Difference between revisions of "Axonopus fissifolius"

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''A. fissifolius'' is found in pine flatwoods, sandy forests, fields, roadsides, and lawns. <ref name= "Weakley 2015">. Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium. </ref> It has also been found in grassland areas with poor drainage, among other bunchgrasses. <ref name= "Boughton 2013"> Boughton, E., et al. (2013). "Season of fire and nutrient enrichment affect plant community dynamics in subtropical semi-natural grasslands released from agriculture." Biological Conservation 158: 239-247. </ref> Other observances include loamy sand of longleaf pine oak wiregrass sandhills, wet depressions, mixed swamps, hydric hammocks, and wet clayey sand.<ref name= "Herbarium">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: March 2019. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, N. Bristan, Richard R. Clinebell II, E. H. Cooley, S. T. Cooper, A. H. Curtiss, J. A. Duke, R. J. Eaton, R. K. Godfrey, Edwin Keppner, R. Komarek, R. Kral, John M. Kunzer, R. L. Lazor, D. L. Martin, Gil Nelson, R. A. Norris, R. E. Perdue, P. L. Redfearn, G. W. Reinert, Cecil R. Slaughter, and C. Wood. States and Counties: Florida: Bay, Charlotte, Clay, Escambia, Flagler, Franklin, Gulf, Hernando, Jackson, Leon, Liberty,  Marion, Martin, Okaloosa, Osceola, Polk, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington. Georgia: Clinch, Grady, and Thomas.</ref>  
 
''A. fissifolius'' is found in pine flatwoods, sandy forests, fields, roadsides, and lawns. <ref name= "Weakley 2015">. Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium. </ref> It has also been found in grassland areas with poor drainage, among other bunchgrasses. <ref name= "Boughton 2013"> Boughton, E., et al. (2013). "Season of fire and nutrient enrichment affect plant community dynamics in subtropical semi-natural grasslands released from agriculture." Biological Conservation 158: 239-247. </ref> Other observances include loamy sand of longleaf pine oak wiregrass sandhills, wet depressions, mixed swamps, hydric hammocks, and wet clayey sand.<ref name= "Herbarium">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: March 2019. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, N. Bristan, Richard R. Clinebell II, E. H. Cooley, S. T. Cooper, A. H. Curtiss, J. A. Duke, R. J. Eaton, R. K. Godfrey, Edwin Keppner, R. Komarek, R. Kral, John M. Kunzer, R. L. Lazor, D. L. Martin, Gil Nelson, R. A. Norris, R. E. Perdue, P. L. Redfearn, G. W. Reinert, Cecil R. Slaughter, and C. Wood. States and Counties: Florida: Bay, Charlotte, Clay, Escambia, Flagler, Franklin, Gulf, Hernando, Jackson, Leon, Liberty,  Marion, Martin, Okaloosa, Osceola, Polk, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington. Georgia: Clinch, Grady, and Thomas.</ref>  
  
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''A. fissifolius'' responds positively or not at all to soil disturbance by roller chopping in South Florida.<ref>Lewis, C.E. (1970). Responses to Chopping and Rock Phosphate on South Florida Ranges. Journal of Range Management 23(4):276-282.</ref> It does not respond to soil disturbance by clearcutting and chopping in North Florida flatwoods forests.<ref>Moore, W.H., B.F. Swindel, and W.S. Terry. (1882). Vegetative Response to Clearcutting and Chopping in a North Florida Flatwoods Forest. Journal of Range Management 35(2):214-218.</ref>
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''A. fissifolius'' responds positively or not at all to soil disturbance by roller chopping in South Florida.<ref>Lewis, C.E. (1970). Responses to Chopping and Rock Phosphate on South Florida Ranges. Journal of Range Management 23(4):276-282.</ref> It does not respond to soil disturbance by clearcutting and chopping in North Florida flatwoods forests.<ref>Moore, W.H., B.F. Swindel, and W.S. Terry. (1982). Vegetative Response to Clearcutting and Chopping in a North Florida Flatwoods Forest. Journal of Range Management 35(2):214-218.</ref>
  
 
Associated species: ''Fuirena'' sp. and ''Rhynchospora'' sp.<ref name= "Herbarium"/>
 
Associated species: ''Fuirena'' sp. and ''Rhynchospora'' sp.<ref name= "Herbarium"/>

Revision as of 13:07, 22 July 2019

Common name: Common Carpetgrass

Axonopus fissifolius
Axonopus fissifolius AFP.jpg
Photo by the Atlas of Florida Plants Database
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class: Liliopsida - Moncots
Order: Cyperales
Family: Poaceae
Genus: Axonopus
Species: A. fissifolius
Binomial name
Axonopus fissifolius
(Raddi) Kuhlmann
AXON FISS DIST.JPG
Natural range of Axonopus fissifolius from USDA NRCS Plants Database.

