Difference between revisions of "Scleria reticularis"
Rwagner914 (talk | contribs) (→Seed bank and germination) |
HaleighJoM (talk | contribs) (→Ecology) |
||
| (17 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown) | |||
| Line 20: | Line 20: | ||
Common name: Netted nutrush | Common name: Netted nutrush | ||
==Taxonomic notes== | ==Taxonomic notes== | ||
| − | Synonym: | + | Synonym: None |
| + | |||
| + | Varieties: None. | ||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| Line 27: | Line 29: | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| + | ''Scleria reticularis'' is widespread across the southeastern Coastal Plain, and there are disjunct populations in the Great Lakes Region.<ref>Sorrie, B. A. and A. S. Weakley 2001. Coastal Plain valcular plant endemics: Phytogeographic patterns. Castanea 66: 50-82.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| − | In the Coastal Plain in Florida, ''S. reticularis'' can be found in wet, mesic and dry savannas, pine-wiregrass savannas, depression marshes, mesic mixed hardwoods, shores of natural ponds, seepage bogs, wet pine thickets, lake shores, dried up ponds, interdune ponds, swamps, and pine flatwoods. <ref name="FSU Herbarium">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Steve Mortellaro, C. Jackson, Robert Kral, __Kral, R.K. Godfrey, Gary R. Knight, William P. Adams, S. M. Tracy, Robert J Lemaire, Richard D. Houk, Grady W. Reinert, John B. Nelson, R. F. Thorne, R. A. Davidson, R. F. Doren, Cecil R Slaughter, Dianne Hall, A. Clewell. States and Counties: Florida: Alachua, Bay, Brevard, Broward, Calhoun, Clay, Duval, Franklin, Gadsden, Gilchrist, Gulf, Hernando, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Levy, Liberty, Manatee, Marion, Okaloosa, Orange, Osceola, Palm Beach, Putnam, Sarasota, Seminole, St. Lucie, Taylor, Wakulla, Walton, Washington. Country: Honduras. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.</ref> <ref name="Walker and Peet 1983">Walker, J. and R. K. Peet. 1983. Composition and species diversity of pine-wiregrass savannas of the Green Swamp, North Carolina. Vegetatio 55:163-179.</ref> It can also be found in unnatural ponds, roadside ditches, powerline corridors, clobbered wet flatwoods, hiking trails, sandy fields, borrowpits, choppped up savannas, swampy woodland clearings, and logged flatwoods. The historical range includes Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Massachusetts, New York and Missouri and is considered rare species associated with depression wetlands in the southeastern Coastal Plain. <ref name="Edwards and Weakley 2001">Edwards, A. L. and A. S. Weakley. 2001. Population biology and management of rare plants in depression wetlands of the southeastern coastal plain, USA. Natural Areas Journal 21:12-35.</ref> | + | In the Coastal Plain in Florida, ''S. reticularis'' can be found in wet, mesic and dry savannas, pine-wiregrass savannas, depression marshes, mesic mixed hardwoods, shores of natural ponds, seepage bogs, wet pine thickets, lake shores, dried up ponds, interdune ponds, swamps, and pine flatwoods.<ref name="FSU Herbarium">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Steve Mortellaro, C. Jackson, Robert Kral, __Kral, R.K. Godfrey, Gary R. Knight, William P. Adams, S. M. Tracy, Robert J Lemaire, Richard D. Houk, Grady W. Reinert, John B. Nelson, R. F. Thorne, R. A. Davidson, R. F. Doren, Cecil R Slaughter, Dianne Hall, A. Clewell. States and Counties: Florida: Alachua, Bay, Brevard, Broward, Calhoun, Clay, Duval, Franklin, Gadsden, Gilchrist, Gulf, Hernando, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Levy, Liberty, Manatee, Marion, Okaloosa, Orange, Osceola, Palm Beach, Putnam, Sarasota, Seminole, St. Lucie, Taylor, Wakulla, Walton, Washington. Country: Honduras. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.</ref><ref name="Walker and Peet 1983">Walker, J. and R. K. Peet. 1983. Composition and species diversity of pine-wiregrass savannas of the Green Swamp, North Carolina. Vegetatio 55:163-179.</ref> It can also be found in unnatural ponds, roadside ditches, powerline corridors, clobbered wet flatwoods, hiking trails, sandy fields, borrowpits, choppped up savannas, swampy woodland clearings, and logged flatwoods. The historical range includes Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Massachusetts, New York and Missouri and is considered rare species associated with depression wetlands in the southeastern Coastal Plain.<ref name="Edwards and Weakley 2001">Edwards, A. L. and A. S. Weakley. 2001. Population biology and management of rare plants in depression wetlands of the southeastern coastal plain, USA. Natural Areas Journal 21:12-35.</ref> |
