Difference between revisions of "Pediomelum canescens"

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Common names: Buckroot; Eastern prairie-turnip; Hoary scurfpea
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Common names: Buckroot; Eastern prairie-turnip; Hoary scurfpea<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref>
 
==Taxonomic notes==
 
==Taxonomic notes==
Synonym: ''Psoralea canescens'' Michx.
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Synonym: ''Psoralea canescens'' Michx.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref>
 +
 
 
==Description==  
 
==Description==  
 
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. -->
 
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. -->
''Pediomelum canescens'' is a perennial herbaceous species with a bushy growth habit,<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> it grows 1 to 3 feet tall with loose spike of dark-blue flowers and 1 to 3 foliolate leaves. <ref name=gra> Graham, E. H. (1941). Legumes for erosion control and wildlife. Washington, USDA </ref>
+
''Pediomelum canescens'' is a perennial herbaceous species with a bushy growth habit,<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> it grows 1 to 3 feet tall with loose spike of dark-blue flowers and 1 to 3 foliolate leaves.<ref name=gra> Graham, E. H. (1941). Legumes for erosion control and wildlife. Washington, USDA </ref>
  
"Perennial herbs, subshrubs or shrubs, more or less postulate-glandular. Leaves odd-pinnate or palmate, (1) 3-5 (7) foliolate, stipules usually persistent. Racemes or spikes pedunculate, axillary and sometimes also terminal; flowers papilionaceous. Calyx persistent, the lowermost lobe the longest or rarely all nearly equal; petals 5, blue-purple or rarely white; stamens 10, rarely 9, diadelphous or weakly monadelphous; ovary sessile or stipitate, usually 1-ovuled. Legume usually not much longer than the calyx, often conspicuously wrinkled, indehiscent or irregularly dehiscent, 1-seeded." <ref name="Radford et al 1964">Radford, Albert E., Harry E. Ahles, and C. Ritchie Bell. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. 1964, 1968. The University of North Carolina Press. 599-601. Print.</ref>
+
"Perennial herbs, subshrubs or shrubs, more or less postulate-glandular. Leaves odd-pinnate or palmate, (1) 3-5 (7) foliolate, stipules usually persistent. Racemes or spikes pedunculate, axillary and sometimes also terminal; flowers papilionaceous. Calyx persistent, the lowermost lobe the longest or rarely all nearly equal; petals 5, blue-purple or rarely white; stamens 10, rarely 9, diadelphous or weakly monadelphous; ovary sessile or stipitate, usually 1-ovuled. Legume usually not much longer than the calyx, often conspicuously wrinkled, indehiscent or irregularly dehiscent, 1-seeded."<ref name="Radford et al 1964">Radford, Albert E., Harry E. Ahles, and C. Ritchie Bell. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. 1964, 1968. The University of North Carolina Press. 599-601. Print.</ref>
  
"Coarsely canescent, perennial herb, 3-10 dm tall, from a subglobose or fusiform root 2.-4 cm thick. Leaves palmately 3-foliolate or the uppermost sometimes 1-foliolate; leaflets elliptic to obovate, mostly 1.5-6 cm long, 1-3 cm wide, eglandular to abundantly but inconspicuously glandular-punctate on both surfaces. Racemes loosely few-flowered, 2-6 cm long; peduncles 2-7 cm long, pedicels 3-6 mm long, each subtended by an ovate bract 4-6 mm long. Calyx appressed to spreading villous; petals blue or violet, 8-15 mm long. Legume ovoid, ca. 1 cm long, dehiscent." <ref name="Radford et al 1964"/>
+
"Coarsely canescent, perennial herb, 3-10 dm tall, from a subglobose or fusiform root 2.-4 cm thick. Leaves palmately 3-foliolate or the uppermost sometimes 1-foliolate; leaflets elliptic to obovate, mostly 1.5-6 cm long, 1-3 cm wide, eglandular to abundantly but inconspicuously glandular-punctate on both surfaces. Racemes loosely few-flowered, 2-6 cm long; peduncles 2-7 cm long, pedicels 3-6 mm long, each subtended by an ovate bract 4-6 mm long. Calyx appressed to spreading villous; petals blue or violet, 8-15 mm long. Legume ovoid, ca. 1 cm long, dehiscent."<ref name="Radford et al 1964"/>
  
 
==Distribution==
 
==Distribution==
 +
This plant is a Southeastern Coastal Plain endemic. It ranges from southeastern Virginia, south to peninsular Florida, Panhandle Florida, and southern Alabama.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref>
 +
 
