Difference between revisions of "Lespedeza virginica"
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| − | Common name: | + | Common name: Slender lespedeza<ref name= "USDA Plant Database"/>, Virginia lespedeza<ref name= "Weakley 2015"/> |
<!-- Get the taxonomy information from the NRCS Plants database --> | <!-- Get the taxonomy information from the NRCS Plants database --> | ||
{{taxobox | {{taxobox | ||
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==Description== | ==Description== | ||
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | ||
| − | ''L. virginica'' is a perennial forb/herb of the ''Fabaceae'' family native to North America and Canada. <ref name= "USDA Plant Database"> USDA Plant Database [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=LEVI7 https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=LEVI7] </ref> | + | ''L. virginica'' is a perennial forb/herb of the ''Fabaceae'' family native to North America and Canada.<ref name= "USDA Plant Database"> USDA Plant Database [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=LEVI7 https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=LEVI7] </ref> |
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | ''L. virginica'' is found in the eastern half of the United States, as well as the Ontario region of Canada. <ref name= "USDA Plant Database"/> | + | ''L. virginica'' is found in the eastern half of the United States, as well as the Ontario region of Canada.<ref name= "USDA Plant Database"/> |
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| − | ''L. virginica'' proliferates in sandhills, woodlands, and woodland borders. <ref name= "Weakley 2015"> Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium. </ref> Specimens have been collected from annually burned pineland, drying sandy loam of pine-oak woods, border of roadside and woodland, beech-magnolia forest, old field, old field with pine woods, open stand of shortleaf pine with snady clay, young slash pine plantation, disturbed regions such as roadsides and fields, and longleaf pine wiregrass ridge. <ref name = "FSU herbarium"> URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: A.F. Clewell, Loran C. Anderson, Gary Knight, R. Kral, R.K. Godfrey, Richard S. Mitchell, R. Komarek, Norman E. Hill, Delzie Demaree, D.S. Correll. States and counties: Florida (Leon, jackson, washington, Holmes, Okaloosa, jefferson, Madison, Liberty) Goergia (Thomas, Grady, Haralson, Marion, Chattooga, Coweta, Talbot, Meriwether, Webster, Lee, Miller, Crisp, Appling, Wheeler, Wilcox, Dodge, Walker, Clarke, Long, De Kalb, Heard, Randolph, Clay, Decatur, Steart, Muscogee, Troup, Chattahoochee, Walker, Baker, Harris)</ref> ''L. virginica'' responds positively or not at all to clearcutting and chopping in South Carolina.<ref>Cushwa, C.T. and M.B. Jones. (1969). Wildlife Food Plants on Chopped Areas in Piedmont South Carolina. Note SE-119. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station. 4 pp.</ref> | + | ''L. virginica'' proliferates in sandhills, woodlands, and woodland borders.<ref name= "Weakley 2015"> Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium. </ref> Specimens have been collected from annually burned pineland, drying sandy loam of pine-oak woods, border of roadside and woodland, beech-magnolia forest, old field, old field with pine woods, open stand of shortleaf pine with snady clay, young slash pine plantation, disturbed regions such as roadsides and fields, and longleaf pine wiregrass ridge.<ref name = "FSU herbarium"> URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: A.F. Clewell, Loran C. Anderson, Gary Knight, R. Kral, R.K. Godfrey, Richard S. Mitchell, R. Komarek, Norman E. Hill, Delzie Demaree, D.S. Correll. States and counties: Florida (Leon, jackson, washington, Holmes, Okaloosa, jefferson, Madison, Liberty) Goergia (Thomas, Grady, Haralson, Marion, Chattooga, Coweta, Talbot, Meriwether, Webster, Lee, Miller, Crisp, Appling, Wheeler, Wilcox, Dodge, Walker, Clarke, Long, De Kalb, Heard, Randolph, Clay, Decatur, Steart, Muscogee, Troup, Chattahoochee, Walker, Baker, Harris)</ref> ''L. virginica'' responds positively or not at all to clearcutting and chopping in South Carolina.<ref>Cushwa, C.T. and M.B. Jones. (1969). Wildlife Food Plants on Chopped Areas in Piedmont South Carolina. Note SE-119. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station. 4 pp.</ref> |
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
| − | ''L. virginica'' has been observed to flower from August to October. <ref name= "PanFlora"> Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 24 MAY 2018 </ref> Stems mostly erect, can be ascending, usually branched; leaves alternate, pinnately trifoliolate compound; leaflets 3, linear to narrowly oblong, without stipels; fruit is a 1-seeded, indehiscent pod. <ref name= "Gee 1994"> Gee, K. L., et al. (1994). White-tailed deer: their foods and management in the cross timbers. Ardmore, OK, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation. </ref> | + | ''L. virginica'' has been observed to flower from August to October.<ref name= "PanFlora"> Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 24 MAY 2018 </ref> Stems mostly erect, can be ascending, usually branched; leaves alternate, pinnately trifoliolate compound; leaflets 3, linear to narrowly oblong, without stipels; fruit is a 1-seeded, indehiscent pod.<ref name= "Gee 1994"> Gee, K. L., et al. (1994). White-tailed deer: their foods and management in the cross timbers. Ardmore, OK, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation. </ref> |
