Difference between revisions of "Scutellaria multiglandulosa"
(→Conservation and Management) |
Krobertson (talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 25: | Line 25: | ||
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | ||
This description in Radford (1964) came from the synonym listed after the description of ''S. integrifolia var. integrifolia''. | This description in Radford (1964) came from the synonym listed after the description of ''S. integrifolia var. integrifolia''. | ||
| − | "Perennial herbs with quadrangular, erect to ascending stems; stolons absent, or present and underground. Leaves sessile or petiolate. Racemes bracteate, often paniculate. Calyx zygomorphic, 2-lobed, the upper lobe crested, very small in flower and enlarging in fruit; corolla zygomorphic , upper lip galeate, 3-lobed, lower lip unlobed, usually white in the throat. The blue-flowered species occasionally have white flowered forms. Stamens 4, exserted; stigma 2-parted. Mericarps dark brown to black, closely set with tubercles or papillae in somewhat concentric rings, rounded, often somewhat flattened." | + | "Perennial herbs with quadrangular, erect to ascending stems; stolons absent, or present and underground. Leaves sessile or petiolate. Racemes bracteate, often paniculate. Calyx zygomorphic, 2-lobed, the upper lobe crested, very small in flower and enlarging in fruit; corolla zygomorphic , upper lip galeate, 3-lobed, lower lip unlobed, usually white in the throat. The blue-flowered species occasionally have white flowered forms. Stamens 4, exserted; stigma 2-parted. Mericarps dark brown to black, closely set with tubercles or papillae in somewhat concentric rings, rounded, often somewhat flattened." <ref name="Radford et al 1964">Radford, Albert E., Harry E. Ahles, and C. Ritchie Bell. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. 1964, 1968. The University of North Carolina Press. 902. Print.</ref> |
| − | "Plant not stoloniferous, forming clumps of 1-several stems. Stems erect, 1.5-8 dm tall, simple or branched above, pubescent. Lowest leaves triangular-ovate, 0.7-3.5 cm long, 0.2-2 cm wide, obtuse or acute, crenate, base truncate to widely cuneate; petioles 0.8-2.5 cm long. Upper leaves lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 2.5-6 cm long, acute or obtuse, entire to remotely crenate, base cuneate to attenuate; petioles 0-10 mm long, mostly obscured by blade tissue. Racemes 1-5 rarely more, terminating the stems, 0.3-2 dm long. Lowest bracts often leafy, reduced rapidly upward. Calyx 2.5-3 mm long in flower, 6-8 mm in fruit; corolla blue to violet, 1.3-2.5 cm long. Mericarps dark brown, tuberculate, the tubercles with broad apices, 1-1.5 mm long." | + | "Plant not stoloniferous, forming clumps of 1-several stems. Stems erect, 1.5-8 dm tall, simple or branched above, pubescent. Lowest leaves triangular-ovate, 0.7-3.5 cm long, 0.2-2 cm wide, obtuse or acute, crenate, base truncate to widely cuneate; petioles 0.8-2.5 cm long. Upper leaves lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 2.5-6 cm long, acute or obtuse, entire to remotely crenate, base cuneate to attenuate; petioles 0-10 mm long, mostly obscured by blade tissue. Racemes 1-5 rarely more, terminating the stems, 0.3-2 dm long. Lowest bracts often leafy, reduced rapidly upward. Calyx 2.5-3 mm long in flower, 6-8 mm in fruit; corolla blue to violet, 1.3-2.5 cm long. Mericarps dark brown, tuberculate, the tubercles with broad apices, 1-1.5 mm long." <ref name="Radford et al 1964"/> |
| − | "Stems canescent." | + | "Stems canescent." <ref name="Radford et al 1964"/> |
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| − | In the Coastal Plain in Florida, ''S. multiglandulosa'' can be found in open pine-turkey oak flatwoods, recently burned scrubs, pine flatwoods, longleaf pine-turkey oak hills, sandridges, upland pine-oak woodlands, open oak-hickory, longleaf pine-wiregrass ridges, annually burned savannas, and longleaf pine forests | + | In the Coastal Plain in Florida, ''S. multiglandulosa'' can be found in open pine-turkey oak flatwoods, recently burned scrubs, pine flatwoods, longleaf pine-turkey oak hills, sandridges, upland pine-oak woodlands, open oak-hickory, longleaf pine-wiregrass ridges, annually burned savannas, and longleaf pine forests. <ref name="FSU Herbarium">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Robert Kral, Robert K. Godfrey, R. D. Houk, D. B. Ward, Rodie White, Walter Kittredge, Roy Komarek. States and Counties: Florida: Citrus, Dixie, Gadsden, Jefferson, Lafayette, Leon, Levy, Madison, Nassau, Taylor, Wakulla. Georgia: Grady. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.</ref> It can also be found in roadside depressions, hiking trails in pine-oak woodlands, railroad gravel, cut and burned longleaf pine flatwoods, road banks, powerline corridors, fallow quail food patches, and cleared longleaf pine-scrub oaks. Associated species include ''Baptisia laceolata, Eupatorium capillifolium, Rubus cuneifoloum, Quercus geminata, Q. incana, Q. hemisphaerica, Sericocarpus tortifolius, Smilax auriculata, Polypremum procumbens, Serenoa repens, Rhus copallina, Helianthemum, Penstemon australis, Stylodon, Coreopsis'', poison oak, and braken fern. <ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> |