==Ecology==
 
==Ecology==
 
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.-->
 
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.-->
''P. canescens'' occurs in sandy areas of the Coastal Plain <ref name=gra/> such as longleaf pine-turkey oak sand ridge, secondary longleaf pine-turkey oak sand-hill ridge, longleaf pine-wiregrass sandridge, pine flatwoods, and open sandridges. <ref name="FSU Herbarium">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: June 2014.  Collectors: Robert Kral, Mabel Kral, O. Lakela, R.K. Godfrey, H. R. Reed, Loran C. Anderson, T. MacClendon, K. MacClendon, Cecil Slaughter, Travis Richardson, Steve L. Orzell, E. L. Bridges, A. F. Clewell, Sidney McDaniel, Raymond Athey, Richard D. Houk, Raymond Athey, R. A. Norris, R. Komarek, H. E. Ahles, J. Haesloop, J. R. Burkhalter, LK Kirkman, A. Gholson, D. Wolfe, Annie Schmidt, A. Johnson, and M. Jenkins.  States and Counties:  Florida: Bay, Calhoun, Citrus, Clay,  Dixie, Duval, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Hamilton,  Hernando, Highlands, Hillsborough, Jackson, Leon, Madison, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Suwannee, Taylor, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington.  Georgia: Baker, Lowndes, and Thomas. North Carolina: Hoke. Alabama: Baldwin, Geneva, and Henry.</ref> Has been observed growing on drying sand besides roads in open pine-oak woodlands and dry sandy fields. <ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> Associated species include ''Serenoa repens, Quercus incana, Quercus chapmanii, Quercus laevis, Aristida, Andropogon, Onosmodium'', bahia grass, and ''Diospyros.'' <ref name="FSU Herbarium"/>
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''P. canescens'' occurs in sandy areas of the Coastal Plain<ref name=gra/> such as longleaf pine-turkey oak sand ridge, secondary longleaf pine-turkey oak sand-hill ridge, longleaf pine-wiregrass sandridge, pine flatwoods, and open sandridges.<ref name="FSU Herbarium">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: June 2014.  Collectors: Robert Kral, Mabel Kral, O. Lakela, R.K. Godfrey, H. R. Reed, Loran C. Anderson, T. MacClendon, K. MacClendon, Cecil Slaughter, Travis Richardson, Steve L. Orzell, E. L. Bridges, A. F. Clewell, Sidney McDaniel, Raymond Athey, Richard D. Houk, Raymond Athey, R. A. Norris, R. Komarek, H. E. Ahles, J. Haesloop, J. R. Burkhalter, LK Kirkman, A. Gholson, D. Wolfe, Annie Schmidt, A. Johnson, and M. Jenkins.  States and Counties:  Florida: Bay, Calhoun, Citrus, Clay,  Dixie, Duval, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Hamilton,  Hernando, Highlands, Hillsborough, Jackson, Leon, Madison, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Suwannee, Taylor, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington.  Georgia: Baker, Lowndes, and Thomas. North Carolina: Hoke. Alabama: Baldwin, Geneva, and Henry.</ref> Has been observed growing on drying sand besides roads in open pine-oak woodlands and dry sandy fields.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> Associated species include ''Serenoa repens, Quercus incana, Quercus chapmanii, Quercus laevis, Aristida, Andropogon, Onosmodium'', bahia grass, and ''Diospyros.''<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/>
  
 
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers.  Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ -->
 
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers.  Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ -->
''P. canescens'' has been observed flowering May through October with peak inflorescence in May and June.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/><ref>Nelson, G. [http://www.gilnelson.com/ PanFlora]: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/  Accessed: 12 DEC 2016</ref>
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''P. canescens'' flowers from May through July and fruits from July through October.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref>
  
 
===Seed dispersal===
 
===Seed dispersal===
This species is thought to be dispersed by gravity. <ref>Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.</ref>   
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This species is thought to be dispersed by gravity.<ref>Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.</ref>   
 
<!--===Seed bank and germination===-->
 
<!--===Seed bank and germination===-->
 
<!--===Fire ecology===--> <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses-->
 
<!--===Fire ecology===--> <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses-->
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===Use by animals=== <!--Herbivory, granivory, insect hosting, etc.-->
 
===Use by animals=== <!--Herbivory, granivory, insect hosting, etc.-->
Seeds have been found in bobwhite stomachs. <ref name=gra/>
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Seeds have been found in bobwhite stomachs.<ref name=gra/>
 
<!--===Diseases and parasites===-->
 
<!--===Diseases and parasites===-->
  

Revision as of 11:44, 16 November 2020

Pediomelum canescens
Pedi cane.jpg
Photo by Sara Eoff, Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae ⁄ Leguminosae
Genus: Pediomelum
Species: P. canescens
Binomial name
Pediomelum canescens
(Michx.) Rydb.
PEDI CANE dist.jpg
Natural range of Pediomelum canescens from USDA NRCS Plants Database.

