Difference between revisions of "Xyris elliottii"
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The Florida Grasshopper Sparrow nest material are made up of grasses and grass-like monocots, such as ''Xyris elliottii''. Other plant species used in making the nests include wiregrass and bluestems <ref name=”Delany1998”> Delany, Michael F. and Stephen B. Linda (1998). “Characteristics of Florida Grasshopper Sparrow Nests.” The Wilson Bulletin Vol. 110, No. 1: 136-139. </ref>. | The Florida Grasshopper Sparrow nest material are made up of grasses and grass-like monocots, such as ''Xyris elliottii''. Other plant species used in making the nests include wiregrass and bluestems <ref name=”Delany1998”> Delany, Michael F. and Stephen B. Linda (1998). “Characteristics of Florida Grasshopper Sparrow Nests.” The Wilson Bulletin Vol. 110, No. 1: 136-139. </ref>. | ||
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==Conservation and Management== | ==Conservation and Management== | ||
The primary threats to ''Xyris elliottii'' is mainly mismanagement of the habitat where it thrives. Mismanagement practices include fire suppression, conversion to agriculture, monoculture plantations (such as ''Pinus elliottii''), highway development, and urban sprawl. If this species were to become threatened or endangered, practicing ideal land management by protecting its habitat would help conserve the species<ref name="redlist">[[http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/44392390/0 ]]IUCN Red List. Accessed: March 15, 2016.</ref>. | The primary threats to ''Xyris elliottii'' is mainly mismanagement of the habitat where it thrives. Mismanagement practices include fire suppression, conversion to agriculture, monoculture plantations (such as ''Pinus elliottii''), highway development, and urban sprawl. If this species were to become threatened or endangered, practicing ideal land management by protecting its habitat would help conserve the species<ref name="redlist">[[http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/44392390/0 ]]IUCN Red List. Accessed: March 15, 2016.</ref>. | ||
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File: Xyri_elli_SDenton_NatPhoto_flwrs.jpg | <center> Flowers of ''Xyris'' ''elliottii'' <p> Photo by Shirley Denton (Copyrighted, use by photographer’s permission only), [http://www.shirleydenton.com/welcome Nature Photography by Shirley Denton] </p> | File: Xyri_elli_SDenton_NatPhoto_flwrs.jpg | <center> Flowers of ''Xyris'' ''elliottii'' <p> Photo by Shirley Denton (Copyrighted, use by photographer’s permission only), [http://www.shirleydenton.com/welcome Nature Photography by Shirley Denton] </p> | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
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==References and notes== | ==References and notes== | ||
Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA. | Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA. | ||
Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: November 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, W.W. Baker, Edwin L. Bridges, Paul M. Cassen, A.H. Curtiss, Angus Gholson Jr., Robert K. Godfrey, Ann F. Johnson, Ed Keppner, Lisa Keppner, Mabel Kral, Robert Kral, O. Lakela, S.W. Leonard, William Lindsey, K. MacClendon, T. MacClendon, Sidney McDaniel, Gil Nelson, Steve Orzell, P.L. Redfearn Jr. , Grady W. Reinert, Jean W. Wooten. States and Counties: Florida: Bay, Bradford, Brevard, Calhoun, Charlotte, Citrus, Clay, Collier, Escambia, Franklin, Gilchrist, Gulf, Hernando, Hillsborough, Indian River, Jackson, Jefferson, Lafayette, Lake, Lee, Leon, Levy, Liberty, Marion, Martin, Okaloosa, Orange, Osceola, Palm Beach, Pasco, Polk, Putnam, Santa Rosa, Sarasota, St. Lucie, St. Johns, Sumter, Taylor, Volusia, Wakulla, Walton, Washington. Countries: Belize.Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy. | Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: November 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, W.W. Baker, Edwin L. Bridges, Paul M. Cassen, A.H. Curtiss, Angus Gholson Jr., Robert K. Godfrey, Ann F. Johnson, Ed Keppner, Lisa Keppner, Mabel Kral, Robert Kral, O. Lakela, S.W. Leonard, William Lindsey, K. MacClendon, T. MacClendon, Sidney McDaniel, Gil Nelson, Steve Orzell, P.L. Redfearn Jr. , Grady W. Reinert, Jean W. Wooten. States and Counties: Florida: Bay, Bradford, Brevard, Calhoun, Charlotte, Citrus, Clay, Collier, Escambia, Franklin, Gilchrist, Gulf, Hernando, Hillsborough, Indian River, Jackson, Jefferson, Lafayette, Lake, Lee, Leon, Levy, Liberty, Marion, Martin, Okaloosa, Orange, Osceola, Palm Beach, Pasco, Polk, Putnam, Santa Rosa, Sarasota, St. Lucie, St. Johns, Sumter, Taylor, Volusia, Wakulla, Walton, Washington. Countries: Belize.Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy. | ||
Revision as of 14:37, 7 June 2016
| Xyris elliottii | |
|---|---|
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| Photo by Shirley Denton (Copyrighted, use by photographer’s permission only), Nature Photography by Shirley Denton | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Liliopsida – Monocotyledons |
| Order: | Commelinales |
| Family: | Xyridaceae |
| Genus: | Xyris |
| Species: | X. elliottii |
| Binomial name | |
| Xyris elliottii Chapm. | |
| |
| Natural range of Xyris elliottii from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common name: Elliott's yelloweyed grass
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonyms: Xyris elliottii var. elliottii; Xyris elliottii var. stenotera Malme
Description
A description of Xyris elliottii is provided in The Flora of North America.
