common names: rusty blackhaw<ref name= "USDA"> [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CEAM USDA Plant Database]</ref>, Southern blackhaw<ref name="davis">Davis, J., J. Eric, et al. (2002). "Vascular flora of Piedmont Prairies: Evidence from several prairie remnants." Castanea 67(1): 1-12.</ref> | ||
<!-- Get the taxonomy information from the NRCS Plants database --> | <!-- Get the taxonomy information from the NRCS Plants database --> | ||
{{taxobox | {{taxobox | ||
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==Taxonomic Notes== | ==Taxonomic Notes== | ||
| − | Synonym: ''V. rufotomentosum'' | + | Synonym: ''V. rufotomentosum'' Small.<ref>Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draf of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> |
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==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| − | ''V. rufidulum'' is a perennial shrub/tree of the Caprifoliaceae family that is native to North America. <ref name= "USDA"> [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CEAM USDA Plant Database]</ref> | + | ''V. rufidulum'' is a perennial shrub/tree of the Caprifoliaceae family that is native to North America.<ref name= "USDA"> [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CEAM USDA Plant Database]</ref> |
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | ''V. rufidulum'' is found in the southeastern United States; specifically in Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, Missouri, Illinois, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. <ref name= "USDA"> [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CEAM USDA Plant Database]</ref> | + | ''V. rufidulum'' is found in the southeastern United States; specifically in Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, Missouri, Illinois, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas.<ref name= "USDA"> [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CEAM USDA Plant Database]</ref> |
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
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Common habitats for ''V. rufidulum'' include dry woodlands, dry-mesic woodlands and forests, and is commonly grown over mafic rocks.<ref name= "Weakley"> Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.</ref> | Common habitats for ''V. rufidulum'' include dry woodlands, dry-mesic woodlands and forests, and is commonly grown over mafic rocks.<ref name= "Weakley"> Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.</ref> | ||
| − | Samples have been found in deciduous woods, floodplain hardwoods, upland woods, sides of the road, ravines, and | + | Samples have been found in deciduous woods, floodplain hardwoods, upland woods, sides of the road, ravines, understory of second growth hardwood, deciduous forest, mixed woodland, pine hardwood forests, palm hammock, and other loamy sand environments.<ref name = "FSU herbarium"> URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Robert K. Godfrey, Kurt Blum, Gwynn Ramsey, Richard S. Mitchell, Patricia Elliot, Gary R. Knight, Cecil R. Slaughter, George R. Cooley, R. J. Eaton, Robert L. Lazor, N. Summerlin, J.M. Kane, Annie Schmidt, William Platt, Richard Carter. States and counties: Florida (Gadsden, Jackson, Santa Rosa, Suwannee, Leon, Liberty, Escambia, Wakulla, Okaloosa, Flagler, Hernando, Calhoun, Bay) Georgia (Lowndes, Thomas)</ref> |
===Phenology=== | ===Phenology=== | ||
| − | 'V. rufidulum'' | + | ''V. rufidulum'' has been observed to flower March through May with peak inflorescence in April.<ref name= "Pan Flora"> Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 29 MAY 2018</ref> |
<!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
<!--===Seed dispersal===--> | <!--===Seed dispersal===--> | ||
<!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | <!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | < | + | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> |
| − | <!--=== | + | Populations of ''Viburnum rufidulum'' have been known to persist through repeated annual burning.<ref>Platt, W.J., R. Carter, G. Nelson, W. Baker, S. Hermann, J. Kane, L. Anderson, M. Smith, K. Robertson. 2021. Unpublished species list of Wade Tract old-growth longleaf pine savanna, Thomasville, Georgia.</ref> |
