Difference between revisions of "Symphyotrichum urophyllum"
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<!-- Get the taxonomy information from the NRCS Plants database --> | <!-- Get the taxonomy information from the NRCS Plants database --> | ||
{{taxobox | {{taxobox | ||
| − | | name = | + | | name = Symphyotrichum urophyllum |
| − | | image = | + | | image = Symphyotrichum urophyllum_IWF.jpg |
| − | | image_caption = Photo by | + | | image_caption = Photo by John Hilty hosted at [http://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/savanna/plants/wh_arrowleaf.html IllinoisWildflowers.info] |
| regnum = Plantae | | regnum = Plantae | ||
| divisio = Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants | | divisio = Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants | ||
| − | | classis = | + | | classis = Magnoliopsida - Dicots |
| − | | ordo = | + | | ordo = Asterales |
| − | | familia = | + | | familia = Asteraceae |
| − | | genus = '' | + | | genus = ''Symphyotrichum'' |
| − | | species = ''''' | + | | species = '''''S. urophyllum''''' |
| − | | binomial = '' | + | | binomial = ''Symphyotrichum urophyllum'' |
| − | | binomial_authority = | + | | binomial_authority = (Lindl.) G.L. Nesom |
| − | | range_map = | + | | range_map = SYMP_UROP_DIST.JPG |
| − | | range_map_caption = Natural range of '' | + | | range_map_caption = Natural range of ''Symphyotrichum urophyllum'' from USDA NRCS [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=SYUR Plants Database]. |
}} | }} | ||
| + | Common Name(s): white arrowleaf aster<ref name="Weakley 2015">Weakley AS (2015) Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Herbarium.</ref><ref name="USDA">USDA NRCS (2016) The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 12 January 2018). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
==Taxonomic Notes== | ==Taxonomic Notes== | ||
| − | ==Description== | + | Synonym(s): ''Aster sagittifolius'' Wedemeyer ex Willendow; ''A. urophyllus'' Lindley ex A.P. de Candolle''.<ref>Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draf of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> |
| − | <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | + | |
| + | ==Description== <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | ||
| + | ''Symphyotrichum urophyllum'' is a dioecious perennial forb/herb.<ref name="USDA"/> It prefers dry sandy loamy soils and produces white flowers.<ref name="Ladybird"/> | ||
| + | |||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| + | This species can be found from Maine, south to Florida, westward to Mississippi, and inland to Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, Minnesota and the remaining eastern portion of the United States.<ref name="Weakley 2015"/><ref name="USDA"/> It is also found in the Ontario province of Canada.<ref name="USDA"/> | ||
| + | |||
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| − | < | + | ''S. urophyllum'' occurs in woodlands, savannahs, forest edges, prairies, meadows, oak woods, river banks, and fields.<ref name="Ladybird">Plant database: ''Symphyotrichum urophyllum''. (12 January 2018) Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. URL: https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SYUR</ref><ref name="FSU"> Florida State University Herbarium Database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Kathleen Craddock Burks, R.K. Godfrey, and Richard S. Mitchell. States and counties: Florida: Jackson and Jefferson.</ref> It is also found in disturbed areas including upland hardwood forest remnants, boat ramp areas, clay roadsides, and field tracks.<ref name="FSU"/> |
| + | |||
| + | Associated species: ''Juniperus, Aster oolentangiensis, Schizachyrium scoparium, Quercus velutina, Quercus alba, Agrostis perennans, Prenanthes altissima , Silene stellata, Polygonum virginianum, Solidago ulmifolia'', and ''Andropogon''.<ref name="PH"> Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University accessed using Southeastern Regional Network of Expertise and Collections (SERNEC) data portal. URL: http://sernecportal.org/portal/collections/index.php Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: Ann Newbold. States and Counties: Pennsylvania: Montgomery.</ref><ref name="CALVIN"> Calvin College accessed using Southeastern Regional Network of Expertise and Collections (SERNEC) data portal. URL: http://sernecportal.org/portal/collections/index.php Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: David Warners. States and Counties: Michigan: Missaukee.</ref><ref name="ILLS"> Illinois Natural History Survey accessed using Southeastern Regional Network of Expertise and Collections (SERNEC) data portal. URL: http://sernecportal.org/portal/collections/index.php Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: F.M. Harty, Shannon L. Horn, and Loy R. Phillippe. States and Counties: Illinois: Kankakee.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
| + | Flowering occurs in late August through October.<ref name="Weakley 2015"/> | ||
<!--===Seed dispersal===--> | <!--===Seed dispersal===--> | ||