Distribution
Ecology
Habitat
Xyris elliotti can occur in floating islands of depression swamps, lake shores, wet pine flatwoods, pine-palmetto flats, dune swales, flatwoods bogs, moist pine barrens, Hypericum marshes, cypress domes, sinkhole lake shores, dune hollows, grass-sedge bogs, cypress-gum swamps, hardwood hammocks, and seepage slopes. It has occurred in disturbed areas such as roadside depressions, drying borrow pit ponds, bulldozed flatwoods, and powerline corridors (FSU Herbarium). Soils types include peaty soil, loamy sand, peaty sand, Mandarin (Typic Haplhumods), Clarendon (Plinthaquic Paleudults), and Pineda and Riviera (Arenic Glossaqualfs) (FSU Herbarium). Occurs in pine-palmetto and also wet prairie habitats, occurrence is common, and has a poor forage value [1].
Associated species include Decodon, Drosera, Polygala, Spartina patens, Centella asiatica, Lycopodium, Syngonanthus flavidulus, Panicum hemitomon, Scleria reticularis, Rhynchospora, Andropogon, Juncus, Amphicarpum muhlenbergianum, Lycopodium appressum, Lachnocaulon engleri, Syngonanthus flavidulus, Sarracenia flava, Polygala, Rhexia, Rhynchospora, Platanthera nivea, Panicum erectifolia, Aster eryngifolius, Rhexia lutea, Polygala chapmanii, Xyris drummondii, X. fimbriata, Scleria reticularis and Panicum tenerum (FSU Herbarium).
Phenology
Flowers and fruits April through September (FSU Herbarium).
Fire ecology
Urban sprawl and fire suppression have caused habitat depletion locally, state-wide, nation-wide, and around the world. Fortunately, there have been pineland communities that have been maintain by natural-set fires. Carr (2010) and her colleagues presented a classification and description of these pineland communities creating comprehensive vegetation surveys for each community type. Within the peninsula savanna, a wetland community type described by Carr (2010), Xyris elliottii occurs with the ground cover vegetation and is one of the indicator species. Peninsula savannas occur in the Coastal Plain Coastal Lowlands where there are high water tables and where seasonal inundation is common. The soil type is sandier and is higher in organic matter with a subsoil that includes low clay and silt. [2].
Pollination
The following Hymenoptera families and species were observed visiting flowers of Xyris elliottii at Archbold Biological Station (Deyrup 2015):
Apidae: Apis mellifera, Bombus impatiens
Colletidae: Colletes distinctus
Halictidae: Augochloropsis sumptuosa, Lasioglossum coreopsis, L. nymphalis
Megachilidae: Megachile brevis pseudobrevis
Use by animals
The Florida Grasshopper Sparrow nest material are made up of grasses and grass-like monocots, such as Xyris elliottii. Other plant species used in making the nests include wiregrass and bluestems [3].
Conservation and Management
The primary threats to Xyris elliottii is mainly mismanagement of the habitat where it thrives. Mismanagement practices include fire suppression, conversion to agriculture, monoculture plantations (such as Pinus elliottii), highway development, and urban sprawl. If this species were to become threatened or endangered, practicing ideal land management by protecting its habitat would help conserve the species[4].
Cultivation and restoration
Photo Gallery
Flowers of Xyris elliottii Photo by Shirley Denton (Copyrighted, use by photographer’s permission only), Nature Photography by Shirley Denton
References and notes
Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.
Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: November 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, W.W. Baker, Edwin L. Bridges, Paul M. Cassen, A.H. Curtiss, Angus Gholson Jr., Robert K. Godfrey, Ann F. Johnson, Ed Keppner, Lisa Keppner, Mabel Kral, Robert Kral, O. Lakela, S.W. Leonard, William Lindsey, K. MacClendon, T. MacClendon, Sidney McDaniel, Gil Nelson, Steve Orzell, P.L. Redfearn Jr. , Grady W. Reinert, Jean W. Wooten. States and Counties: Florida: Bay, Bradford, Brevard, Calhoun, Charlotte, Citrus, Clay, Collier, Escambia, Franklin, Gilchrist, Gulf, Hernando, Hillsborough, Indian River, Jackson, Jefferson, Lafayette, Lake, Lee, Leon, Levy, Liberty, Marion, Martin, Okaloosa, Orange, Osceola, Palm Beach, Pasco, Polk, Putnam, Santa Rosa, Sarasota, St. Lucie, St. Johns, Sumter, Taylor, Volusia, Wakulla, Walton, Washington. Countries: Belize.Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.
- ↑ Hilmon, J.B. (1964). “Plants of the Caloosa Experimental Range.” U.S. Forest Service Research Paper S E – 12.
- ↑ Carr, Susan C., Kevin M. Robertson, and Robert K. Peet (2010). “A Vegetation Classification of Fire-Dependent Pinelands of Florida.” Castanea 75(2):153-189.
- ↑ Delany, Michael F. and Stephen B. Linda (1998). “Characteristics of Florida Grasshopper Sparrow Nests.” The Wilson Bulletin Vol. 110, No. 1: 136-139.
- ↑ [[1]]IUCN Red List. Accessed: March 15, 2016.
