Chapmannia floridana
| Chapmannia floridana | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by Wayne Matchett, SpaceCoastWildflowers.com | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Fabaceae ⁄ Leguminosae |
| Genus: | Chapmannia |
| Species: | C. floridana |
| Binomial name | |
| Chapmannia floridana Torr. & A. Gray | |
| |
| Natural range of Chapmannia floridana from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common name: Florida alicia
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonyms: none
Varieties: none
Description
C. floridana is an erect perennial herb arising from a fleshy tap root and can reach three feet in height.[1] All parts of the plant are covered with sticky hairs and leaves are alternately arranged.[2] It is a nitrogen fixer.[3]The fruits are latitudinally segmented pods with one seed in each segment. The seeds are covered with grandular trichomes that may protect against seed predation and aid in seed dispersal.[4]
Distribution
It is endemic to Florida.[2]
Ecology
Habitat
In the Coastal Plain in Florida, C. floridana has been found in turkey oak/longleaf pine sand ridges; pine-palmettos flatwoods; longleaf pine-wiregrass ridges; and scrub oak sand ridges. It is found in large populations in highly disturbed areas compared to undisturbed areas, making it unusual from other Florida endemic scrub species which are sensitive to disturbance[3]. Populations have been found in disturbed areas such as heavily cattle grazed longleaf pine-saw palmetto flatwoods, roadsides, and pastures.[3][5]
Phenology
Flowers are yellow and orange and are composed of three petals.[2] C. floridana has been observed flowering April through August and fruiting in May.[5][6]
Fire ecology
Carrington (1999) found C. floridana to be a strong re-sprouter after fire, however it did not show a strong flowering response.[7] Seedlings were only present for five months post-fire, suggesting a weak seedling establishment after fire.[7] Populations have been observed to be low in undisturbed, burned areas.[3]
Pollination
Bombus impatiens and Augochloropsis are the major visitors to C. floridana. They have been observed ripping holes in the sides of the keel petals of the flower and vibrating their wings to get pollen out of the floral tube. Pollinators visitation rates are affected by temperature, flower size, and flowering density.[3]
The following Hymenoptera families and species were observed visiting flowers of Chapmannia floridana at Archbold Biological Station:[8]
Apidae: Bombus impatiens
Halictidae: Augochlorella aurata, Augochloropsis metallica, Lasioglossum nymphalis, L. placidensis
Conservation and management
Global status rank: G5 secure [9].
Cultivation and restoration
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ Gunn, Charles R., Eliane M. Norman, and J. Stuart Lassetter. “Chapmannia Floridana Torrey & Gray (fabaceae)”. Brittonia 32.2 (1980): 178–185.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 [Native Florida Wildflowers]Accessed: December 4, 2015
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Mayfield, Margaret M.. “Pollinators of Chapmannia Floridana (fabaceae) and Their Foraging Preferences”. The Florida Entomologist 81.4 (1998): 489–496.
- ↑ Schafer J. 2017. Tricks of the trade: characteristics of Florida Alicia that facilitate its persistence in Florida habitats. Palmetto 34(1):8-11.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: October 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, J. Beckner, D. Burch, J. Carmichael, A. Gholson Jr., R.K. Godfrey, Richard D. Houk, R. Kral, K.M. Meyer, Allen G. Shuey, A. Townesmith, D.B. Ward. States and Counties: Florida: Clay, DeSoto, Glades, Lake, Marion, Orange, Osceola, Polk, Seminole. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 7 DEC 2016
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Carrington, M. E. (1999). "Post-fire seedling establishment in Florida sand pine scrub." Journal of Vegetation Science 10(3): 403-412.
- ↑ Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.
- ↑ [Encyclopedia of Life] Accessed December 4, 2015
