Difference between revisions of "Dioscorea floridana"
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| − | Common name: Florida yam | + | Common name: Florida yam, Florida wild yam |
==Taxonomic notes== | ==Taxonomic notes== | ||
| − | Synonym: ''Dioscorea villosa'' L. var. ''floridana'' (Bartlett) H.E. Ahles | + | Synonym: ''Dioscorea villosa'' L. var. ''floridana'' (Bartlett) H.E. Ahles<ref name=weakley>Weakley, A.S. 2020. Flora of the Southeastern United States. Edition of 20 October 2020. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> |
| + | |||
| + | Varieties: none<ref name=weakley/> | ||
| + | |||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | ||
| − | A description of ''Dioscorea floridana'' is provided in [http://efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=242101569 The Flora of North America]. | + | A description of ''Dioscorea floridana'' is provided in [http://efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=242101569 The Flora of North America]. ''Dioscorea floridana'' is a perennial herbaceous vine. The University of Florida has provided an accessible online PDF on how to differentiate the several species of yam in Florida. See link provided here: [[http://bcrcl.ifas.ufl.edu/airpotatofiles/PDF/identification%20of%20yams%20in%20Florida.pdf Air Potato PDF]] <ref name=uf> [[http://bcrcl.ifas.ufl.edu/airpotatofiles/PDF/identification%20of%20yams%20in%20Florida.pdf Air Potato PDF]] Accessed: April 22, 2016. </ref> ''D. floridana'' species is distinguished by having the two or three staminate inflorescences when compared to ''D. quaternata'' and ''D. villosa''.<ref name=als> Ihsan A. AL-Shehbaz and Bernice G. Schubert (1810) The Discoreaceae in the Southeastern United States. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 70(1) 57.59</ref> |
| − | ''Dioscorea floridana'' is a perennial herbaceous vine. | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | According to the USDA NRCS website, ''Dioscorea floridana's'' distribution occurs in South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida. <ref name= | + | According to the USDA NRCS website, ''Dioscorea floridana's'' distribution occurs in South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida.<ref name="USDA"> [[http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=DIFL4 USDA NRCS Plant Database]] Access: April 22, 2016. </ref> Most of its native distribution is in Florida, and only southern Georgia and the southwest corner of South Carolina along the coast.<ref>Sorrie, B. A. and A. S. Weakley (2001). "Coastal plain vascular plant endemics: Phytogeographic Patterns." Castanea 66(1/2): 50-82.</ref> Due to its limited range, it is considered vulnerable on the Global Status. <ref name=ns> [[http://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Dioscorea+floridana Nature Serve]] Accessed: April 22, 2016. </ref> |
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| − | ''D. floridana'' | + | Generally, ''D. floridana'' can be found in dry to mesic forests as well as swampy forests.<ref name=weakley/> It has been observed to occur in wet, sandy areas like pond edges, dry slopes, and woodland patches.<ref name=fsu>Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: Robert K. Godfrey and Lisa Keppner. States and Counties: Florida: Washington. Georgia: Thomas.</ref> It has also been found in a coastal hydric hammock and an upland mixed forest in the Waccasassa Bay State Preserve in Levy county, Florida.<ref>Abbott, J. R. and W. S. Judd. (2000). "Floristic inventory of the Waccasassa Bay State Preserve, Levy county, Florida." Rhodora 102(912): 439-513.</ref> This species is also restricted to native growth areas rather than old fields that were abandoned agriculture.<ref>Ostertag, T. E. and K. M. Robertson (2007). A comparison of native versus old-field vegetation in upland pinelands managed with frequent fire, south Georgia, USA. Proceedings of the 23rd Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference: Fire in Grassland and Shrubland Ecosystems, Tallahassee, Tall Timbers Research Station.</ref> |
| + | |||
| + | Associated species: ''Carya glabra'', ''C. tomentosa'', ''Pinus palustris'', ''Cornus florida'', ''Collinsonia anisata'', ''Vaccinium stamineum'' var. ''stamineum'', ''Vaccinium'' sp., ''Quercus falcata'', ''Quercus pumila'', ''Morella cerifera'', ''Rubus cuneifolius'', ''Viburnum rufidulum'', and ''Erianthus'' sp.<ref name= "fsu"/> | ||
===Phenology===<!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology===<!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
| − | ===Seed dispersal=== | + | This species flowers from June to July as well as from August to November.<ref name=weakley/> ''D. floridana'' has been observed flowering in March.<ref>Nelson, G. [http://www.gilnelson.com/ PanFlora]: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 8 DEC 2016</ref> |
| − | ===Seed bank and germination=== | + | <!--===Seed dispersal===--> |
| − | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | + | <!--===Seed bank and germination===--> |
| − | ===Pollination=== | + | <!--===Fire ecology===--> <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> |
| − | === | + | <!--===Pollination===--> |
| − | == | + | <!--===Herbivory and toxicology===--> |
| + | <!--===Diseases and parasites===--> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration== | ||
| + | While it is not listed for any conservation population concerns, ''D. floridana'' has such a limited native range that leads it to be of conservational interest.<ref name= "USDA">USDA, NRCS. (2016). The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 3 May 2019). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA.</ref> | ||
| − | == | + | ==Cultural use== |
| − | |||
==Photo Gallery== | ==Photo Gallery== | ||
<gallery widths=180px> | <gallery widths=180px> | ||
Latest revision as of 15:15, 25 May 2023
| Dioscorea floridana | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by Shirley Denton (Copyrighted, use by photographer’s permission only), Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Liliopsida – Monocotyledons |
| Order: | Liliales |
| Family: | Dioscoreaceae |
| Genus: | Dioscorea |
| Species: | D. floridana |
| Binomial name | |
| Dioscorea floridana Bartlett | |
| |
| Natural range of Dioscorea floridana from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common name: Florida yam, Florida wild yam
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonym: Dioscorea villosa L. var. floridana (Bartlett) H.E. Ahles[1]
Varieties: none[1]
Description
A description of Dioscorea floridana is provided in The Flora of North America. Dioscorea floridana is a perennial herbaceous vine. The University of Florida has provided an accessible online PDF on how to differentiate the several species of yam in Florida. See link provided here: [Air Potato PDF] [2] D. floridana species is distinguished by having the two or three staminate inflorescences when compared to D. quaternata and D. villosa.[3]
Distribution
According to the USDA NRCS website, Dioscorea floridana's distribution occurs in South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida.[4] Most of its native distribution is in Florida, and only southern Georgia and the southwest corner of South Carolina along the coast.[5] Due to its limited range, it is considered vulnerable on the Global Status. [6]
Ecology
Habitat
Generally, D. floridana can be found in dry to mesic forests as well as swampy forests.[1] It has been observed to occur in wet, sandy areas like pond edges, dry slopes, and woodland patches.[7] It has also been found in a coastal hydric hammock and an upland mixed forest in the Waccasassa Bay State Preserve in Levy county, Florida.[8] This species is also restricted to native growth areas rather than old fields that were abandoned agriculture.[9]
Associated species: Carya glabra, C. tomentosa, Pinus palustris, Cornus florida, Collinsonia anisata, Vaccinium stamineum var. stamineum, Vaccinium sp., Quercus falcata, Quercus pumila, Morella cerifera, Rubus cuneifolius, Viburnum rufidulum, and Erianthus sp.[7]
Phenology
This species flowers from June to July as well as from August to November.[1] D. floridana has been observed flowering in March.[10]
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
While it is not listed for any conservation population concerns, D. floridana has such a limited native range that leads it to be of conservational interest.[4]
Cultural use
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Weakley, A.S. 2020. Flora of the Southeastern United States. Edition of 20 October 2020. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- ↑ [Air Potato PDF] Accessed: April 22, 2016.
- ↑ Ihsan A. AL-Shehbaz and Bernice G. Schubert (1810) The Discoreaceae in the Southeastern United States. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 70(1) 57.59
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 [USDA NRCS Plant Database] Access: April 22, 2016. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "USDA" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Sorrie, B. A. and A. S. Weakley (2001). "Coastal plain vascular plant endemics: Phytogeographic Patterns." Castanea 66(1/2): 50-82.
- ↑ [Nature Serve] Accessed: April 22, 2016.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: Robert K. Godfrey and Lisa Keppner. States and Counties: Florida: Washington. Georgia: Thomas.
- ↑ Abbott, J. R. and W. S. Judd. (2000). "Floristic inventory of the Waccasassa Bay State Preserve, Levy county, Florida." Rhodora 102(912): 439-513.
- ↑ Ostertag, T. E. and K. M. Robertson (2007). A comparison of native versus old-field vegetation in upland pinelands managed with frequent fire, south Georgia, USA. Proceedings of the 23rd Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference: Fire in Grassland and Shrubland Ecosystems, Tallahassee, Tall Timbers Research Station.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 8 DEC 2016