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| + | ===Pollination=== | ||
| + | ''Viburnum rufidulum'' has been observed with treehoppers such as ''Ophiderma salamandra'' (family Membracidae).<ref>Discoverlife.org [https://www.discoverlife.org/20/q?search=Bidens+albaDiscoverlife.org|Discoverlife.org]</ref> | ||
| + | <!--===Herbivory and toxicology=== <!--Common herbivores, granivory, insect hosting, poisonous chemicals, allelopathy, etc.--> | ||
<!--==Diseases and parasites==--> | <!--==Diseases and parasites==--> | ||
| − | ==Conservation and | + | ==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration== |
| + | |||
| + | ==Cultural use== | ||
| + | ''Viburnum rufidulum'' produces a fruit that can be eaten raw or used in goods such as jellies or pies.<ref> Hardin, J.W., Arena, J.M. 1969. Human Poisoning from Native and Cultivated Plants. Duke University Press, Durham, North Carolina.</ref> | ||
| − | |||
==Photo Gallery== | ==Photo Gallery== | ||
<gallery widths=180px> | <gallery widths=180px> | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
==References and notes== | ==References and notes== | ||
Latest revision as of 12:23, 18 July 2022
Common names: rusty blackhaw[1], Southern blackhaw[2]
| Viburnum rufidulum | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by James H. Miller, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org hosted at Forestryimages.org | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida - Dicots |
| Order: | Dipsacales |
| Family: | Caprifoliaceae |
| Genus: | Viburnum |
| Species: | V. rufidulum |
| Binomial name | |
| Viburnum rufidulum Raf. | |
| |
| Natural range of Viburnum rufidulum from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Contents
Taxonomic Notes
Synonym: V. rufotomentosum Small.[3]
Description
V. rufidulum is a perennial shrub/tree of the Caprifoliaceae family that is native to North America.[1]
Distribution
V. rufidulum is found in the southeastern United States; specifically in Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, Missouri, Illinois, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas.[1]
Ecology
Habitat
Common habitats for V. rufidulum include dry woodlands, dry-mesic woodlands and forests, and is commonly grown over mafic rocks.[4]
Samples have been found in deciduous woods, floodplain hardwoods, upland woods, sides of the road, ravines, understory of second growth hardwood, deciduous forest, mixed woodland, pine hardwood forests, palm hammock, and other loamy sand environments.[5]
Phenology
V. rufidulum has been observed to flower March through May with peak inflorescence in April.[6]
Fire ecology
Populations of Viburnum rufidulum have been known to persist through repeated annual burning.[7]
Pollination
Viburnum rufidulum has been observed with treehoppers such as Ophiderma salamandra (family Membracidae).[8]
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
Cultural use
Viburnum rufidulum produces a fruit that can be eaten raw or used in goods such as jellies or pies.[9]
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 USDA Plant Database
- ↑ Davis, J., J. Eric, et al. (2002). "Vascular flora of Piedmont Prairies: Evidence from several prairie remnants." Castanea 67(1): 1-12.
- ↑ Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draf of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- ↑ Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.
- ↑ URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Robert K. Godfrey, Kurt Blum, Gwynn Ramsey, Richard S. Mitchell, Patricia Elliot, Gary R. Knight, Cecil R. Slaughter, George R. Cooley, R. J. Eaton, Robert L. Lazor, N. Summerlin, J.M. Kane, Annie Schmidt, William Platt, Richard Carter. States and counties: Florida (Gadsden, Jackson, Santa Rosa, Suwannee, Leon, Liberty, Escambia, Wakulla, Okaloosa, Flagler, Hernando, Calhoun, Bay) Georgia (Lowndes, Thomas)
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 29 MAY 2018
- ↑ Platt, W.J., R. Carter, G. Nelson, W. Baker, S. Hermann, J. Kane, L. Anderson, M. Smith, K. Robertson. 2021. Unpublished species list of Wade Tract old-growth longleaf pine savanna, Thomasville, Georgia.
- ↑ Discoverlife.org [1]
- ↑ Hardin, J.W., Arena, J.M. 1969. Human Poisoning from Native and Cultivated Plants. Duke University Press, Durham, North Carolina.
