Difference between revisions of "Polystichum acrostichoides"
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Common name: Christmas fern | Common name: Christmas fern | ||
==Taxonomic notes== | ==Taxonomic notes== | ||
| − | Synonyms: ''Polystichum acrostichoides'' var. ''acrostichoides''; ''P. acrostichoides'' var. ''lonchitoides'' Brook | + | Synonyms: none<ref name=weakley>Weakley, A.S. 2020. Flora of the Southeastern United States. Edition of 20 October 2020. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> |
| + | |||
| + | Varieties: ''Polystichum acrostichoides'' var. ''acrostichoides''; ''P. acrostichoides'' var. ''lonchitoides'' Brook<ref name=weakley/> | ||
| + | |||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | ||
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==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | Dense colonies of ''P. acrostichoides'' tend to be dominant understory species in dense, mixed hardwood forests that are very shady and moist. <ref name=<Carvell et al 1980">Carvell, K.L. 1980. The impact of silvicultural practices on the density, height, and composition of the understory - with special reference to wildlife habitat. West Virginia Forestry Notes 7:17-19.</ref> Associated species include ''Dryopteris ludoviciana, Thelypteris hexagonaptera, Athyrium felix-foemina,'' and ''Solidago flaccidifolia.'' <ref name="FSU Herbarium">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, R.K. Godfrey, Angus Gholson, Wilson Baker, William D. Reese. States and Counties: Florida: Gadsden, Leon, Walton. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.</ref> | + | Dense colonies of ''P. acrostichoides'' tend to be dominant understory species in dense, mixed hardwood forests that are very shady and moist.<ref name=<Carvell et al 1980">Carvell, K.L. 1980. The impact of silvicultural practices on the density, height, and composition of the understory - with special reference to wildlife habitat. West Virginia Forestry Notes 7:17-19.</ref> Associated species include ''Dryopteris ludoviciana, Thelypteris hexagonaptera, Athyrium felix-foemina,'' and ''Solidago flaccidifolia.''<ref name="FSU Herbarium">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, R.K. Godfrey, Angus Gholson, Wilson Baker, William D. Reese. States and Counties: Florida: Gadsden, Leon, Walton. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.</ref> |
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| − | In the Coastal Plain in Florida, ''P. acrostichoides'' can be found in hardwoods, gulches, deciduous woodlands, and mesic hammocks. <ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> Associated species include trillium, ''Dryopteris ludoviciana, Thelypteris hexagonoptera, Athyrium'', and ''Solidago flaccidifolia.'' <ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> | + | In the Coastal Plain in Florida, ''P. acrostichoides'' can be found in hardwoods, gulches, deciduous woodlands, and mesic hammocks.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> Associated species include trillium, ''Dryopteris ludoviciana, Thelypteris hexagonoptera, Athyrium'', and ''Solidago flaccidifolia.''<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> |
| + | |||
| + | It exhibits no response to soil disturbance by improvement logging in Mississippi.<ref>McComb, W.C. and R.E. Noble. (1982). Response of Understory Vegetation to Improvement Cutting and Physiographic Site in Two Mid-South Forest Stands. Southern Appalachian Botanical Society 47(1):60-77.</ref> | ||
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
| − | Flowers and fruits in February. <ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> | + | Flowers and fruits in February.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> |
| − | |||
<!--===Seed dispersal===--> | <!--===Seed dispersal===--> | ||
<!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | <!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | ||
<!--===Fire ecology===--> <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | <!--===Fire ecology===--> <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ||
<!--===Pollination===--> | <!--===Pollination===--> | ||
| − | <!--=== | + | <!--===Herbivory and toxicology===<!--Common herbivores, granivory, insect hosting, poisonous chemicals, allelopathy, etc--> |
<!--===Diseases and parasites===--> | <!--===Diseases and parasites===--> | ||
| − | |||
| − | == | + | ==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration== |
| + | |||
| + | ==Cultural use== | ||
==Photo Gallery== | ==Photo Gallery== | ||
<gallery widths=180px> | <gallery widths=180px> | ||
Latest revision as of 10:54, 14 July 2023
| Polystichum acrostichoides | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo taken by Gil Nelson | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Pteridophyta – Ferns |
| Class: | Filicopsida |
| Order: | Polypodiales |
| Family: | Dryopteridaceae |
| Genus: | Polystichum |
| Species: | P. acrostichoides |
| Binomial name | |
| Polystichum acrostichoides (Michx.) Schott | |
| |
| Natural range of Polystichum acrostichoides from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common name: Christmas fern
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonyms: none[1]
Varieties: Polystichum acrostichoides var. acrostichoides; P. acrostichoides var. lonchitoides Brook[1]
Description
A description of Polystichum acrostichoides is provided in The Flora of North America.
Distribution
Dense colonies of P. acrostichoides tend to be dominant understory species in dense, mixed hardwood forests that are very shady and moist.[2] Associated species include Dryopteris ludoviciana, Thelypteris hexagonaptera, Athyrium felix-foemina, and Solidago flaccidifolia.[3]
Ecology
Habitat
In the Coastal Plain in Florida, P. acrostichoides can be found in hardwoods, gulches, deciduous woodlands, and mesic hammocks.[3] Associated species include trillium, Dryopteris ludoviciana, Thelypteris hexagonoptera, Athyrium, and Solidago flaccidifolia.[3]
It exhibits no response to soil disturbance by improvement logging in Mississippi.[4]
Phenology
Flowers and fruits in February.[3]
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
Cultural use
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Weakley, A.S. 2020. Flora of the Southeastern United States. Edition of 20 October 2020. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- ↑ Carvell, K.L. 1980. The impact of silvicultural practices on the density, height, and composition of the understory - with special reference to wildlife habitat. West Virginia Forestry Notes 7:17-19.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, R.K. Godfrey, Angus Gholson, Wilson Baker, William D. Reese. States and Counties: Florida: Gadsden, Leon, Walton. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.
- ↑ McComb, W.C. and R.E. Noble. (1982). Response of Understory Vegetation to Improvement Cutting and Physiographic Site in Two Mid-South Forest Stands. Southern Appalachian Botanical Society 47(1):60-77.
