Anthaenantia villosa
Common Names: Green Silkyscale
| Anthaenantia villosa | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Liliopsida - Monocots |
| Order: | Cyperales |
| Family: | Poaceae |
| Genus: | Anthaenantia |
| Species: | A. villosa |
| Binomial name | |
| Anthaenantia villosa (Michaux) P. Beauv. | |
| |
| Natural range of Anthaenantia villosa from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Contents
Taxonomic Notes
Synonyms: Antenantia villosa (Michx.) P. Beauv., orthographic variant.[1]
Varieties: none.[1]
Description
A. villosa is a perennial graminoid in the Poaceae family native to the southeastern United States. [2] It is ascending (with a slight lean) in overall growth, and has short rhizomes.[3][4]
Distribution
A. villosa can be found in a number of southeastern states including Florida, Georgia, Alabama, South Carolina, North Carolina, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. [2]
Ecology
Habitat
A. villosa is found in longleaf pine regions. This grass excels in more exculsively longleaf pine regions during times of higher levels of needle fall from the canopy. [4][5] Mild competition is beneficial to viable seed production for A. villosa, making the species more likely to thrive in a variety of competitive environments. [3] Habitats that specimens of A. villosa have been recovered from include dry sandy edges of coastal flatwoods, sandy peat of flatwoods, turkey oak sand ridge, open live hammock, savanna, edge of longleaf pinelands, grassy roadside with pine overstory, and mixed woodland [6] It responds negatively to soil disturbance by agriculture in Southwest Georgia.[7] A. villosa does not respond to soil disturbance by clearcutting and chopping in North Florida flatwoods forests.[8]
Phenology
It has been observed flowering in September and November, and fruiting in September and October.[9][6]
Seed dispersal
A. villosa is wind-pollinated instead of reliant on insects or other animals for pollination. [5] This species is thought to be dispersed by gravity. [10]
Pollination
It is wind pollinated.[5]
Use by animals
A. villosa is a bunchgrass that is used by herbivorous animals, including cattle.[11][5]
Conservation and Management
Cultivation and restoration
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 USDA Plant Database
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Dagley, C. M., et al. (2002). "Understory restoration in longleaf pine plantations: Overstory effects of competition and needlefall." Proceedings of the eleventh biennial southern silvicultural research conference.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Harrington, T., et al. (2003). "Above and Below ground Competition from Longleaf Pine Plantations Limits Performance of Reintroduced Herbaceous Species." Forest Science 49(5): 681-695.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 [Brudvig, L. A., et al. (2015). "The influence of habitat fragmentation on multiple plant-animal interactions and plant reproduction." Ecology 96(10): 2669-2678] Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Brudvig" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "Brudvig" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 6.0 6.1 URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Gil Nelson, R.K. Godfrey, R. Kral, D. L. Martin, S. T. Cooper, Frank Tomkow, Richard D. Houk, J. B. Morrill, A. H. Curtiss, A. Gholson Jr., Angus Gholson, James D. Ray, Jr., O. Lakela, Gary R. Knight, Cecil R Slaughter, Helen Roth, M. Darst, L. Reed. States and counties: Florida (Wakulla, Okaloosa, Levy, Liberty, Madison, Marion, Pasco, Putnam, Santa Rosa, Calhoun, Duval, Franklin, Gadsden, Hernando, Hillsborough, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon) Georgia (Baker)
- ↑ Kirkman, L.K., K.L. Coffey, R.J. Mitchell, and E.B. Moser. Ground Cover Recovery Patterns and Life-History Traits: Implications for Restoration Obstacles and Opportunities in a Species-Rich Savanna. (2004). Journal of Ecology 92(3):409-421.
- ↑ Moore, W.H., B.F. Swindel, and W.S. Terry. (1982). Vegetative Response to Clearcutting and Chopping in a North Florida Flatwoods Forest. Journal of Range Management 35(2):214-218.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 13 MAR 2019
- ↑ Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.
- ↑ Pearson, H. A., et al. (1982). Botanical composition and nutritive value of cattle diets on southern pine range. New Orleans, LA, USDA Forest Service, Research Paper SO-178.: 24.
