Difference between revisions of "Clinopodium ashei"
Krobertson (talk | contribs) |
|||
| Line 27: | Line 27: | ||
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat===<!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat===<!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| − | ''C. ashei'' is endemic to the Florida central highlands and southeastern Georgia, it occurs in pine-oak scrub ridges, and in ''Ceratiola'' scrubs <ref name="Natureserve"/> | + | ''C. ashei'' is endemic to the Florida central highlands and southeastern Georgia, it occurs in pine-oak scrub ridges, and in ''Ceratiola'' scrubs <ref name="Natureserve"/><ref name="FSU">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: October 2015. Collectors: John R. Bozeman, D. Burch, Buswell, L.J. Brass, Chas. C. Deam, R.K. Godfrey, O. Lakela, Sidney McDaniel, Elmer C. Prichard, D.B. Ward. States and Counties: Florida: Highlands, Marion, Polk, Volusia. Georgia: Tattnall. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.</ref>. It thrives in open areas of pine scrubs and disturbed sites such as abandoned fields, roadsides, and fire lanes <ref name="Natureserve"/><ref name="Center">[[http://www.centerforplantconservation.org/collection/CPC_ViewProfile.asp?CPCNum=665 Center for Plant Conservation]] Accessed December 3, 2015</ref>. Associated species include ''Osmanthus megacarpus, Ilex cumulicola'' and, ''Ceratiola ericoides''<ref name="FSU"></ref>. |
In order to reduce competition, ''C. ashei'' releases allelopathic compounds that prevent germination of other species' seeds, creating un-vegetated patches of sand <ref name="Georgia">[[http://georgiawildlife.com/sites/default/files/uploads/wildlife/nongame/pdf/accounts/plants/calamintha_ashei.pdf Georgia Wildlife]] Accessed: December 3, 2015</ref>. | In order to reduce competition, ''C. ashei'' releases allelopathic compounds that prevent germination of other species' seeds, creating un-vegetated patches of sand <ref name="Georgia">[[http://georgiawildlife.com/sites/default/files/uploads/wildlife/nongame/pdf/accounts/plants/calamintha_ashei.pdf Georgia Wildlife]] Accessed: December 3, 2015</ref>. | ||
===Phenology===<!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology===<!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
| − | Flowers and fruits have been observed January through June | + | Flowers and fruits have been observed January through June<ref name="FSU"></ref>. |
===Fire ecology===<!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ===Fire ecology===<!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ||
| − | Fire has been observed to kill all adult ''C. ashei'' individuals ( | + | Fire has been observed to kill all adult ''C. ashei'' individuals<ref name="Carrington">Carrington, M. E. (1999). "Post-fire seedling establishment in Florida sand pine scrub." Journal of Vegetation Science 10(3): 403-412.</ref>. Seedling frequency increases around ten months post-fire, with seedling probably established from seeds stored in a seed bank due to the absence of adult individuals<ref name="Carrington"></ref>. |
===Pollination=== | ===Pollination=== | ||
| − | The following Hymenoptera families and species were observed visiting flowers of ''Calamintha ashei'' at Archbold Biological Station | + | The following Hymenoptera families and species were observed visiting flowers of ''Calamintha ashei'' at Archbold Biological Station<ref>Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.</ref>: |
Apidae: ''Apis mellifera, Bombus impatiens, Epeolus erigeronis, Epeolus zonatus'' | Apidae: ''Apis mellifera, Bombus impatiens, Epeolus erigeronis, Epeolus zonatus'' | ||
| Line 66: | Line 66: | ||
==References and notes== | ==References and notes== | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
Revision as of 15:44, 18 May 2016
Common name: Ashe's calamint, Ashe's savory
| Clinopodium ashei | |
|---|---|
| |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Lamiaceae ⁄ Labiatae |
| Genus: | Clinopodium |
| Species: | C. ashei |
| Binomial name | |
| Clinopodium ashei (Weath.) Shinners | |
| |
| Natural range of Clinopodium ashei from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonym: Calamintha ashei (Weatherby) Shinners; Satureja ashei Weatherby
Description
C. ashei is a perennial, aromatic shrub with linear leaves arranged in opposite clusters [1] [2]. The bisexual flowers are pinkish-purple [2][3].
Ecology
Habitat
C. ashei is endemic to the Florida central highlands and southeastern Georgia, it occurs in pine-oak scrub ridges, and in Ceratiola scrubs [2][4]. It thrives in open areas of pine scrubs and disturbed sites such as abandoned fields, roadsides, and fire lanes [2][5]. Associated species include Osmanthus megacarpus, Ilex cumulicola and, Ceratiola ericoides[4].
In order to reduce competition, C. ashei releases allelopathic compounds that prevent germination of other species' seeds, creating un-vegetated patches of sand [6].
Phenology
Flowers and fruits have been observed January through June[4].
Fire ecology
Fire has been observed to kill all adult C. ashei individuals[7]. Seedling frequency increases around ten months post-fire, with seedling probably established from seeds stored in a seed bank due to the absence of adult individuals[7].
Pollination
The following Hymenoptera families and species were observed visiting flowers of Calamintha ashei at Archbold Biological Station[8]:
Apidae: Apis mellifera, Bombus impatiens, Epeolus erigeronis, Epeolus zonatus
Halictidae: Agapostemon splendens, Augochlorella aurata, Augochloropsis sumptuosa, Halictus poeyi, Lasioglossum nymphalis, L. puteulanum
Megachilidae: Anthidiellum notatum rufomaculatum, A.perplexum, Coelioxys germana, Hoplitis truncata, Lithurgus gibbosus, Megachile brevis pseudobrevis, M. campanulae, M. exilis parexilis, M. georgica, M. inimica, M. mendica, M. Megachile petulans, M. policaris, M. rugifrons, M. texana, Osmia calaminthae
Conservation and Management
Controlled burning is important for management of C. ashei. It is also important to open the canopy and expose bare sand using methods such as clear cutting and root raking [2].
Cultivation and restoration
Global rank: G3
Florida: S3[5]
Photo Gallery
Clinopodium ashei Photo by Kaitlin Griffith
Archbold Biological Station
Clinopodium ashei Photo by Kaitlin Griffith
Archbold Biological Station
References and notes
- ↑ [USDA Plants] Accessed December 3, 2015
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 [NatureServe]Accessed December 3, 2015
- ↑ [Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center]Accessed: December 3, 2015
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: October 2015. Collectors: John R. Bozeman, D. Burch, Buswell, L.J. Brass, Chas. C. Deam, R.K. Godfrey, O. Lakela, Sidney McDaniel, Elmer C. Prichard, D.B. Ward. States and Counties: Florida: Highlands, Marion, Polk, Volusia. Georgia: Tattnall. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 [Center for Plant Conservation] Accessed December 3, 2015
- ↑ [Georgia Wildlife] Accessed: December 3, 2015
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Carrington, M. E. (1999). "Post-fire seedling establishment in Florida sand pine scrub." Journal of Vegetation Science 10(3): 403-412.
- ↑ Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.
