Difference between revisions of "Conoclinium coelestinum"
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This species has been observed growing in dry woods, hammocks, along the edges of river banks, floodplains, and streams, slash pine-palmetto woodlands, and pine woodlands. It is also found in areas disturbed by humans such as roadsides, ditches, and clearings. Thriving in light from shade to full sun, this species grows in moist sands or drying loamy sands and has even been recorded to grow in water along edges of springs.<ref name="fsu">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: Ed Keppner, Lisa Keppner, Loran C. Anderson, K. Craddock Burks, Gary R. Knight, Sidney McDaniel, Robert K. Godfrey, Richard S. Mitchell, Kurt E. Blum, J. P. Gillespie, R. Kral, C. Jackson, R. E. Perdue, Jr., James D. Ray, Jr., Olga Lakela, Gwynn W. Ramsey, Dale Samler, Ronald A. Gursell, P. L. Redfearn, Jr., Brenda Herring, Joyce Leiper, A. F. Clewell, W. G. D'Arcy, Robert L. Lazor, V. Sullivan, Bruce Hansen, JoAnn Hansen, D. C. Hunt, R. Komarek, Angela M. Reid, and K. M. Robertson. States and Counties: Florida: Bay, Brevard, Broward, Columbia, Dade, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Hamilton, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Levy, Liberty, Martin, Okaloosa, Sumter, Suwannee, Wakulla, and Washington. Georgia: Grady and Thomas.</ref> | This species has been observed growing in dry woods, hammocks, along the edges of river banks, floodplains, and streams, slash pine-palmetto woodlands, and pine woodlands. It is also found in areas disturbed by humans such as roadsides, ditches, and clearings. Thriving in light from shade to full sun, this species grows in moist sands or drying loamy sands and has even been recorded to grow in water along edges of springs.<ref name="fsu">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: Ed Keppner, Lisa Keppner, Loran C. Anderson, K. Craddock Burks, Gary R. Knight, Sidney McDaniel, Robert K. Godfrey, Richard S. Mitchell, Kurt E. Blum, J. P. Gillespie, R. Kral, C. Jackson, R. E. Perdue, Jr., James D. Ray, Jr., Olga Lakela, Gwynn W. Ramsey, Dale Samler, Ronald A. Gursell, P. L. Redfearn, Jr., Brenda Herring, Joyce Leiper, A. F. Clewell, W. G. D'Arcy, Robert L. Lazor, V. Sullivan, Bruce Hansen, JoAnn Hansen, D. C. Hunt, R. Komarek, Angela M. Reid, and K. M. Robertson. States and Counties: Florida: Bay, Brevard, Broward, Columbia, Dade, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Hamilton, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Levy, Liberty, Martin, Okaloosa, Sumter, Suwannee, Wakulla, and Washington. Georgia: Grady and Thomas.</ref> | ||
| − | Associated species include oak, beech, cypress, slash pine, saw palmetto, sweetgum, ''Cyrilla, [[Pinus taeda]], [[Pinus echinata]], [[Quercus nigra]], [[Trichostema dichotomum]], [[Helianthus angustifolius]], Agaratina aromatica, [[Solidago odora]], S. nemoralis, [[Pityopsis aspera]] ''var.'' [[Pityopsis adenolepis|adenolepis]], [[Sorghastrum nutans]], [[Andropogon virginicus]] ''var.'' virginicus, [[Chamaecrista fasciculata]], [[Chamaecrista nictitans]], [[Eupatorium hyssopifolium]], Liatris graminifolia, [[Rubus cuneifolius]]'', and | + | Associated species include oak, beech, cypress, slash pine, saw palmetto, sweetgum, ''Cyrilla, [[Pinus taeda]], [[Pinus echinata]], [[Quercus nigra]], [[Trichostema dichotomum]], [[Helianthus angustifolius]], Agaratina aromatica, [[Solidago odora]], S. nemoralis, [[Pityopsis aspera]] ''var.'' [[Pityopsis adenolepis|adenolepis]], [[Sorghastrum nutans]], [[Andropogon virginicus]] ''var.'' virginicus, [[Chamaecrista fasciculata]], [[Chamaecrista nictitans]], [[Eupatorium hyssopifolium]], Liatris graminifolia, [[Rubus cuneifolius]]'',<ref name="fsu"/> and ''Hibiscus grandiflorus''<ref name="Heaton 2016">Observation by Jake Antonia Heaton in Everglades National Park, Miami-Dade County, FL, June 12, 2016, posted to Florida Flora and Ecosystematics Facebook Group June 12, 2016.</ref> |
===Phenology===<!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology===<!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
Revision as of 15:36, 20 February 2018
| Conoclinium coelestinum | |
|---|---|
| |
| photo by Gil Nelson | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae ⁄ Compositae |
| Genus: | Conoclinium |
| Species: | C. coelestinum |
| Binomial name | |
| Conoclinium coelestinum (L.) DC. | |
| |
| Natural range of Conoclinium coelestinum from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common name: Blue mistflower
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonym: Eupatorium coelestinum Linnaeus
Description
A description of Conoclinium coelestinum is provided in The Flora of North America.