| − | Associated species include ''Eleocharis equisetoides, Nymphaea, Rhynchospora, Panicum, Juncus, Xyris, Sagittaria isoetiformis, Lachnocaulon, Pinguicula'', bahiagrass, bermudagrass, ''Rhynchospora oligantha, Cuphea aspera, Verbesina chapmanii, Magnolia, Nyssa, Pinckneya, Liquidambar, Quercus, Scleria verticillata, Anthaenantia, Pleea, Drosera, Macbridea alba, Phyla'' and ''Cyperus.'' <ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> | + | Associated species include ''Eleocharis equisetoides, Nymphaea, Rhynchospora, Panicum, Juncus, Xyris, Sagittaria isoetiformis, Lachnocaulon, Pinguicula'', bahiagrass, bermudagrass, ''Rhynchospora oligantha, Cuphea aspera, Verbesina chapmanii, Magnolia, Nyssa, Pinckneya, Liquidambar, Quercus, Scleria verticillata, Anthaenantia, Pleea, Drosera, Macbridea alba, Phyla'' and ''Cyperus.''<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> |
| − | Soils include sandy peat and loamy sand. <ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> | + | Soils include sandy peat and loamy sand.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> |
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
| − | + | This species is considered to be a short lived plant.<ref name="Hinmann and Brewer 2007"/> It has been observed to flower from August to September<ref>Nelson, G. [http://www.gilnelson.com/ PanFlora]: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 19 MAY 2021</ref>, and fruits June through November.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> | |
| − | |||
<!--===Seed dispersal===--> | <!--===Seed dispersal===--> | ||
| + | |||
===Seed bank and germination=== | ===Seed bank and germination=== | ||
| − | It is present in the seed bank in depression wetlands of the southeastern coastal plains from Virginia to the Florida panhandle. <ref name="Edwards and Weakley 2001"/> S. reticularis | + | It is present in the seed bank in depression wetlands of the southeastern coastal plains from Virginia to the Florida panhandle.<ref name="Edwards and Weakley 2001"/> ''S. reticularis'' was also found in the seed bank and fields of depression-meadow Carolina bays in south central South Carolina.<ref>Kirkman, L. K. and R. R. Sharitz 1994. Vegetation disturbance and maintenance of diversity in intermittently flooded Carolina bays in South Carolina. Ecological Applications 4 (1):177-188.</ref> |
| + | |||
| + | An early 2000s study found that while ''D. breviolia'' is found in the seed beds of pine flatwoods soils, it is absent from the seed banks in soils of old agricultural fields.<ref name= Jenkins> Jenkins, Amy Miller. Seed banking and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in pasture restoration in central Florida. University of Florida. 2003.</ref> | ||
===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ||
| − | ''S. reticularis'' was one of the several species to increase in frequency from significant change (from pre-fire to post-fire). <ref name="Hinmann and Brewer 2007">Hinmann, S. E. and J. S. Brewer. 2007. Responses of two frequently-burned wet pine savannas to an extended period without fire. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 134:512-526.</ref> “''S. reticularis'' produced greater numbers of flowering stalks in second post-fire census than in the pre-fire census.” <ref name="Hinmann and Brewer 2007"/> | + | ''S. reticularis'' was one of the several species to increase in frequency from significant change (from pre-fire to post-fire).<ref name="Hinmann and Brewer 2007">Hinmann, S. E. and J. S. Brewer. 2007. Responses of two frequently-burned wet pine savannas to an extended period without fire. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 134:512-526.</ref> “''S. reticularis'' produced greater numbers of flowering stalks in second post-fire census than in the pre-fire census.”<ref name="Hinmann and Brewer 2007"/> Populations of ''Scleria reticularis'' have been known to persist through repeated annual burns.<ref>Robertson, K.M. Unpublished data collected from Pebble Hill Fire Plots, Pebble Hill Plantation, Thomasville, Georgia.</ref> |
<!--===Pollination===--> | <!--===Pollination===--> | ||
| − | <!--=== | + | <!--===Herbivory and toxicology===<!--Common herbivores, granivory, insect hosting, poisonous chemicals, allelopathy, etc--> |
<!--===Diseases and parasites===--> | <!--===Diseases and parasites===--> | ||
| − | ==Conservation and | + | |
| − | == | + | ==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration== |
| + | |||
| + | ==Cultural use== | ||
| + | |||
==Photo Gallery== | ==Photo Gallery== | ||
<gallery widths=180px> | <gallery widths=180px> | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
==References and notes== | ==References and notes== | ||
Latest revision as of 12:03, 15 July 2022
| Scleria reticularis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by Betty Wargo, Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants |
| Class: | Liliopsida – Monocotyledons |
| Order: | Cyperales |
| Family: | Cyperaceae |
| Genus: | Scleria |
| Species: | S. reticularis |
| Binomial name | |
| Scleria reticularis Michx. | |
| |
| Natural range of Scleria reticularis from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common name: Netted nutrush
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonym: None
Varieties: None.
