Difference between revisions of "Lobelia puberula"
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| − | Common name: Downy lobelia | + | Common name: Downy lobelia<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> |
==Taxonomic notes== | ==Taxonomic notes== | ||
| − | Synonyms: | + | Synonyms: none.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> |
| + | |||
| + | Varieties: none.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> | ||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | ||
| − | "Perennial or annual herbs | + | "Perennial or annual herbs with erect stems that are strict or freely branched. Leaves crenate, serrate, or entire. Raceme terminal, bracteate, often very leafy and the flowers appearing axillary. Calyx 5-lobed, more or less actinomorphic; corolla zygomorphic, fenestrate, 2-lipped, upper lip 2-lobbed, lower 3-lobbed. Stamens 5, completely united. Capsule dehiscent by apical pores. Seeds yellowish brown, tuberculate, oblong, 0.6-1 mm long."<ref name="Radford et al 1964">Radford, Albert E., Harry E. Ahles, and C. Ritchie Bell. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. 1964, 1968. The University of North Carolina Press. 1005-7. Print.</ref> |
| − | "Similar to L. elongata. Stems pubescent, at least near the base. Leaves elliptic, lanceolate or oblanceolate, 3-12 cm long, 1-4 cm wide. Calyx lobes lanceolate, rarely linear, 5-10 mm long, sometimes slightly auriculate, entire or with callous-tipped teeth; corolla tube 7-10 mm long; filament tube 5-8 mm long. Capsule 6-8 mm broad." <ref name="Radford et al 1964"/> | + | "Similar to L. elongata. Stems pubescent, at least near the base. Leaves elliptic, lanceolate or oblanceolate, 3-12 cm long, 1-4 cm wide. Calyx lobes lanceolate, rarely linear, 5-10 mm long, sometimes slightly auriculate, entire or with callous-tipped teeth; corolla tube 7-10 mm long; filament tube 5-8 mm long. Capsule 6-8 mm broad."<ref name="Radford et al 1964"/> |
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| + | ''L. puberula'' ranges from New Jersey, southeast Pennsylvania, southern Ohio, southern Indiana, southern Illinois, southeastern Missouri, Arizona, and Oklahoma, south to peninsular Florida and southern Texas.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> | ||
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| − | It is found in burned and unburned patches of degraded longleaf pine sandhill in the southeastern United States. <ref name="Heuberger and Putz 2003">Heuberger, K. A. and F. E. Putz (2003). "Fire in the suburbs: ecological impacts of prescribed fire in small remnants of longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) sandhill." Restoration Ecology 11: 72-81.</ref> This species is also found in pine flatlands, boggy clearings, upland pine-oak woodlands, ravines, along limestone glades, and along riverbanks. <ref name="FSU Herbarium">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: G. Knight, Loran C. Anderson, Robert K. Godfrey, Jean W. Wooten, James R. Burkhalter, R. Kral, S. W. Leonard, A. F. Clewell, D. B. Ward, E. S. Ford, Roy Komarek, S.C. Hood, . K. Craddock Burks, Gil Nelson, Angus Gholson, Wilson Baker, Ed Keppner, Lisa Keppner, Ann F. Johnson, R. A. Norris, Travis MacClendon, Karen MacClendon. States and Counties: Florida: Baxter, Calhoun, Clay, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gilchrist, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, Santa Rosa, Taylor, Wakulla, and Walton. Georgia: Grady and Thomas.</ref> It can occur in dry, sandy soils, loamy soils, clays, and moist soils of wetlands in open to | + | It is found in burned and unburned patches of degraded longleaf pine sandhill in the southeastern United States.<ref name="Heuberger and Putz 2003">Heuberger, K. A. and F. E. Putz (2003). "Fire in the suburbs: ecological impacts of prescribed fire in small remnants of longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) sandhill." Restoration Ecology 11: 72-81.</ref> This species is also found in pine flatlands, boggy clearings, upland pine-oak woodlands, ravines, along limestone glades, and along riverbanks.<ref name="FSU Herbarium">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: G. Knight, Loran C. Anderson, Robert K. Godfrey, Jean W. Wooten, James R. Burkhalter, R. Kral, S. W. Leonard, A. F. Clewell, D. B. Ward, E. S. Ford, Roy Komarek, S.C. Hood, . K. Craddock Burks, Gil Nelson, Angus Gholson, Wilson Baker, Ed Keppner, Lisa Keppner, Ann F. Johnson, R. A. Norris, Travis MacClendon, Karen MacClendon. States and Counties: Florida: Baxter, Calhoun, Clay, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gilchrist, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, Santa Rosa, Taylor, Wakulla, and Walton. Georgia: Grady and Thomas.</ref> It can occur in dry, sandy soils, loamy soils, clays, and moist soils of wetlands in open to partially shaded areas.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> ''L. puberula '' is also found growing in human-disturbed areas such as ditches and along roadsides.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> Associated species include ''Pinus palutris, Quercus virginiana, Pinus echinata, Quercus falcata, Helianthus, Eupatorium, Agalinis, Liatris, Coreopsis gladiata, Juncus trigonocarpus, Scleria reticularis, Sphagnum, Pinus taeda, Aristida stricta,'' and ''Schoenus nigricans''.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> |