Taxonomic Notes

Synonyms: Paspalum fissifolium Raddi; Axonopus affinis Chase

Varieties: none

Description

A. fissifolius is a perennial graminoid of the Poaceae family, is native to North America and Puerto Rico, and has been introduced to Hawaii. [1] Leaf blade can be flat or folded, fine hairs along margin near the base, slightly pointed or rounded, and purplish or reddish when mature. Seedhead has 3 slender racemes, 2 at summit and 1 (rarely 2) below.[2]

Distribution

A. fissifolius can be found in the southeastern United States from Texas to Virginia, California, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. [1]

Ecology

Habitat

A. fissifolius is found in pine flatwoods, sandy forests, fields, roadsides, and lawns. [3] It has also been found in grassland areas with poor drainage, among other bunchgrasses. [4] Other observances include loamy sand of longleaf pine oak wiregrass sandhills, wet depressions, mixed swamps, hydric hammocks, and wet clayey sand.[5]

A. fissifolius responds positively or not at all to soil disturbance by roller chopping in South Florida.[6] It does not respond to soil disturbance by clearcutting and chopping in North Florida flatwoods forests.[7]

Associated species: Fuirena sp. and Rhynchospora sp.[5]

Phenology

A. fissifolius occurs more in spots where grazing and trampling were particularly heavy. [8]

Use by animals

A. fissifolius is rated as good forage. [9] It is grazed all year by various livestock.[2]

Conservation and Management

A. fissifolius is designated as a weedy or invasive plant by the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk Project, Biological Resources Division.[1] For the most production and efficient harvest by livestock, grazing should be rotated each 30 to 40 days with no more than 50% of the current year's growth grazed.[2]

Cultivation and restoration

Photo Gallery

References and notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 USDA Plant Database https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=AXFI
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Magee, P. (2005). Plant Fact Sheet: Common Carpetgrass Axonopus fissifolius. N.R.C.S. United States Department of Agriculture. Baton Rouge, LA.
  3. ↑ . Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.
  4. ↑ Boughton, E., et al. (2013). "Season of fire and nutrient enrichment affect plant community dynamics in subtropical semi-natural grasslands released from agriculture." Biological Conservation 158: 239-247.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: March 2019. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, N. Bristan, Richard R. Clinebell II, E. H. Cooley, S. T. Cooper, A. H. Curtiss, J. A. Duke, R. J. Eaton, R. K. Godfrey, Edwin Keppner, R. Komarek, R. Kral, John M. Kunzer, R. L. Lazor, D. L. Martin, Gil Nelson, R. A. Norris, R. E. Perdue, P. L. Redfearn, G. W. Reinert, Cecil R. Slaughter, and C. Wood. States and Counties: Florida: Bay, Charlotte, Clay, Escambia, Flagler, Franklin, Gulf, Hernando, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Marion, Martin, Okaloosa, Osceola, Polk, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington. Georgia: Clinch, Grady, and Thomas.
  6. ↑ Lewis, C.E. (1970). Responses to Chopping and Rock Phosphate on South Florida Ranges. Journal of Range Management 23(4):276-282.
  7. ↑ Moore, W.H., B.F. Swindel, and W.S. Terry. (1982). Vegetative Response to Clearcutting and Chopping in a North Florida Flatwoods Forest. Journal of Range Management 35(2):214-218.
  8. ↑ Lewis, C. E. (1970). "Responses to chopping and rock phosphate on south Florida ranges " Journal of Range Management 23: 276-282.
  9. ↑ Hilmon, J. B. (1964). "Plants of the Caloosa Experimental Range " U.S. Forest Service Research Paper SE-12
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