Zephyranthes treatiae

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Zephyranthes treatiae
Zephyranthes treatiae SEF.jpg
Photo by John Gwaltney hosted at Southeastern Flora.com
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class: Liliopsida - Moncots
Order: Liliales
Family: Liliaceae
Genus: Zephyranthes
Species: Z. treatiae
Binomial name
Zephyranthes treatiae
S. Watson
ZEPH TREA DIST.JPG
Natural range of Zephyranthes treatiae from USDA NRCS Plants Database.

Common Name(s): zephyrlily,[1][2] Treat's zephyr-lily[2]

Taxonomic Notes

Synonym(s): Atamosco treatiae (S. Watson) Greene; Z. atamasca (Linnaeus) Herbert var. treatiae (S. Watson) Meerow; Z. atamasco (L.) Herb. [1][2][3]

Description

Z. treatiae is a monoecious perennial forb/herb[2] that can reach heights of 10 in (0.25 m).[4] They are typically found singly or loosely clumped[5] and can hybridize with species of Z. atamasco.[6]Perianth tube > 1cm long, segments spreading. Leaves1-2 cm wide.[7]

Distribution

It can be found in southern portions of Georgia, south to central penisular Florida,[1][2] with occurrences in Alabama and Louisiana. In Florida, Z. treatiae is listed as a threatened species.[2][8]

Ecology

Habitat

Zephyranthes treatiae is associated with wet savannas[1] and pine flatwoods.[5]Now on road sides and mowed sod near flatwoods.[9]

Phenology

It flowers between January and April, peaking in March,[4][10] and producing white flowers that fade to pink.[4] Flowers are broadly funnelform with reflexed perianth segments and exserted stigmas.[5] Mentioned as "Flowering in the spring, especially after fires".[11]

Use by animals

The bulb of Zephyranthes treatiae is toxic, and if ingested will cause sever digestive irritation. This species is known to kill both cattle and deer.[12] Digesting charcoal may relieve symptoms.[13]

Conservation, cultivation, and restoration

Cultural use

Photo Gallery

References and notes

  1. Jump up to: 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Weakley A. S.(2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Herbarium.
  2. Jump up to: 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 USDA, NRCS. (2016). The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 15 December 2017). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA.
  3. Jump up Burrows, G.E., Tyrl, R.J. 2001. Toxic Plants of North America. Iowa State Press.
  4. Jump up to: 4.0 4.1 4.2 Plant database: Zephyranthes treatiae. (15 December 2017).Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. URL: https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ZETR
  5. Jump up to: 5.0 5.1 5.2 Flagg R. O. and Smith G. L. (2008). Delineation and distribution of Zephyranthes species (Amaryllidaceae) endemic to the southeastern United States. Castanea 73(3):216-227.
  6. Jump up Broyles S. B. and Wyatt R. (1991). The breeding system of Zephyranthes atamasco (Amaryllidaceae). Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 118(2):137-140.
  7. Jump up Austin D. 2000 Discovering Florida's Ethnobotany with Dr. Dan Austin Rain Lilies Palmetto 20(3):14-16
  8. Jump up Flagg R. O. (2014). Rain-lilies (Amaryllidaceae) of U.S.A. and Mexico. SE Biology 61(1):84-100.
  9. Jump up Austin D. 2000 Discovering Florida's Ethnobotany with Dr. Dan Austin Rain Lilies Palmetto 20(3):14-16
  10. Jump up Nelson G. (15 December 2017) PanFlora. Retrieved from gilnelson.com/PanFlora/
  11. Jump up Austin D. 2000 Discovering Florida's Ethnobotany with Dr. Dan Austin Rain Lilies Palmetto 20(3):14-16
  12. Jump up Burrows, G.E., Tyrl, R.J. 2001. Toxic Plants of North America. Iowa State Press.
  13. Jump up Burrows, G.E., Tyrl, R.J. 2001. Toxic Plants of North America. Iowa State Press.