Difference between revisions of "Hyptis alata"
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==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| − | ''H. alata'' is commonly found in wet pine savannas, edges of swamp forests, and moist ditches.<ref name= "Weakley"> Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.</ref> Additionally, habitats that specimens of ''H. alata'' have been recovered from include pine flatwoods, in sandy peat of swampland, burned pineland, cypress dome, wet sandy loam, and coastal hammock.<ref name = "FSU herbarium"> URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: R.K. Godfrey, R. Kral, Samuel B. Jones, Jr., Karen MacClendon, Gary R. Knight, Loran C. Anderson. States and counties: Florida (Charlotte, Brevard, Calhoun, Jackson, Franklin), Mississippi (Lamar) </ref> This species can grow in full sun and part shade, moist to wet sandy soils, acidic to circumneutral soil pH, and is cold and heat tolerant.<ref name= "lady bird"/> It is listed by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service as an obligate wetland species that is almost exclusively found in wetland habitats.<ref name= "USDA"/> In terms of disturbances, this species was shown to be negatively affected by clearcutting the overstory.<ref>Brockway, D. G. and C. E. Lewis (2003). "Influence of deer, cattle grazing and timber harvest on plant species diversity in a longleaf pine bluestem ecosystem." Forest Ecology and Management 175: 49-69.</ref> | + | ''H. alata'' is commonly found in wet pine savannas, edges of swamp forests, and moist ditches.<ref name= "Weakley"> Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.</ref> Additionally, habitats that specimens of ''H. alata'' have been recovered from include pine flatwoods, in sandy peat of swampland, burned pineland, cypress dome, wet sandy loam, and coastal hammock.<ref name = "FSU herbarium"> URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: R.K. Godfrey, R. Kral, Samuel B. Jones, Jr., Karen MacClendon, Gary R. Knight, Loran C. Anderson. States and counties: Florida (Charlotte, Brevard, Calhoun, Jackson, Franklin), Mississippi (Lamar) </ref> This species can grow in full sun and part shade, moist to wet sandy soils, acidic to circumneutral soil pH, and is cold and heat tolerant.<ref name= "lady bird"/> It is listed by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service as an obligate wetland species that is almost exclusively found in wetland habitats.<ref name= "USDA"/> As well, it is considered to be an indicator species of the calcareous savanna habitats in Florida.<ref name= "Carr">Carr, S. C., et al. (2010). "A Vegetation Classification of Fire-Dependent Pinelands of Florida." Castanea 75(2): 153-189.</ref> In terms of disturbances, this species was shown to be negatively affected by clearcutting the overstory.<ref>Brockway, D. G. and C. E. Lewis (2003). "Influence of deer, cattle grazing and timber harvest on plant species diversity in a longleaf pine bluestem ecosystem." Forest Ecology and Management 175: 49-69.</ref> |
Associated species include ''Magnolia grandiflora'', ''Celtis'' sp., ''Tilia'' sp., ''Jacquemontia'' sp., ''Stachys'' sp., ''Polygonum'' sp., and others.<ref name= "FSU herbarium"/> | Associated species include ''Magnolia grandiflora'', ''Celtis'' sp., ''Tilia'' sp., ''Jacquemontia'' sp., ''Stachys'' sp., ''Polygonum'' sp., and others.<ref name= "FSU herbarium"/> | ||
Revision as of 14:02, 30 May 2019
Common names: clustered bushmint [1] , musky mint [2]
| Hyptis alata | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by the Southeastern Flora Plant Database | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida - Dicots |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Lamiaceae |
| Genus: | Hyptis |
| Species: | H. alata |
| Binomial name | |
| Hyptis alata Raf. | |
| |
| Natural range of Hyptis alata from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Contents
Taxonomic Notes
Synonyms: H. radiata Willdenow
Description
H. alata is a perennial forb/herb of the Lamiaceae family that is native to North America.[1] It can grow up to 4 feet tall with round flower heads and individual flowers spotted with purple. Leaves simple, oppositely arranged, lanceolate, and with serrated leaf margins. As well, its common name comes from the musky mint odor the plant gives off.[3]
Distribution
H. alata is specifically found in Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas in the southeastern United States. [1] It is also native to the West Indies.[4]
Ecology
Habitat
H. alata is commonly found in wet pine savannas, edges of swamp forests, and moist ditches.[4] Additionally, habitats that specimens of H. alata have been recovered from include pine flatwoods, in sandy peat of swampland, burned pineland, cypress dome, wet sandy loam, and coastal hammock.[5] This species can grow in full sun and part shade, moist to wet sandy soils, acidic to circumneutral soil pH, and is cold and heat tolerant.[3] It is listed by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service as an obligate wetland species that is almost exclusively found in wetland habitats.[1] As well, it is considered to be an indicator species of the calcareous savanna habitats in Florida.[6] In terms of disturbances, this species was shown to be negatively affected by clearcutting the overstory.[7]
Associated species include Magnolia grandiflora, Celtis sp., Tilia sp., Jacquemontia sp., Stachys sp., Polygonum sp., and others.[5]
Phenology
Generally, H. alata flowers from late June until September.[4] It has been observed to flower in June, July, September, and October. [8]
Fire ecology
This species has been observed in habitats that have fire disturbance.[5]
Use by animals
This species attracts bees, birds, and butterflies, and is moderately deer resistant.[3]
Conservation and Management
Hyptis alata is considered a vulnerable species in the state of North Carolina.[9]
Cultivation and restoration
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 USDA Plant Database
- ↑ Kalmbacher, R. S., et al. (1994). "South Florida flatwoods range vegetation responses to season of deferment from grazing." Journal of Range Management 47(1): 43-47.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 [[1]] Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. Accessed: May 30, 2019
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: R.K. Godfrey, R. Kral, Samuel B. Jones, Jr., Karen MacClendon, Gary R. Knight, Loran C. Anderson. States and counties: Florida (Charlotte, Brevard, Calhoun, Jackson, Franklin), Mississippi (Lamar)
- ↑ Carr, S. C., et al. (2010). "A Vegetation Classification of Fire-Dependent Pinelands of Florida." Castanea 75(2): 153-189.
- ↑ Brockway, D. G. and C. E. Lewis (2003). "Influence of deer, cattle grazing and timber harvest on plant species diversity in a longleaf pine bluestem ecosystem." Forest Ecology and Management 175: 49-69.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 22 MAY 2018
- ↑ [[2]] NatureServe Explorer. Accessed: May 30, 2019
