Difference between revisions of "Agalinis divaricata"
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==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | It is infrequent in central, north, and west Florida. Found from: West to Mississippi, east to Alabama<ref name="hall"/>. Listed as critically imperiled in Alabama and Georgia.<ref name="natureserve">[[http://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Agalinis+divaricata]]NatureServe. Accessed: March 21, 2016</ref> On the Florida panhandle and northern peninsula, observations have been made from Santa Rosa county<ref name="Hammer 2016"/><ref name="Davis 2003">Observation by Kim Davis in Blackwater Forest, Santa Rosa County, FL, September 19-28, 2003, posted to Florida Flora and Ecosystematics Facebook Group September 20126.</ref>, eastward to Leon and Wakulla, and in Levy, Alachua, Marion, Citrus, and Hernando counties.<ref name="Hammer 2016"/> | + | It is infrequent in central, north, and west Florida. Found from: West to Mississippi, east to Alabama<ref name="hall"/>. Listed as critically imperiled in Alabama and Georgia.<ref name="natureserve">[[http://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Agalinis+divaricata]]NatureServe. Accessed: March 21, 2016</ref> On the Florida panhandle and northern peninsula, observations have been made from Santa Rosa county<ref name="Hammer 2016"/><ref name="Davis 2003">Observation by Kim Davis in Blackwater Forest and Garcon Point Nature Trail, Santa Rosa County, FL, September 19-28, 2003, posted to Florida Flora and Ecosystematics Facebook Group September 20126.</ref>, eastward to Leon and Wakulla, and in Levy, Alachua, Marion, Citrus, and Hernando counties.<ref name="Hammer 2016"/> |
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
Revision as of 12:11, 19 February 2018
| Agalinis divaricata | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by Michelle Smith at Torreya State Park | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Orobancheaceae |
| Genus: | Agalinis |
| Species: | A. divaricata |
| Binomial name | |
| Agalinis divaricata (Chapm.) Pennell | |
| |
| Natural range of Agalinis divaricata from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common names: Pineland false foxglove; Little gerardia
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonym: Gerardia divaricata Chapm.
Description
It is an annual and flowers in the fall[1]. It flowers summer to fall.[2]
Distribution
It is infrequent in central, north, and west Florida. Found from: West to Mississippi, east to Alabama[1]. Listed as critically imperiled in Alabama and Georgia.[3] On the Florida panhandle and northern peninsula, observations have been made from Santa Rosa county[4][5], eastward to Leon and Wakulla, and in Levy, Alachua, Marion, Citrus, and Hernando counties.[4]
Ecology
Habitat
It occurs primarily in well drained sands and loamy sands of pine-oak sandhill communities, sand dunes and interdune hollows (Entisols), and pine flatwoods communities (Spodosols). It thrives in frequently burned areas.[6] It is found in dry, scrub pinelands.[1] It is found in dry pine-oak savannas, sandhills, and mesic bog margins[2]. Found in dry loamy sands, well drained sands, deep coarse sands, and loamy sand areas.[6] A. divaricata is also fund in human disturbed areas such as pine plantations, old fields, and along roadside edges and ditches. It does well in high levels of light.
Associated species: Myrica, Pinus, Quercus, Liatris, Pityopsis, Agalinis pulchella, Agalinis aphylla, Agalinis tenuifolia, Agalinis plukenetii, Quercus laevis, Aristida stricta, Andropogon spp.; Polygonella, Chrysopsis, Haplopappus, Opuntia, Eupatorium, Dicerandra, Trichostema, Liatris gracilis, and others.[6]
Phenology
Flowers September to December with the peak of inflorescence in October.[7] In dry, longleaf pine forests and savannas of the Florida panhandle and northern peninsular Florida, A. divaricata flower from September through October.[4]
Fire ecology
It thrives in frequently burned areas; and occurs in areas with extremely xeric conditions (such as sand dunes) which limit competition with other vegetation.[6]
Use by animals
Agalinis species, including this one, host larvae of the common buckeye butterfly (Junonia coenia) in Florida.[4]
Conservation and management
A. divaricata requires fire or other vegetation-removing disturbance to maintain high light levels in the habitat which also reduces competition. It does not appear to be common in areas with a great deal of soil disturbance, although it occurs along roadsides and ditches.[6] This species is highly threatened by land-use conversion, habitat fragmentation and forest management practices.[3]
Cultivation and restoration
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Hall, David W. Illustrated Plants of Florida and the Coastal Plain: based on the collections of Leland and Lucy Baltzell. 1993. A Maupin House Book. Gainesville. 341. Print.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Wunderlin, Richard P. and Bruce F. Hansen. Guide to the Vascular Plants of Florida. Second edition. 2003. University Press of Florida: Gainesville/Tallahassee/Tampa/Boca Raton/Pensacola/Orlando/Miami/Jacksonville/Ft. Myers. 546. Print.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 [[1]]NatureServe. Accessed: March 21, 2016
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Observation by Roger Hammer in Silver Springs State Park, Marion County, FL. September 2016, posted to Florida Flora and Ecosystematics Facebook Group August 4, 2017.
- ↑ Observation by Kim Davis in Blackwater Forest and Garcon Point Nature Trail, Santa Rosa County, FL, September 19-28, 2003, posted to Florida Flora and Ecosystematics Facebook Group September 20126.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 .Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: Sidney McDaniel, Andre F. Clewell, Robert K. Godfrey, Paul O. Schallert, J. M. Canne, John Morrill, Loran C. Anderson, J. Hays, Robert Kral, Jean W. Wooten, H. E. Grelen, John C. Semple, L. Brouillet, Wilson Baker, H. Roth, V Craig, Bill Boothe, Marcia Boothe, R. A. Norris, and T. MacClendon. States and Counties: Florida: Bay, Calhoun, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Levy, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed:12/6/16