Common names: Buckroot; Eastern prairie-turnip; Hoary scurfpea[1]

Taxonomic notes

Synonym: Psoralea canescens Michx.[1]

Description

Pediomelum canescens is a perennial herbaceous species with a bushy growth habit,[2] it grows 1 to 3 feet tall with loose spike of dark-blue flowers and 1 to 3 foliolate leaves.[3]

"Perennial herbs, subshrubs or shrubs, more or less postulate-glandular. Leaves odd-pinnate or palmate, (1) 3-5 (7) foliolate, stipules usually persistent. Racemes or spikes pedunculate, axillary and sometimes also terminal; flowers papilionaceous. Calyx persistent, the lowermost lobe the longest or rarely all nearly equal; petals 5, blue-purple or rarely white; stamens 10, rarely 9, diadelphous or weakly monadelphous; ovary sessile or stipitate, usually 1-ovuled. Legume usually not much longer than the calyx, often conspicuously wrinkled, indehiscent or irregularly dehiscent, 1-seeded."[4]

"Coarsely canescent, perennial herb, 3-10 dm tall, from a subglobose or fusiform root 2.-4 cm thick. Leaves palmately 3-foliolate or the uppermost sometimes 1-foliolate; leaflets elliptic to obovate, mostly 1.5-6 cm long, 1-3 cm wide, eglandular to abundantly but inconspicuously glandular-punctate on both surfaces. Racemes loosely few-flowered, 2-6 cm long; peduncles 2-7 cm long, pedicels 3-6 mm long, each subtended by an ovate bract 4-6 mm long. Calyx appressed to spreading villous; petals blue or violet, 8-15 mm long. Legume ovoid, ca. 1 cm long, dehiscent."[4]

Distribution

This plant is a Southeastern Coastal Plain endemic. It ranges from southeastern Virginia, south to peninsular Florida, Panhandle Florida, and southern Alabama.[1]

Ecology

Habitat

P. canescens occurs in sandy areas of the Coastal Plain[3] such as longleaf pine-turkey oak sand ridge, secondary longleaf pine-turkey oak sand-hill ridge, longleaf pine-wiregrass sandridge, pine flatwoods, and open sandridges.[2] Has been observed growing on drying sand besides roads in open pine-oak woodlands and dry sandy fields.[2] Associated species include Serenoa repens, Quercus incana, Quercus chapmanii, Quercus laevis, Aristida, Andropogon, Onosmodium, bahia grass, and Diospyros.[2]

Phenology

P. canescens flowers from May through July and fruits from July through October.[1]

Seed dispersal

This species is thought to be dispersed by gravity.[5]

Use by animals

Seeds have been found in bobwhite stomachs.[3]

Conservation and management

Cultivation and restoration

Photo Gallery

References and notes

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: Robert Kral, Mabel Kral, O. Lakela, R.K. Godfrey, H. R. Reed, Loran C. Anderson, T. MacClendon, K. MacClendon, Cecil Slaughter, Travis Richardson, Steve L. Orzell, E. L. Bridges, A. F. Clewell, Sidney McDaniel, Raymond Athey, Richard D. Houk, Raymond Athey, R. A. Norris, R. Komarek, H. E. Ahles, J. Haesloop, J. R. Burkhalter, LK Kirkman, A. Gholson, D. Wolfe, Annie Schmidt, A. Johnson, and M. Jenkins. States and Counties: Florida: Bay, Calhoun, Citrus, Clay, Dixie, Duval, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Hamilton, Hernando, Highlands, Hillsborough, Jackson, Leon, Madison, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Suwannee, Taylor, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington. Georgia: Baker, Lowndes, and Thomas. North Carolina: Hoke. Alabama: Baldwin, Geneva, and Henry.
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Graham, E. H. (1941). Legumes for erosion control and wildlife. Washington, USDA
  4. 4.0 4.1 Radford, Albert E., Harry E. Ahles, and C. Ritchie Bell. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. 1964, 1968. The University of North Carolina Press. 599-601. Print.
  5. Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.