Difference between revisions of "Solidago fistulosa"

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===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers.  Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ -->
 
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers.  Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ -->
''S. fistula'' spreads by rhizomes along with sexual reproduction. It is a monecious species. Flowers in September through October and fruits in October<ref name="fsu"/>.
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''S. fistulosa'' spreads by rhizomes along with sexual reproduction. It is a monecious species. Flowers in September through October and fruits in October<ref name="fsu"/>.
 
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===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses-->
 
===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses-->
 
''S. fistulosa'' has been observed growing in a recently burned pineland bay forest and an annually burned pine forest<ref name="fsu"/>.
 
''S. fistulosa'' has been observed growing in a recently burned pineland bay forest and an annually burned pine forest<ref name="fsu"/>.

Revision as of 09:40, 17 March 2016

Solidago fistulosa
Soli fist.jpg
Photo by Shirley Denton (Copyrighted, use by photographer’s permission only), Nature Photography by Shirley Denton
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae ⁄ Compositae
Genus: Solidago
Species: S. fistulosa
Binomial name
Solidago fistulosa
Mill.
Soli fist dist.jpg
Natural range of Solidago fistulosa from USDA NRCS Plants Database.

Common name: pine barren goldenrod

Description

A description of Solidago fistulosa is provided in The Flora of North America.

Distribution

Found in the Coastal Plain from Louisiana to New Jersey, however, is primarily concentrated in the southeast coastal plain[1].

Ecology

Habitat

In the Coastal Plain in Florida and Georgia, S. fistulosa occurs in wet hammocks, cabbage palm-slash pine hammocks, slash pine woodlands, lake margins, open ditches bordering swamps, shores of cypress ponds, thickets bordering cypress-gum depressions, floodplain woodlands, brackish marshes, and dried out cypress depressions. It also occurs in disturbed areas such as roadside depressions, black sandy peat of a logged over hillside bog, clear-cut sand pine scrub ridge, old pastures, and a drainage ditch bordering pine flatwoods. Soils include loamy sand, sandy loam, sandy peat, and clay. Associated species include Euthamia minor, Eupatorium, Xyris, Cladium, Rhynchospora fascicularis and Hypericum cistifolium[2].

Phenology

S. fistulosa spreads by rhizomes along with sexual reproduction. It is a monecious species. Flowers in September through October and fruits in October[2].

Fire ecology

S. fistulosa has been observed growing in a recently burned pineland bay forest and an annually burned pine forest[2].

Pollination

The following Hymenoptera families and species were observed visiting flowers of Solidago fistulosa at Archbold Biological Station (Deyrup 2015):

Apidae: Apis mellifera

Colletidae: Colletes mandibularis, C. thysanellae

Halictidae: Augochlorella gratiosa, Halictus poeyi, Sphecodes heraclei

Megachilidae: Coelioxys sayi

Sphecidae: Anacrabro ocellatus, Tachytes validus

Vespidae: Eumenes smithii, Parancistrocerus salcularis rufulus, Polistes dorsalis hunteri, Zethus spinipes

Conservation and Management

S. fistulosa is a perennial weed in blueberry plantations in North Carolina. It is tolerant of terbacil[3].

Cultivation and restoration

Rubber can be made from the latex found in the leaves[4].

Photo Gallery

References and notes

Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.

  1. [[1]]Native Florida Wildflowers. Accessed: March 17, 2016
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: November 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Robt. Blaisdell, A.F. Clewell, Mark A. Garland, Robert K. Godfrey, G.G. Hedgcock, Lisa Keppner, Gary Knight, R. Komarek, Robert Kral, Robert L. Lazor, R.A. Norris, James D. Ray Jr., Paul L. Redfearn Jr., Annie Schmidt, J.C. Semple, R. Wunderlin. States and Counties: Florida: Baker, Bay, Duval, Franklin, Gulf, Highlands, Hillsborough, Jefferson, Lake, Leon, Levy, Liberty, Okaloosa, Putnam, Santa Rosa, Taylor, Volusia, Wakulla, Walton, Washington. Georgia: Grady, Thomas. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.
  3. Andree, L. G. and J. M. Thomas (1983). "Metabolism of Terbacil in Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) and Goldenrod (Solidago fistulosa)." Weed Science 31(2): 221-225.
  4. [[2]]Accessed: March 16, 2016