Difference between revisions of "Penstemon multiflorus"
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===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
''P. multiflorus'' occurs in sandy or loamy soil, preferring areas with high light levels.<ref name="FSU Herbarium">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Rodie White, R. A. Norris, Robert K. Godfrey, M. Davis, and Cecil R Slaughter. States and Counties: Florida: Calhoun, Columbia, Gadsden, Leon, Osceola, and Wakulla. Georgia: Grady.</ref> It can be found in oak-pine-palmetto flatwoods, cabbage palm hammocks, and open stands of longleaf pine and scrub oak.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> It can also occur in disturbed areas, including slash pine plantations, firebreaks, and roadsides.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> Associated species include sand oak, live oak, saw palmetto, longleaf pine, scrub oak, and slash pine.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> | ''P. multiflorus'' occurs in sandy or loamy soil, preferring areas with high light levels.<ref name="FSU Herbarium">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Rodie White, R. A. Norris, Robert K. Godfrey, M. Davis, and Cecil R Slaughter. States and Counties: Florida: Calhoun, Columbia, Gadsden, Leon, Osceola, and Wakulla. Georgia: Grady.</ref> It can be found in oak-pine-palmetto flatwoods, cabbage palm hammocks, and open stands of longleaf pine and scrub oak.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> It can also occur in disturbed areas, including slash pine plantations, firebreaks, and roadsides.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> Associated species include sand oak, live oak, saw palmetto, longleaf pine, scrub oak, and slash pine.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> | ||
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===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
''P. multiflorus'' has been observed flowering from May to August and fruiting have been observed in July and August.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/><ref>Nelson, G. [http://www.gilnelson.com/ PanFlora]: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 12 DEC 2016</ref> | ''P. multiflorus'' has been observed flowering from May to August and fruiting have been observed in July and August.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/><ref>Nelson, G. [http://www.gilnelson.com/ PanFlora]: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 12 DEC 2016</ref> | ||
<!--===Seed dispersal===--> | <!--===Seed dispersal===--> | ||
<!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | <!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | ||
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===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ||
This species has been found in habitat that is maintained by fire.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> | This species has been found in habitat that is maintained by fire.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> | ||
| − | <!--===Pollination and | + | <!--===Pollination--> |
| + | <!--===Herbivory and toxicology===--> <!--Common herbivores, granivory, insect hosting, poisonous chemicals, allelopathy, etc--> | ||
<!--===Diseases and parasites===--> | <!--===Diseases and parasites===--> | ||
Revision as of 07:22, 15 July 2022
| Penstemon multiflorus | |
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| Photo by Karan A. Rawlins, University of Georgia, Bugwood.org | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons |
| Order: | Scrophulariales |
| Family: | Scrophulariaceae |
| Genus: | Penstemon |
| Species: | P. multiflorus |
| Binomial name | |
| Penstemon multiflorus Chapm. ex Benth. | |
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| Natural range of Penstemon multiflorus from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common name: Manyflower beardtongue[1]
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonyms: none.[1]
Varieties: none.[1]
Description
Penstemon multiflorus has cauline leaves with basal leaves that are petioled. The inflorescence of many nodes with anther cells dehiscing by short proximal slits.[1]
The root system of Penstemon multiflorus includes root tubers which store non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) important for both resprouting following fire and persisting during long periods of fire exclusion.[2]. Diaz-Toribio and Putz (2021) recorded this species to have an NSC concentration of 109.5 mg/g (ranking 49 out of 100 species studied) and water content of 57.9% (ranking 37 out of 100 species studied).[2]
Distribution
This plant ranges from south-central Florida and southern Alabama, south to southern Florida.[1]
Ecology
Habitat
P. multiflorus occurs in sandy or loamy soil, preferring areas with high light levels.[3] It can be found in oak-pine-palmetto flatwoods, cabbage palm hammocks, and open stands of longleaf pine and scrub oak.[3] It can also occur in disturbed areas, including slash pine plantations, firebreaks, and roadsides.[3] Associated species include sand oak, live oak, saw palmetto, longleaf pine, scrub oak, and slash pine.[3]
Phenology
P. multiflorus has been observed flowering from May to August and fruiting have been observed in July and August.[3][4]
Fire ecology
This species has been found in habitat that is maintained by fire.[3]
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
Cultural use
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Diaz-Toribio, M.H. and F. E. Putz 2021. Underground carbohydrate stores and storage organs in fire-maintained longleaf pine savannas in Florida, USA. American Journal of Botany 108: 432-442.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Rodie White, R. A. Norris, Robert K. Godfrey, M. Davis, and Cecil R Slaughter. States and Counties: Florida: Calhoun, Columbia, Gadsden, Leon, Osceola, and Wakulla. Georgia: Grady.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 12 DEC 2016
