Difference between revisions of "Verbena carnea"
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Common name: Carolina false vervain | Common name: Carolina false vervain | ||
==Taxonomic notes== | ==Taxonomic notes== | ||
| − | Synonym name: ''Stylodon carneus'' | + | Synonym name: ''Stylodon carneus'' (Medikus) Moldenke; ''Stylodon carolinensis'' (Walter) Small; ''Verbena caroliniana'' Michaux |
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | ||
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It has been documented flowering in April and October and fruiting in May (FSU Herbarium). | It has been documented flowering in April and October and fruiting in May (FSU Herbarium). | ||
| − | ===Seed dispersal=== | + | <!--===Seed dispersal===--> |
| − | ===Seed bank and germination=== | + | <!--===Seed bank and germination===--> |
===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ||
It flowers from resprouted vegetation within one month after burning during the growing season.([[KMR]])<ref name=PH> Observations at Pebble Hill Plantation, Thomasville, GA in upland longleaf pine-wiregrass on Ultisols in or near long-term research plots, 2015.</ref> | It flowers from resprouted vegetation within one month after burning during the growing season.([[KMR]])<ref name=PH> Observations at Pebble Hill Plantation, Thomasville, GA in upland longleaf pine-wiregrass on Ultisols in or near long-term research plots, 2015.</ref> | ||
| − | + | <!--===Pollination===--> | |
| − | ===Pollination=== | + | <!--===Use by animals===--> <!--Herbivory, granivory, insect hosting, etc.--> |
| − | ===Use by animals=== <!--Herbivory, granivory, insect hosting, etc.--> | + | <!--===Diseases and parasites===--> |
| − | ===Diseases and parasites=== | ||
==Conservation and Management== | ==Conservation and Management== | ||
==Cultivation and restoration== | ==Cultivation and restoration== | ||
Revision as of 10:49, 7 June 2016
| Verbena carnea | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo taken by Kevin Robertson | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Verbenaceae |
| Genus: | Verbena |
| Species: | V. carnea |
| Binomial name | |
| Verbena carnea (Medik.) Moldenke | |
| |
| Natural range of Verbena carnea from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common name: Carolina false vervain
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonym name: Stylodon carneus (Medikus) Moldenke; Stylodon carolinensis (Walter) Small; Verbena caroliniana Michaux
Description
"Annual or perennial herbs with erect, or ascending to prostrate, quadrangular stems. Leaves simple, opposite. Flowers in terminal, bracteate spikes, the spike usually cymose, paniculate, or solitary. Calyx 5-lobed, lobed united to near apex, the lower usually longer than the upper; corolla salverform, zygomorphic to nearly actinomorphic; stamens included, attached to upper part of corolla tube at 2 levels; stigmas 2, style 1, locules 3. Fruit a schizocarp of 3 mericarps. Mericarps oblong, brown, usually lustrous, and rounded on back, white, grayish or tan, warty or muricate, and flattened on inner surface. Mericarps that separate readily are usually more warty or muricate than those that adhere tightly." - Radford et al 1964
"Erect to ascending perennial, nonstoloniferous, 4-9 dm tall, branched above. Leaves elliptic, oblong or oblanceolate, 4-9 cm long, 1.2-3 cm wide, obtuse to acute, serrate, usually doubly, base attenuate, the uppermost pair of leaves just below the first branches usually pair of basal lobes. Spikes 1-5, terminating the stem, stiffly erect or arching, 1.5-4 dm long, 8-12 mm in diam., flowers imbricate to distant, fruit distant; bracts 1/2 -1X length of calyx. Calyx 3-4.5 mm long, lobes curved inward, not connivent in fruit; corolla pink or pinkish lavender, more than 2X as long as the calyx, lobes 4-6 mm long; bracts, calyx and corolla tube pubescent. Rachis stipitate-glandular. Mericarps all well developed, tightly adhering, appearing as one, 2.8-3 mm long." - Radford et al 1964
Distribution
Ecology
Habitat
In the Coastal Plain in Florida and Georgia, V. carnea can be found in mixed pine-hardwood stands, burned pinelands, pine-mixed oak-wiregrass communities, and longleaf pine-wiregrass sand ridges (FSU Herbarium). Has been observed to grow in loamy sand (FSU Herbarium).
Phenology
It has been documented flowering in April and October and fruiting in May (FSU Herbarium).
Fire ecology
It flowers from resprouted vegetation within one month after burning during the growing season.(KMR)[1]
Conservation and Management
Cultivation and restoration
Photo Gallery
Leaves of Verbena carnea Photo by Kevin Robertson
Verbena carnea root Photo by Kevin Robertson
Pebble Hill Plantation
2015
Verbena carnea root Photo by Kevin Robertson
Pebble Hill Plantation
2015
.JPG)
References and notes
Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Rodie White, R. Komarek, R. A. Norris, Robert K. Godfrey, Richard R. Clinebell II, T. MacClendon, - Boothes. States and Counties: Florida: Jackson, Leon, Wakulla. Georgia: Decatur, Grady, Thomas. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.
Radford, Albert E., Harry E. Ahles, and C. Ritchie Bell. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. 1964, 1968. The University of North Carolina Press. 890. Print.
- ↑ Observations at Pebble Hill Plantation, Thomasville, GA in upland longleaf pine-wiregrass on Ultisols in or near long-term research plots, 2015.