Distribution
Distributed from New Jersey, west to Wisconsin and Kansas, and south to Texas and Florida.[1]
Ecology
Habitat
This species has been observed growing in dry woods, hammocks, along the edges of river banks, floodplains, and streams, slash pine-palmetto woodlands, and pine woodlands. It is also found in areas disturbed by humans such as roadsides, ditches, and clearings. Thriving in light from shade to full sun, this species grows in moist sands or drying loamy sands and has even been recorded to grow in water along edges of springs.[2]
Associated species include oak, beech, cypress, slash pine, saw palmetto, sweetgum, Cyrilla, Pinus taeda, Pinus echinata, Quercus nigra, Trichostema dichotomum, Helianthus angustifolius, Agaratina aromatica, Solidago odora, S. nemoralis, Pityopsis aspera var. adenolepis, Sorghastrum nutans, Andropogon virginicus var. virginicus, Chamaecrista fasciculata, Chamaecrista nictitans, Eupatorium hyssopifolium, Liatris graminifolia, Rubus cuneifolius,[2] and Hibiscus grandiflorus[3]
Phenology
This species has been observed flowering from June through January with peak inflorescence in October.[2][4] Spreads by long, underground rhizomes.[5]
Seed dispersal
Seeds are dispersed by wind.[1]
Fire ecology
This species can grow in areas that are regularly burned.[2]
Use by animals
Caterpillars of the moths Haploa clymene, Phragmatobia lineata, Carmenta bassiformis, and Schinia trifascia eat on the foliage.[5] The bitter foliage defers mammalian herbivores.
Conservation and management
Cultivation and restoration
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 [[1]]Floridata. Accessed: April 14, 2016
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: Ed Keppner, Lisa Keppner, Loran C. Anderson, K. Craddock Burks, Gary R. Knight, Sidney McDaniel, Robert K. Godfrey, Richard S. Mitchell, Kurt E. Blum, J. P. Gillespie, R. Kral, C. Jackson, R. E. Perdue, Jr., James D. Ray, Jr., Olga Lakela, Gwynn W. Ramsey, Dale Samler, Ronald A. Gursell, P. L. Redfearn, Jr., Brenda Herring, Joyce Leiper, A. F. Clewell, W. G. D'Arcy, Robert L. Lazor, V. Sullivan, Bruce Hansen, JoAnn Hansen, D. C. Hunt, R. Komarek, Angela M. Reid, and K. M. Robertson. States and Counties: Florida: Bay, Brevard, Broward, Columbia, Dade, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Hamilton, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Levy, Liberty, Martin, Okaloosa, Sumter, Suwannee, Wakulla, and Washington. Georgia: Grady and Thomas.
- ↑ Observation by Jake Antonia Heaton in Everglades National Park, Miami-Dade County, FL, June 12, 2016, posted to Florida Flora and Ecosystematics Facebook Group June 12, 2016.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 8 DEC 2016
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 [[2]]Illinois Wildflowers. Accessed: April 14, 2016