===Seed dispersal=== | ===Seed dispersal=== | ||
| − | This species is thought to be dispersed by gravity. <ref> Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.</ref> | + | This species is thought to be dispersed by gravity.<ref> Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.</ref> |
<!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | <!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | ||
===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ||
| − | ''L. virginica'' increases in abundance with increasing fire frequency. <ref name= "Burton 2009"> Burton, J. A. (2009). Fire frequency effects on vegetation of an upland old growth forest in eastern Oklahoma. Environmental Science. Stillwater, Oklahoma, Oklahoma State University. Bachelor: 78. </ref> | + | ''L. virginica'' increases in abundance with increasing fire frequency.<ref name= "Burton 2009"> Burton, J. A. (2009). Fire frequency effects on vegetation of an upland old growth forest in eastern Oklahoma. Environmental Science. Stillwater, Oklahoma, Oklahoma State University. Bachelor: 78. </ref> |
<!--===Pollination===--> | <!--===Pollination===--> | ||
<!--===Use by animals===--> <!--Herbivory, granivory, insect hosting, etc.--> | <!--===Use by animals===--> <!--Herbivory, granivory, insect hosting, etc.--> | ||
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==Conservation and Management== | ==Conservation and Management== | ||
| − | ''L. virginica'' is listed as threatened by the New Hampshire Natural Heritage Inventory Division of Land and Forests and by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Bureau of Endangered Resources. <ref name= "USDA Plant Database"/> | + | ''L. virginica'' is listed as threatened by the New Hampshire Natural Heritage Inventory Division of Land and Forests and by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Bureau of Endangered Resources.<ref name= "USDA Plant Database"/> |
==Cultivation and restoration== | ==Cultivation and restoration== | ||
Revision as of 12:37, 22 September 2020
Common name: Slender lespedeza[1], Virginia lespedeza[2]
| Lespedeza virginica | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by the Illinois Wildflowers Database | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida - Dicots |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Genus: | Lespedeza |
| Species: | L. virginica |
| Binomial name | |
| Lespedeza virginica L. | |
| |
| Natural range of Lespedeza virginica from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Contents
Taxonomic Notes
Synonyms: none.[3]
Varieties: none.[3]
Description
L. virginica is a perennial forb/herb of the Fabaceae family native to North America and Canada.[1]
Distribution
L. virginica is found in the eastern half of the United States, as well as the Ontario region of Canada.[1]
Ecology
Habitat
L. virginica proliferates in sandhills, woodlands, and woodland borders.[2] Specimens have been collected from annually burned pineland, drying sandy loam of pine-oak woods, border of roadside and woodland, beech-magnolia forest, old field, old field with pine woods, open stand of shortleaf pine with snady clay, young slash pine plantation, disturbed regions such as roadsides and fields, and longleaf pine wiregrass ridge.[4] L. virginica responds positively or not at all to clearcutting and chopping in South Carolina.[5]
Phenology
L. virginica has been observed to flower from August to October.[6] Stems mostly erect, can be ascending, usually branched; leaves alternate, pinnately trifoliolate compound; leaflets 3, linear to narrowly oblong, without stipels; fruit is a 1-seeded, indehiscent pod.[7]
Seed dispersal
This species is thought to be dispersed by gravity.[8]
Fire ecology
L. virginica increases in abundance with increasing fire frequency.[9]
Conservation and Management
L. virginica is listed as threatened by the New Hampshire Natural Heritage Inventory Division of Land and Forests and by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Bureau of Endangered Resources.[1]
Cultivation and restoration
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 USDA Plant Database https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=LEVI7
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- ↑ URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: A.F. Clewell, Loran C. Anderson, Gary Knight, R. Kral, R.K. Godfrey, Richard S. Mitchell, R. Komarek, Norman E. Hill, Delzie Demaree, D.S. Correll. States and counties: Florida (Leon, jackson, washington, Holmes, Okaloosa, jefferson, Madison, Liberty) Goergia (Thomas, Grady, Haralson, Marion, Chattooga, Coweta, Talbot, Meriwether, Webster, Lee, Miller, Crisp, Appling, Wheeler, Wilcox, Dodge, Walker, Clarke, Long, De Kalb, Heard, Randolph, Clay, Decatur, Steart, Muscogee, Troup, Chattahoochee, Walker, Baker, Harris)
- ↑ Cushwa, C.T. and M.B. Jones. (1969). Wildlife Food Plants on Chopped Areas in Piedmont South Carolina. Note SE-119. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station. 4 pp.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 24 MAY 2018
- ↑ Gee, K. L., et al. (1994). White-tailed deer: their foods and management in the cross timbers. Ardmore, OK, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation.
- ↑ Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.
- ↑ Burton, J. A. (2009). Fire frequency effects on vegetation of an upland old growth forest in eastern Oklahoma. Environmental Science. Stillwater, Oklahoma, Oklahoma State University. Bachelor: 78.
