Difference between revisions of "Pinguicula lutea"
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| − | Common name: yellow butterwort <ref name= "USDA Plant Database"/> | + | Common name: yellow butterwort<ref name= "USDA Plant Database"/> |
<!-- Get the taxonomy information from the NRCS Plants database --> | <!-- Get the taxonomy information from the NRCS Plants database --> | ||
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==Taxonomic Notes== | ==Taxonomic Notes== | ||
| − | Synonyms: none | + | Synonyms: none.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> |
| − | Varieties: none | + | Varieties: none.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> |
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | ||
| − | ''P. lutea'' is a perennial | + | ''P. lutea'' is a terrestrial, scapose, perennial herb with a basal rosette. The leaves are rounded and entire, with a cuneate base, 1-6.5 cm long, and 0.8-2 cm wide. There are 1-8 scapes, glandular-pubescent, and 1-5 dm tall. The flower is solitary and ebracteate. The calyx is synsepalous near the base with 5, rarely 4 lobes. It is 4.5-6.5 mm long, glandular-pubescent, lobes 2.5-4.5 mm long. The corolla is yellow, 2-lipped, and 2-3.5 cm long. There are 5 lobes up to 1 cm long, spreading, and tubular throat. The capsules are globose or subglobose, longitudinally dehiscent, 3-4.5 mm in diameter. The seeds are brown, cancellate, oblong, and frequently acute at one end.<ref name="radford">Radford, A. E., Ahles, H. E., & Bell, C. R. (1968). Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.</ref> |
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | ''P. lutea'' | + | ''P. lutea'' ranges from southeastern North Carolina to southern Florida, then west to eastern Louisiana.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> |
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| − | ''P. lutea'' can be found in pine savannas and wet pine flatwoods, mostly in the outer Coastal Plain, rarely extending inland to seepages and sandhill-pocosin ecotones in the fall-line Sandhills of SC. <ref name= "Weakley 2015"> Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium. </ref> Specimens have been collected from wet sands of shrub bog, low swampy ground, borders of a bay, low pine woods, wet prairie, roadside ditch, savanna ecotone, pine savanna, grassy savanna, pine flatwoods, longleaf pine wiregrass ridge, edge of swamp, and open pineland.<ref name = "FSU herbarium"> URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Robert Kral, Robert K. Godrey, C.Jackson, S.R. Harrison, Delzie Demaree, Sidney McDaniel, R.M.S., S.W. Leonard, George Cooley, Joseph Monachino, Kathy Craddock Burks, Steve L. Orzell, Edwin L. Bridges, Luis Almodovvar, Elmar C. Prichard, Grady Reinert, Rosalind Thebaud, O. Lakela, S.C. Hood, Josephine Skehan, R.L. Wilbur, Clarke Hudson, Paul Lemon, W.P Adams, N.C. Henderson, F.S. Earle, Rodie White, Julie Neel, R. Komarek, M. Davis, Thomas E. Miller, Amanda Sang. States and counties: Florida (Liberty, Leon, Walton, Jefferson, Jackson, Gulf, Franklin, Pasco, Levy, martin, Clay, Volusia, Orange, St. Johns, Wakulla, Bay, Calhoun, Polk, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Washingotn) Georgia (Thomas, Grady, Berrien) Mississippi (Leon, Forrest, George, Jackson) North Carolina (Columbus) South Carolina (Charleston) Alabama (Baldwin)</ref> | + | ''P. lutea'' can be found in pine savannas and wet pine flatwoods, mostly in the outer Coastal Plain, rarely extending inland to seepages and sandhill-pocosin ecotones in the fall-line Sandhills of SC.<ref name= "Weakley 2015"> Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium. </ref> Specimens have been collected from wet sands of shrub bog, low swampy ground, borders of a bay, low pine woods, wet prairie, roadside ditch, savanna ecotone, pine savanna, grassy savanna, pine flatwoods, longleaf pine wiregrass ridge, edge of swamp, and open pineland.<ref name = "FSU herbarium"> URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Robert Kral, Robert K. Godrey, C.Jackson, S.R. Harrison, Delzie Demaree, Sidney McDaniel, R.M.S., S.W. Leonard, George Cooley, Joseph Monachino, Kathy Craddock Burks, Steve L. Orzell, Edwin L. Bridges, Luis Almodovvar, Elmar C. Prichard, Grady Reinert, Rosalind Thebaud, O. Lakela, S.C. Hood, Josephine Skehan, R.L. Wilbur, Clarke Hudson, Paul Lemon, W.P Adams, N.C. Henderson, F.S. Earle, Rodie White, Julie Neel, R. Komarek, M. Davis, Thomas E. Miller, Amanda Sang. States and counties: Florida (Liberty, Leon, Walton, Jefferson, Jackson, Gulf, Franklin, Pasco, Levy, martin, Clay, Volusia, Orange, St. Johns, Wakulla, Bay, Calhoun, Polk, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Washingotn) Georgia (Thomas, Grady, Berrien) Mississippi (Leon, Forrest, George, Jackson) North Carolina (Columbus) South Carolina (Charleston) Alabama (Baldwin)</ref> |
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
| − | ''P. lutea'' | + | ''P. lutea'' flowers from late March through May.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> |
<!--===Seed dispersal===--> | <!--===Seed dispersal===--> | ||
<!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | <!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | ||
| + | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ||
