Difference between revisions of "Parkinsonia aculeata"
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| − | ===Pollination=== | + | ===Pollination and use by animals=== |
| − | + | ''Parkinsonia aculeata'' has been observed at the Archbold Biological Station to host pollinators such as:<ref name="Deyrup 2015">Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.</ref> | |
| − | Apidae: ''Apis mellifera'' | + | Bees from the family Apidae: ''Apis mellifera'' |
| − | Colletidae: ''Hylaeus confluens'' | + | Plasterer bees from the family Colletidae: ''Hylaeus confluens'' |
| − | Megachilidae: ''Anthidiellum notatum rufomaculatum, A. perplexum, Anthidium maculifrons, Coelioxys germana, C. sayi, C. texana, Dianthidium floridiense, Dolichostelis louisae, Heriades leavitti, Megachile brevis pseudobrevis, M. exilis parexilis, M. frugalis, M. georgica, M. inimica, M. integra, M. mendica, M. petulans, M. policaris, M. rugifrons, M. texana'' | + | Leafcutting bees from the family Megachilidae: ''Anthidiellum notatum rufomaculatum, A. perplexum, Anthidium maculifrons, Coelioxys germana, C. sayi, C. texana, Dianthidium floridiense, Dolichostelis louisae, Heriades leavitti, Megachile brevis pseudobrevis, M. exilis parexilis, M. frugalis, M. georgica, M. inimica, M. integra, M. mendica, M. petulans, M. policaris, M. rugifrons, M. texana'' |
| − | Sphecidae: ''Ectemnius rufipes ais'' | + | Thread-waisted wasps from the family Sphecidae: ''Ectemnius rufipes ais'' |
| − | Vespidae: ''Polistes exclamans'' | + | Wasps from the family Vespidae: ''Polistes exclamans'' |
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Revision as of 10:17, 22 June 2021
| Parkinsonia aculeata | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by Dennis Girard, Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Fabaceae ⁄ Leguminosae |
| Genus: | Parkinsonia |
| Species: | P. aculeata |
| Binomial name | |
| Parkinsonia aculeata L. | |
| |
| Natural range of Parkinsonia aculeata from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common names: Jerusalem thorn; Mexican Palo Verde
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonyms: none.[1]
Varieties: none.[1]
Description
P. aculeata is a thorny shrub with weakly papilionaceous flowers.[2] The leaflets are 1-5 mm long while the leaves are 2-pinnate and subsessile.[1]
Distribution
It is a native to Mexico but has spread and become naturalized in Florida.[3]
Ecology
Habitat
Habitats include grasslands, open woodlands, rangelands, pastures, waste areas, disturbed sites, roadsides, and near creeks.[4] It is adapted to life in the desert, by modified transpiration techniques and producing food with photosynthetic tissue in the bark.[5] Soil types include sandy loam, sand, clay, and loam.[6][7]
If growing in an over-irrigated spot, P. aculeata is susceptible to powdery mildew and root rot.[6]
Phenology
Flowers and fruits March through August.[7][8]
Seed dispersal
Seeds are dispersed by birds and other animals.[4]
Seed bank and germination
Seeds have a tegumentary dormancy which allows them to last a long time in seed banks until germination conditions are favorable.[9]
Pollination and use by animals
Parkinsonia aculeata has been observed at the Archbold Biological Station to host pollinators such as:[10]
Bees from the family Apidae: Apis mellifera
Plasterer bees from the family Colletidae: Hylaeus confluens
Leafcutting bees from the family Megachilidae: Anthidiellum notatum rufomaculatum, A. perplexum, Anthidium maculifrons, Coelioxys germana, C. sayi, C. texana, Dianthidium floridiense, Dolichostelis louisae, Heriades leavitti, Megachile brevis pseudobrevis, M. exilis parexilis, M. frugalis, M. georgica, M. inimica, M. integra, M. mendica, M. petulans, M. policaris, M. rugifrons, M. texana
Thread-waisted wasps from the family Sphecidae: Ectemnius rufipes ais
Wasps from the family Vespidae: Polistes exclamans
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
Cultural use
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- ↑ Radford, A. E., Ahles, H. E., & Bell, C. R. (1968). Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
- ↑ [[1]] Pacific Horticulture. Accessed: February 17, 2016
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 [[2]] Accessed: February 16, 2016
- ↑ [[3]] Floridata. Accessed: February 16, 2016
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 [[4]] Accessed: February 16, 2016
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: October 2015. Collectors: Antonia Araiza, Robert Blaisdell, Kurt Blum, Ted Bradley, Richard Carter, Felipe Cisneros, J. Dwyer, Augustin Gamez, Robert K. Godfrey, James Henrickson, B.F. Meck, William R. Stimson, David W. Thompson, Edwin L. Tyson. States and Counties: Arizona: Maricopa. Florida: Dade, Leon, Pinellas. South Carolina: Beaufort. Texas: Live Oak, Victoria, Webb, Zapata. Countries: Costa Rica, Mexico. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 19 MAY 2021
- ↑ Agra, PFM, et al. "Methods for Overcoming Dormancy of Parkinsonia Aculeata L. Seeds."SEMINA-CIENCIAS AGRARIAS36.3 (2015): 1191-202.
- ↑ Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.
