Difference between revisions of "Cuscuta compacta"

From Coastal Plain Plants Wiki
Jump to: navigation, search
(Ecology)
Line 36: Line 36:
 
<!--===Seed dispersal===-->
 
<!--===Seed dispersal===-->
  
===Seed bank and germination===-->
+
===Seed bank and germination===
 
In Virginia, ''C. compacta'' has a very high percentage of seed set.<ref name="Musselman 1986"/>
 
In Virginia, ''C. compacta'' has a very high percentage of seed set.<ref name="Musselman 1986"/>
 
<!--===Fire ecology===--> <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses-->
 
<!--===Fire ecology===--> <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses-->

Revision as of 08:37, 25 January 2018

Cuscuta compacta
Cuscuta compacta AFP.jpg
Photo by the Atlas of Florida Plants Database
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida - Dicots
Order: Solanales
Family: Cuscutaceae
Genus: Cuscuta
Species: C. compacta
Binomial name
Cuscuta compacta
Juss
CUSC COMP DIST.JPG
Natural range of Cuscuta compacta from USDA NRCS Plants Database.

Common Name: compact dodder[1][2]

Taxonomic Notes

Varieties: C. compacta var. compacta; C. compacta var. efimbriata[1][2]

Description

C. compacta is a parasitic dioecious perennial that grows as a forb/herb or a vine.[2] Stems are more than 2 mm in diameter. This species is typically a light green color, but there is considerable variation within the species.[3]

Distribution

C. compacta occurs from Nebraska, south to Texas, eastward to central peninsular Florida, and northward to Illinois, New York, and New Hampshire.[1][2] It has also been introduced in Quebec Canada.[2]

Ecology

Habitat

C. compacta is found on herbaceous and woody hosts in bottomland forests, stream banks, marshes, swamps, pine savannahs, wet fields, and other wet habitats.[1] This species has been reported parasitizing Vaccinium ashei and V. corymbosum in North Carolina[4] and Citrus sinensis in Florida.[5]

Phenology

In the southern and mid-Atlantic United States, C. compacta flowers from late July through November.[1][6]

Seed bank and germination

In Virginia, C. compacta has a very high percentage of seed set.[3]

Pollination

While other species of Cuscuta are well adapted for insect pollination, C. compacta is well developed for autogamy.[3]

Use by animals

Pawnee Indians would use C. compacta to dye materials, such as feathers, orange. Maidens of the Pawnee would also use the parasite for divination to determine if their suitors sincerely loved them. A Mexican Indian has reported that rattlesnakes would take this plant into their dens for food.[7]

Diseases and parasites

C. compacta is reported to transmit the psorosis virus to 5% of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) tested.[5]

Conservation and Management

Cultivation and restoration

Photo Gallery

References and notes

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Weakley AS (2015) Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Herbarium.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 USDA NRCS (2016) The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 24 January 2018). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA.
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Musselman LJ (1986) The genus Cuscuta in Virginia. Castanea 51(3):188-196.
  4. Monaco TJ, Mainland CM (1981) Cuscuta compacta on blueberries in North Carolina. Haustorium, Parasitic Plants Newsletter 7:1.
  5. 5.0 5.1 Price WC (1965) Transmission of psorosis virus by dodder. International organization of citrus virologists conference proceedings (1957-2010) 3(3):162-166.
  6. Nelson G (24 January 2018) PanFlora. Retrieved from gilnelson.com/PanFlora/
  7. Gilmore MR (1919) Uses of plants by the indians of the Missouri river region. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Annual Report 33.