| + | ''P.. lutea'' will re-sprout after a fire. It has been observed 40 days after a burn in a mesic pine savanna with a small depression marsh.<ref name ="FFE">Observation by Edwin Bridges in Highlands County, Fl, December 28, 2015, posted to Florida Flora and Ecosystematics Facebook Group. </ref> Populations are known to persist through repeated annual burning.<ref>Platt, W.J., R. Carter, G. Nelson, W. Baker, S. Hermann, J. Kane, L. Anderson, M. Smith, K. Robertson. 2021. Unpublished species list of Wade Tract old-growth longleaf pine savanna, Thomasville, Georgia.</ref> | ||
| + | <!--===Pollination and use by animals===--> | ||
| + | <!--===Herbivory and toxicology===--> <!--Common herbivores, granivory, insect hosting, poisonous chemicals, allelopathy, etc--> | ||
| + | <!--===Diseases and parasites===--> | ||
| − | == | + | ==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration== |
| − | ''P | + | ''P. lutea'' is listed as threatened by the Florida Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services Division of Plant Industry.<ref name= "USDA Plant Database"/> |
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| − | == | + | ==Cultural use== |
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==Photo Gallery== | ==Photo Gallery== | ||
<gallery widths=180px> | <gallery widths=180px> | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
==References and notes== | ==References and notes== | ||
Latest revision as of 08:55, 15 July 2022
Common name: yellow butterwort[1]
| Pinguicula lutea | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by John B hosted at Bluemelon.com/poaceae | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida - Dicots |
| Order: | Schrophulariales |
| Family: | Lentibulariaceae |
| Genus: | Pinguicula |
| Species: | P. lutea |
| Binomial name | |
| Pinguicula lutea Walter | |
| |
| Natural range of Pinguicula lutea from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Contents
Taxonomic Notes
Synonyms: none.[2]
Varieties: none.[2]
Description
P. lutea is a terrestrial, scapose, perennial herb with a basal rosette. The leaves are rounded and entire, with a cuneate base, 1-6.5 cm long, and 0.8-2 cm wide. There are 1-8 scapes, glandular-pubescent, and 1-5 dm tall. The flower is solitary and ebracteate. The calyx is synsepalous near the base with 5, rarely 4 lobes. It is 4.5-6.5 mm long, glandular-pubescent, lobes 2.5-4.5 mm long. The corolla is yellow, 2-lipped, and 2-3.5 cm long. There are 5 lobes up to 1 cm long, spreading, and tubular throat. The capsules are globose or subglobose, longitudinally dehiscent, 3-4.5 mm in diameter. The seeds are brown, cancellate, oblong, and frequently acute at one end.[3]
Distribution
P. lutea ranges from southeastern North Carolina to southern Florida, then west to eastern Louisiana.[2]
Ecology
Habitat
P. lutea can be found in pine savannas and wet pine flatwoods, mostly in the outer Coastal Plain, rarely extending inland to seepages and sandhill-pocosin ecotones in the fall-line Sandhills of SC.[4] Specimens have been collected from wet sands of shrub bog, low swampy ground, borders of a bay, low pine woods, wet prairie, roadside ditch, savanna ecotone, pine savanna, grassy savanna, pine flatwoods, longleaf pine wiregrass ridge, edge of swamp, and open pineland.[5]
Phenology
P. lutea flowers from late March through May.[2]
Fire ecology
P.. lutea will re-sprout after a fire. It has been observed 40 days after a burn in a mesic pine savanna with a small depression marsh.[6] Populations are known to persist through repeated annual burning.[7]
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
P. lutea is listed as threatened by the Florida Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services Division of Plant Industry.[1]
Cultural use
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedUSDA Plant Database - ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- ↑ Radford, A. E., Ahles, H. E., & Bell, C. R. (1968). Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
- ↑ Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.
- ↑ URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Robert Kral, Robert K. Godrey, C.Jackson, S.R. Harrison, Delzie Demaree, Sidney McDaniel, R.M.S., S.W. Leonard, George Cooley, Joseph Monachino, Kathy Craddock Burks, Steve L. Orzell, Edwin L. Bridges, Luis Almodovvar, Elmar C. Prichard, Grady Reinert, Rosalind Thebaud, O. Lakela, S.C. Hood, Josephine Skehan, R.L. Wilbur, Clarke Hudson, Paul Lemon, W.P Adams, N.C. Henderson, F.S. Earle, Rodie White, Julie Neel, R. Komarek, M. Davis, Thomas E. Miller, Amanda Sang. States and counties: Florida (Liberty, Leon, Walton, Jefferson, Jackson, Gulf, Franklin, Pasco, Levy, martin, Clay, Volusia, Orange, St. Johns, Wakulla, Bay, Calhoun, Polk, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Washingotn) Georgia (Thomas, Grady, Berrien) Mississippi (Leon, Forrest, George, Jackson) North Carolina (Columbus) South Carolina (Charleston) Alabama (Baldwin)
- ↑ Observation by Edwin Bridges in Highlands County, Fl, December 28, 2015, posted to Florida Flora and Ecosystematics Facebook Group.
- ↑ Platt, W.J., R. Carter, G. Nelson, W. Baker, S. Hermann, J. Kane, L. Anderson, M. Smith, K. Robertson. 2021. Unpublished species list of Wade Tract old-growth longleaf pine savanna, Thomasville, Georgia.
