Parthenocissus quinquefolia

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia
Part quin.jpg
Photo by James H. Miller & Ted Bodner, Southern Weed Science Society, Bugwood.org
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
Order: Rhamnales
Family: Vitaceae
Genus: Parthenocissus
Species: P. quinquefolia
Binomial name
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
(L.) Planch.
Part quin dist.jpg
Natural range of Parthenocissus quinquefolia from USDA NRCS Plants Database.

Common name: Virginia creeper

Taxonomic notes

Synonym: Parthenocissus hirsuta (Pursh) Graebner

Description

"High climbing vine with white pith and many tendrils with adhesive disks. Leaves palmately compound, petiolate; leaflets 3-7, usually 5, ovate, elliptic, or obovate, to 15 cm long and 8 cm wide, glabrous, usually pale beneath, occasionally pubescent, acuminate, coarsely serrate, usually above the middle of the blade, base cuneate or oblique, petiolulate. Inflorescence a panicle of cymes. Calyx flat, usually without lobes; petals 5, separate, yellowish green, 2-3 mm long; disk small, adnate to ovary; stamens 5, filaments short; style ca. 0.5 mm long. Drupes black or dark blue, globose, 5-9 mm in diam.; seeds 1-3, lustrous brown, planoconvex, obovoid, 3.5-4 mm long." [1]

Distribution

The range is from Quebec and the Northeastern United States across to Minnesota, south to Texas, Florida, Cuba, Bermuda, and the Bahamas.[2]

Ecology

Phenology

P. quinquefolia has been observed flowering in June and July.[3]

Seed dispersal

This species is thought to be dispersed by consumption by vertebrates. [4]

Pollination

The following Hymenoptera families and species were observed visiting flowers of Parthenocissus quinquefolia at Archbold Biological Station: [5]

Apidae: Apis mellifera

Colletidae: Colletes nudus

Halictidae: Augochloropsis anonyma, A. metallica

Megachilidae: Coelioxys sayi, Megachile mendica

Pompilidae: Episyron conterminus posterus, Tachypompilus f. ferrugineus

Vespidae: Mischocyttarus cubensis, Parancistrocerus fulvipes rufovestris, P. perennis anacardivora, Polistes bellicosus, Stenodynerus beameri, Vespula squamosa

Conservation and management

Cultivation and restoration

Photo Gallery

References and notes

  1. Radford, Albert E., Harry E. Ahles, and C. Ritchie Bell. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. 1964, 1968. The University of North Carolina Press. 694. Print.
  2. Hall D. 1986The Joy of Weeds-Florida Wildflowers Virginia Creeper Palmetto 6(1):12
  3. Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 12 DEC 2016
  4. Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.
  5. Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.