Description
A description of Scleria reticularis is provided in The Flora of North America.
Distribution
Scleria reticularis is widespread across the southeastern Coastal Plain, and there are disjunct populations in the Great Lakes Region.[1]
Ecology
Habitat
In the Coastal Plain in Florida, S. reticularis can be found in wet, mesic and dry savannas, pine-wiregrass savannas, depression marshes, mesic mixed hardwoods, shores of natural ponds, seepage bogs, wet pine thickets, lake shores, dried up ponds, interdune ponds, swamps, and pine flatwoods.[2][3] It can also be found in unnatural ponds, roadside ditches, powerline corridors, clobbered wet flatwoods, hiking trails, sandy fields, borrowpits, choppped up savannas, swampy woodland clearings, and logged flatwoods. The historical range includes Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Massachusetts, New York and Missouri and is considered rare species associated with depression wetlands in the southeastern Coastal Plain.[4]
Associated species include Eleocharis equisetoides, Nymphaea, Rhynchospora, Panicum, Juncus, Xyris, Sagittaria isoetiformis, Lachnocaulon, Pinguicula, bahiagrass, bermudagrass, Rhynchospora oligantha, Cuphea aspera, Verbesina chapmanii, Magnolia, Nyssa, Pinckneya, Liquidambar, Quercus, Scleria verticillata, Anthaenantia, Pleea, Drosera, Macbridea alba, Phyla and Cyperus.[2]
Soils include sandy peat and loamy sand.[2]
Phenology
This species is considered to be a short lived plant.[5] It has been observed to flower from August to September[6], and fruits June through November.[2]
Seed bank and germination
It is present in the seed bank in depression wetlands of the southeastern coastal plains from Virginia to the Florida panhandle.[4] S. reticularis was also found in the seed bank and fields of depression-meadow Carolina bays in south central South Carolina.[7]
An early 2000s study found that while D. breviolia is found in the seed beds of pine flatwoods soils, it is absent from the seed banks in soils of old agricultural fields.[8]
Fire ecology
S. reticularis was one of the several species to increase in frequency from significant change (from pre-fire to post-fire).[5] “S. reticularis produced greater numbers of flowering stalks in second post-fire census than in the pre-fire census.”[5] Populations of Scleria reticularis have been known to persist through repeated annual burns.[9]
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
Cultural use
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ Sorrie, B. A. and A. S. Weakley 2001. Coastal Plain valcular plant endemics: Phytogeographic patterns. Castanea 66: 50-82.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Steve Mortellaro, C. Jackson, Robert Kral, __Kral, R.K. Godfrey, Gary R. Knight, William P. Adams, S. M. Tracy, Robert J Lemaire, Richard D. Houk, Grady W. Reinert, John B. Nelson, R. F. Thorne, R. A. Davidson, R. F. Doren, Cecil R Slaughter, Dianne Hall, A. Clewell. States and Counties: Florida: Alachua, Bay, Brevard, Broward, Calhoun, Clay, Duval, Franklin, Gadsden, Gilchrist, Gulf, Hernando, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Levy, Liberty, Manatee, Marion, Okaloosa, Orange, Osceola, Palm Beach, Putnam, Sarasota, Seminole, St. Lucie, Taylor, Wakulla, Walton, Washington. Country: Honduras. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.
- ↑ Walker, J. and R. K. Peet. 1983. Composition and species diversity of pine-wiregrass savannas of the Green Swamp, North Carolina. Vegetatio 55:163-179.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Edwards, A. L. and A. S. Weakley. 2001. Population biology and management of rare plants in depression wetlands of the southeastern coastal plain, USA. Natural Areas Journal 21:12-35.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Hinmann, S. E. and J. S. Brewer. 2007. Responses of two frequently-burned wet pine savannas to an extended period without fire. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 134:512-526.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 19 MAY 2021
- ↑ Kirkman, L. K. and R. R. Sharitz 1994. Vegetation disturbance and maintenance of diversity in intermittently flooded Carolina bays in South Carolina. Ecological Applications 4 (1):177-188.
- ↑ Jenkins, Amy Miller. Seed banking and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in pasture restoration in central Florida. University of Florida. 2003.
- ↑ Robertson, K.M. Unpublished data collected from Pebble Hill Fire Plots, Pebble Hill Plantation, Thomasville, Georgia.