''Lobelia puberula'' is an indicator species for the Clayhill Longleaf Woodlands community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).<ref>Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.</ref> | ''Lobelia puberula'' is an indicator species for the Clayhill Longleaf Woodlands community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).<ref>Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.</ref> | ||
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
| − | ''L. puberula'' | + | ''L. puberula'' flowers from July through October.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> |
<!--===Seed dispersal===--> | <!--===Seed dispersal===--> | ||
===Seed bank and germination=== | ===Seed bank and germination=== | ||
| − | Several short-lived perennial forbs also have a seed bank persistent for at least several years. <ref name="Platt et al 2006">Platt, W. J., S. M. Carr, et al. (2006). "Pine savanna overstorey influences on ground-cover biodiversity." Applied Vegetation Science 9: 37-50.</ref> | + | Several short-lived perennial forbs also have a seed bank persistent for at least several years.<ref name="Platt et al 2006">Platt, W. J., S. M. Carr, et al. (2006). "Pine savanna overstorey influences on ground-cover biodiversity." Applied Vegetation Science 9: 37-50.</ref> |
===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ||
| − | This species thrives in | + | This species thrives in burned habitats.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> |
<!--===Pollination===--> | <!--===Pollination===--> | ||
<!--===Use by animals===--> <!--Herbivory, granivory, insect hosting, etc.--> | <!--===Use by animals===--> <!--Herbivory, granivory, insect hosting, etc.--> | ||
Revision as of 16:06, 24 September 2020
| Lobelia puberula | |
|---|---|
.jpg)
| |
| Photo taken by Kevin Robertson | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons |
| Order: | Campanulales |
| Family: | Campanulaceae |
| Genus: | Lobelia |
| Species: | L. puberula |
| Binomial name | |
| Lobelia puberula Michx. | |
| |
| Natural range of Lobelia puberula from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common name: Downy lobelia[1]
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonyms: none.[1]
Varieties: none.[1]
Description
"Perennial or annual herbs with erect stems that are strict or freely branched. Leaves crenate, serrate, or entire. Raceme terminal, bracteate, often very leafy and the flowers appearing axillary. Calyx 5-lobed, more or less actinomorphic; corolla zygomorphic, fenestrate, 2-lipped, upper lip 2-lobbed, lower 3-lobbed. Stamens 5, completely united. Capsule dehiscent by apical pores. Seeds yellowish brown, tuberculate, oblong, 0.6-1 mm long."[2]
"Similar to L. elongata. Stems pubescent, at least near the base. Leaves elliptic, lanceolate or oblanceolate, 3-12 cm long, 1-4 cm wide. Calyx lobes lanceolate, rarely linear, 5-10 mm long, sometimes slightly auriculate, entire or with callous-tipped teeth; corolla tube 7-10 mm long; filament tube 5-8 mm long. Capsule 6-8 mm broad."[2]
Distribution
L. puberula ranges from New Jersey, southeast Pennsylvania, southern Ohio, southern Indiana, southern Illinois, southeastern Missouri, Arizona, and Oklahoma, south to peninsular Florida and southern Texas.[1]
Ecology
Habitat
It is found in burned and unburned patches of degraded longleaf pine sandhill in the southeastern United States.[3] This species is also found in pine flatlands, boggy clearings, upland pine-oak woodlands, ravines, along limestone glades, and along riverbanks.[4] It can occur in dry, sandy soils, loamy soils, clays, and moist soils of wetlands in open to partially shaded areas.[4] L. puberula is also found growing in human-disturbed areas such as ditches and along roadsides.[4] Associated species include Pinus palutris, Quercus virginiana, Pinus echinata, Quercus falcata, Helianthus, Eupatorium, Agalinis, Liatris, Coreopsis gladiata, Juncus trigonocarpus, Scleria reticularis, Sphagnum, Pinus taeda, Aristida stricta, and Schoenus nigricans.[4]
Lobelia puberula is an indicator species for the Clayhill Longleaf Woodlands community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).[5]
Phenology
L. puberula flowers from July through October.[1]
Seed bank and germination
Several short-lived perennial forbs also have a seed bank persistent for at least several years.[6]
Fire ecology
This species thrives in burned habitats.[4]
Conservation and management
Cultivation and restoration
Photo Gallery
Lobelia puberula Photo by Gil Nelson
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Radford, Albert E., Harry E. Ahles, and C. Ritchie Bell. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. 1964, 1968. The University of North Carolina Press. 1005-7. Print.
- ↑ Heuberger, K. A. and F. E. Putz (2003). "Fire in the suburbs: ecological impacts of prescribed fire in small remnants of longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) sandhill." Restoration Ecology 11: 72-81.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: G. Knight, Loran C. Anderson, Robert K. Godfrey, Jean W. Wooten, James R. Burkhalter, R. Kral, S. W. Leonard, A. F. Clewell, D. B. Ward, E. S. Ford, Roy Komarek, S.C. Hood, . K. Craddock Burks, Gil Nelson, Angus Gholson, Wilson Baker, Ed Keppner, Lisa Keppner, Ann F. Johnson, R. A. Norris, Travis MacClendon, Karen MacClendon. States and Counties: Florida: Baxter, Calhoun, Clay, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gilchrist, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, Santa Rosa, Taylor, Wakulla, and Walton. Georgia: Grady and Thomas.
- ↑ Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.
- ↑ Platt, W. J., S. M. Carr, et al. (2006). "Pine savanna overstorey influences on ground-cover biodiversity." Applied Vegetation Science 9: 37-50.