<!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | <!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | < | + | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> |
| − | + | Populations of ''Symphyotrichum urophyllum'' have been known to persist through repeated annual burning.<ref>Platt, W.J., R. Carter, G. Nelson, W. Baker, S. Hermann, J. Kane, L. Anderson, M. Smith, K. Robertson. 2021. Unpublished species list of Wade Tract old-growth longleaf pine savanna, Thomasville, Georgia.</ref> | |
| + | |||
| + | ===Pollination=== | ||
| + | This species is known to attract a variety of butterflies and native bees.<ref name="Ladybird"/> | ||
| + | ===Herbivory and toxicology===<!--Common herbivores, granivory, insect hosting, poisonous chemicals, allelopathy, etc--> | ||
<!--==Diseases and parasites==--> | <!--==Diseases and parasites==--> | ||
| − | ==Conservation and | + | ==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration== |
| + | |||
| + | ==Cultural use== | ||
| − | |||
==Photo Gallery== | ==Photo Gallery== | ||
<gallery widths=180px> | <gallery widths=180px> | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
==References and notes== | ==References and notes== | ||
Latest revision as of 13:25, 15 July 2022
| Symphyotrichum urophyllum | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by John Hilty hosted at IllinoisWildflowers.info | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida - Dicots |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Genus: | Symphyotrichum |
| Species: | S. urophyllum |
| Binomial name | |
| Symphyotrichum urophyllum (Lindl.) G.L. Nesom | |
| |
| Natural range of Symphyotrichum urophyllum from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common Name(s): white arrowleaf aster[1][2]
Contents
Taxonomic Notes
Synonym(s): Aster sagittifolius Wedemeyer ex Willendow; A. urophyllus Lindley ex A.P. de Candolle.[3]
Description
Symphyotrichum urophyllum is a dioecious perennial forb/herb.[2] It prefers dry sandy loamy soils and produces white flowers.[4]
Distribution
This species can be found from Maine, south to Florida, westward to Mississippi, and inland to Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, Minnesota and the remaining eastern portion of the United States.[1][2] It is also found in the Ontario province of Canada.[2]
Ecology
Habitat
S. urophyllum occurs in woodlands, savannahs, forest edges, prairies, meadows, oak woods, river banks, and fields.[4][5] It is also found in disturbed areas including upland hardwood forest remnants, boat ramp areas, clay roadsides, and field tracks.[5]
Associated species: Juniperus, Aster oolentangiensis, Schizachyrium scoparium, Quercus velutina, Quercus alba, Agrostis perennans, Prenanthes altissima , Silene stellata, Polygonum virginianum, Solidago ulmifolia, and Andropogon.[6][7][8]
Phenology
Flowering occurs in late August through October.[1]
Fire ecology
Populations of Symphyotrichum urophyllum have been known to persist through repeated annual burning.[9]
Pollination
This species is known to attract a variety of butterflies and native bees.[4]
Herbivory and toxicology
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
Cultural use
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Weakley AS (2015) Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Herbarium.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 USDA NRCS (2016) The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 12 January 2018). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA.
- ↑ Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draf of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Plant database: Symphyotrichum urophyllum. (12 January 2018) Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. URL: https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SYUR
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Florida State University Herbarium Database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Kathleen Craddock Burks, R.K. Godfrey, and Richard S. Mitchell. States and counties: Florida: Jackson and Jefferson.
- ↑ Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University accessed using Southeastern Regional Network of Expertise and Collections (SERNEC) data portal. URL: http://sernecportal.org/portal/collections/index.php Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: Ann Newbold. States and Counties: Pennsylvania: Montgomery.
- ↑ Calvin College accessed using Southeastern Regional Network of Expertise and Collections (SERNEC) data portal. URL: http://sernecportal.org/portal/collections/index.php Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: David Warners. States and Counties: Michigan: Missaukee.
- ↑ Illinois Natural History Survey accessed using Southeastern Regional Network of Expertise and Collections (SERNEC) data portal. URL: http://sernecportal.org/portal/collections/index.php Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: F.M. Harty, Shannon L. Horn, and Loy R. Phillippe. States and Counties: Illinois: Kankakee.
- ↑ Platt, W.J., R. Carter, G. Nelson, W. Baker, S. Hermann, J. Kane, L. Anderson, M. Smith, K. Robertson. 2021. Unpublished species list of Wade Tract old-growth longleaf pine savanna, Thomasville, Georgia.