| − | Sands include loamy sand, loamy soil, gravel and sandy soil | + | Sands include loamy sand, loamy soil, gravel and sandy soil. <ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> |
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
| − | Flowering and fruiting occurs April through September | + | Flowering and fruiting occurs April through September. <ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> |
<!--===Seed dispersal===--> | <!--===Seed dispersal===--> | ||
<!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | <!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | ||
| Line 55: | Line 55: | ||
==References and notes== | ==References and notes== | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
Revision as of 14:54, 8 August 2016
| Scutellaria multiglandulosa | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo taken by Gil Nelson | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Lamiaceae ⁄ Labiatae |
| Genus: | Scutellaria |
| Species: | S. multiglandulosa |
| Binomial name | |
| Scutellaria multiglandulosa (Kearney) Small ex Harper | |
| |
| Natural range of Scutellaria multiglandulosa from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common name: Small's skullcap
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonym: Scutellaria integrifolia Linnaeus var. multiglandulosa Kearney
Description
This description in Radford (1964) came from the synonym listed after the description of S. integrifolia var. integrifolia. "Perennial herbs with quadrangular, erect to ascending stems; stolons absent, or present and underground. Leaves sessile or petiolate. Racemes bracteate, often paniculate. Calyx zygomorphic, 2-lobed, the upper lobe crested, very small in flower and enlarging in fruit; corolla zygomorphic , upper lip galeate, 3-lobed, lower lip unlobed, usually white in the throat. The blue-flowered species occasionally have white flowered forms. Stamens 4, exserted; stigma 2-parted. Mericarps dark brown to black, closely set with tubercles or papillae in somewhat concentric rings, rounded, often somewhat flattened." [1]
"Plant not stoloniferous, forming clumps of 1-several stems. Stems erect, 1.5-8 dm tall, simple or branched above, pubescent. Lowest leaves triangular-ovate, 0.7-3.5 cm long, 0.2-2 cm wide, obtuse or acute, crenate, base truncate to widely cuneate; petioles 0.8-2.5 cm long. Upper leaves lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 2.5-6 cm long, acute or obtuse, entire to remotely crenate, base cuneate to attenuate; petioles 0-10 mm long, mostly obscured by blade tissue. Racemes 1-5 rarely more, terminating the stems, 0.3-2 dm long. Lowest bracts often leafy, reduced rapidly upward. Calyx 2.5-3 mm long in flower, 6-8 mm in fruit; corolla blue to violet, 1.3-2.5 cm long. Mericarps dark brown, tuberculate, the tubercles with broad apices, 1-1.5 mm long." [1]
"Stems canescent." [1]
Distribution
Ecology
Habitat
In the Coastal Plain in Florida, S. multiglandulosa can be found in open pine-turkey oak flatwoods, recently burned scrubs, pine flatwoods, longleaf pine-turkey oak hills, sandridges, upland pine-oak woodlands, open oak-hickory, longleaf pine-wiregrass ridges, annually burned savannas, and longleaf pine forests. [2] It can also be found in roadside depressions, hiking trails in pine-oak woodlands, railroad gravel, cut and burned longleaf pine flatwoods, road banks, powerline corridors, fallow quail food patches, and cleared longleaf pine-scrub oaks. Associated species include Baptisia laceolata, Eupatorium capillifolium, Rubus cuneifoloum, Quercus geminata, Q. incana, Q. hemisphaerica, Sericocarpus tortifolius, Smilax auriculata, Polypremum procumbens, Serenoa repens, Rhus copallina, Helianthemum, Penstemon australis, Stylodon, Coreopsis, poison oak, and braken fern. [2]
Sands include loamy sand, loamy soil, gravel and sandy soil. [2]
Phenology
Flowering and fruiting occurs April through September. [2]
Conservation and management
Cultivation and restoration
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Radford, Albert E., Harry E. Ahles, and C. Ritchie Bell. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. 1964, 1968. The University of North Carolina Press. 902. Print.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Robert Kral, Robert K. Godfrey, R. D. Houk, D. B. Ward, Rodie White, Walter Kittredge, Roy Komarek. States and Counties: Florida: Citrus, Dixie, Gadsden, Jefferson, Lafayette, Leon, Levy, Madison, Nassau, Taylor, Wakulla. Georgia: Grady. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.
