Mikania cordifolia
| Mikania cordifolia | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by Shirley Denton (copyrighted, use by photographer's permission only), Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae ⁄ Compositae |
| Genus: | Mikania |
| Species: | M. cordifolia |
| Binomial name | |
| Mikania cordifolia (L. f.) Willd. | |
| |
| Natural range of Mikania cordifolia from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common names: Florida Keys hempvine; Heartleaf climbing hempweed[1]
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonyms: none.[1]
Varieties: none.[1]
Description
A description of Mikania cordifolia is provided in The Flora of North America.
It can be distinguished from other Mikania by having hexagonally ridged stems.[2] It is not as woody as other lianas and little cork is formed due to a continuous cambium. After being wounded, the ray cells produce a substantial callus that grows onto the peripheral surface of the xylem.[3]
Distribution
M. cordifolia is native to the southeastern United States, Mexico, the West Indies, Central and South America.[4] In the United States, it ranges from southeastern South Carolina and eastern Georgia, south to southern Florida, and west to southern Louisiana.[1]
Ecology
Habitat
In the Coastal Plain in Florida, M. cordifolia can occur in mixed hardwood forests, wooded slopes along rivers, creek bottoms, climbing on shrubs in limestone ledges, live oak hammocks, cabbage palm hammocks, creek banks, and calcareous wooded bluffs. Associated species include Cabbage palm, Pinus palutris, Quercus virginiana, Acer, Liquidambar styraciflua, Thelypteris, Ageratina, and Arnoglossum diversifolium. It has been observed to grow in rich humus soils.[5]
Phenology
This species flowers August through November.[6]
Pollination
The following Hymenoptera species were observed visiting flowers of Mikania cordifolia at the Archbold Biological Station:[7]
Bees from the family Apidae: Bombus impatiens
Plasterer bees from the family Colletidae: Colletes mandibularis, Hylaeus graenicheri, H. schwarzi
Sweat bees from the family Halictidae: Augochlorella aurata, Augochloropsis anonyma, A. metallica, A. sumptuosa, Lasioglossum miniatulus, L. nymphalis
Wasps from the family Leucospididae: Leucospis affinis, L. robertsoni, L. slossonae
Leafcutting bees from the family Megachilidae: Coelioxys mexicana, C. sayi, Megachile albitarsis, M. brevis pseudobrevis, M. mendica, M. xylocopoides
Thread-waisted bees from the family Sphecidae: Bicyrtes quadrifasciata, Crabro hilaris rufibasis, Ectemnius rufipes ais, Isodontia exornata, Oxybelus laetus fulvipes
Wasps from the family Vespidae: Eumenes fraternus, E. smithii, Leptochilus republicanus, Pachodynerus erynnis, Polistes bellicosus, P. dorsalis hunteri, Polistes perplexus, Stenodynerus fundatiformis, S. histrionalis rufustus, S. lineatifrons, S. pulvinatus surrufus, Zethus slossonae, Z. spinipes
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
Cultural use
In Brazil, it is popularly known as "guaco" and is used to treat respiratory problems and snake bites. It is known to contain diterpenes, sesquiterpenes and phenylproanoids which have therapeutic affects.[8] In Surinam, it is used to treat measles and French Guinana is used to treat skin rashes and scabies.[9]
Photo Gallery
References and notes
Nauman, C. E. (1981). "A Re-Examination of Mikania Willd. (Compositae) in Florida." Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 108(4): 467-471.
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- ↑ Holmes, W. C. 1993. The genus Mikania (Compositae: Eupatorieae) in the Greater Antilles. Sida, Botanical Miscellany 9: 1-69.
- ↑ Dobbins, D. R. and J. B. Fisher (1986). "Wound Responses in Girdled Stems of Lianas." Botanical Gazette 147(3): 278-289.
- ↑ [[1]] Fresh from Florida Accessed: February 10, 2016
- ↑ Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: October 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, George R. Cooley, Patricia Elliott, Angus Gholson, R.K. Godfrey, N.C. Henderson, Sidney McDaniel. States and Counties: Florida: Citrus, Clay, Columbia, Flagler, Gadsden, Hernando, Jackson, Levy, Liberty, Suwannee. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 19 MAY 2021
- ↑ Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.
- ↑ de Oliveira, P. A., L. E. Gregorio, et al. (2007). "Comparative analysis of sesquiterpene lactones from Mikania cordifolia collected from three different location." Chemistry of Natural Compounds 43(2).
- ↑ [[2]]Encyclopedia of Life Accessed: February 10, 2016
