Difference between revisions of "Hypericum myrtifolium"

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Common name: myrtleleaf St. Johnswort; polebark St. Johnswort
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Common name: Myrtle-leaf St. John's-wort<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref>; Polebark St. John's-wort
 
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==Taxonomic Notes==
 
==Taxonomic Notes==
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Synonyms: none.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref>
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Varieties: none.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref>
  
 
==Description==  
 
==Description==  
 
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. -->
 
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. -->
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''H. myrtifolium'' is a native perennial shrub that is a member of the Clusiaceae family. <ref name= "USDA"> USDA Plants Database URL: https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=HYMY </ref> It is most recognizable by its clasping leaves, which are usually glaucous. <ref name= "Carr"> Carr, L. G. (1940). "Further notes on coastal floral elements in the bogs of Augusta County, Virginia." Rhodora 42(495): 86-93. </ref>
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''H. myrtifolium'' is a native perennial shrub that is a member of the Clusiaceae family.<ref name= "USDA"> USDA Plants Database URL: https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=HYMY </ref> It is most recognizable by its clasping leaves, which are usually glaucous.<ref name= "Carr"> Carr, L. G. (1940). "Further notes on coastal floral elements in the bogs of Augusta County, Virginia." Rhodora 42(495): 86-93. </ref>
  
 
==Distribution==
 
==Distribution==
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''H. myrtifolium'' is a southeastern coastal plain endemic species, found mainly in Florida, but can also be found sparingly in southern Alabama, Gerogia, and Mississippi.<ref name= "USDA"/><ref name= "Weakley">Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.</ref>
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''H. myrtifolium'' is endemic to the southeastern Coastal Plain, found mainly in Florida, and sparingly throughout southern Alabama, Georgia, and Mississippi.<ref name= "USDA"/><ref name= "Weakley">Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.</ref>
  
 
==Ecology==
 
==Ecology==
 
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.-->
 
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.-->
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''H. myrtifolium'' is primarily found in habitats surrounding ponds.<ref name= "Weakley"/> It is naturally found in fresh-water communities and marshes infrequently. <ref name= "Hilmon"> Hilmon, J. B. (1964). "Plants of the Caloosa Experimental Range " U.S. Forest Service Research Paper SE-12 </ref> Other natural communities include sandhills and flatwoods. <ref name= "Platt"> Platt, W. J., Gregory W. Evans, and Mary M. Davis (1988). "Effects of Fires Season on Flowering of Forbs and Shurbs in Longleaf Pine Forests." Oecologia 76(3): 353-363. </ref> More specifically, ''H. myrtifolium'' can be found in dry loamy sand in open pine woodlands, sand pine stands, moist loams of swales in pine woodland, and in shaded swamps.<ref name= "Herbarium"> Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Wilson Baker, R. A. Norris, Robert K. Godfrey, R. Komarek, M. Davis, J. M. Kane, Cecil R. Slaughterm and R. Kral. States and counties: Florida: Leon, Wakulla, Duval, and Madison. Georgia: Thomas and Clinch. </ref> It is listed by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service as a facultative wetland species that is most often found in wetland habitats but can also occasionally be found in non-wetland habitats.<ref name= "USDA"/> As well, it is considered indicative of the peninsula savannas in Florida.<ref name= "Carr 2010">Carr, S. C., et al. (2010). "A Vegetation Classification of Fire-Dependent Pinelands of Florida." Castanea 75(2): 153-189.</ref>
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''H. myrtifolium'' frequents pond-adjacent habitats, fresh-waterbodies. and the occasional marsh.<ref name= "Hilmon"> Hilmon, J. B. (1964). "Plants of the Caloosa Experimental Range " U.S. Forest Service Research Paper SE-12 </ref><ref name= "Weakley"/> Other natural communities include the sandhills and flatwoods.<ref name= "Platt"> Platt, W. J., Gregory W. Evans, and Mary M. Davis (1988). "Effects of Fires Season on Flowering of Forbs and Shurbs in Longleaf Pine Forests." Oecologia 76(3): 353-363. </ref> More specifically, ''H. myrtifolium'' can be found in dry loamy sands of open pine woodlands, moist loams of pine woodland swales, sand pine stands, and shaded swamps.<ref name= "Herbarium"> Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Wilson Baker, R. A. Norris, Robert K. Godfrey, R. Komarek, M. Davis, J. M. Kane, Cecil R. Slaughterm and R. Kral. States and counties: Florida: Leon, Wakulla, Duval, and Madison. Georgia: Thomas and Clinch. </ref> It is considered an indicator species of the peninsula savannas in Florida.<ref name= "Carr 2010">Carr, S. C., et al. (2010). "A Vegetation Classification of Fire-Dependent Pinelands of Florida." Castanea 75(2): 153-189.</ref>
  
 
Associated species include ''Hypericum harperi''.<ref name= "Herbarium"/>
 
Associated species include ''Hypericum harperi''.<ref name= "Herbarium"/>
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''Hypericum myrtifolium'' is an indicator species for the Peninsula Savannas community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).<ref>Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.</ref>
 
  
 
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers.  Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ -->
 
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers.  Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ -->
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''H. myrtifolium'' commonly flowers from April until June.<ref>[[https://www.wildflower.org/plants/search.php?search_field=&newsearch=true]] Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. Accessed: May 28, 2019</ref> It has been observed flowering from May to July as well as October to December. <ref name= "Panflora"> Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 22 MAY 2018 </ref> <ref name= "Herbarium"/>.  
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''H. myrtifolium'' commonly flowers from April until June.<ref>[[https://www.wildflower.org/plants/search.php?search_field=&newsearch=true]] Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. Accessed: May 28, 2019</ref> It has been observed flowering from May to July as well as October to December.<ref name= "Panflora"> Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 22 MAY 2018 </ref><ref name= "Herbarium"/>.  
 
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<!--===Seed bank and germination===-->
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===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses-->
 
===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses-->
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This species is commonly found in pineland habitats that are fire-dependent.<ref name= "Carr 2010"/>
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This species is commonly found in fire-dependent pineland habitats.<ref name= "Carr 2010"/>
 
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<!--===Use by animals===--> <!--Herbivory, granivory, insect hosting, etc.-->
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==Conservation and Management==
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==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration==
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Globally, ''Hypericum myrtifolium'' is listed as G4 due to it growing in endangered habitats, and not very common where it is found. It is also considered imperiled in Mississippi.<ref name= "nature">[[http://explorer.natureserve.org]] NatureServe Explorer. Accessed: May 28, 2019</ref>
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As it is uncommon in its range and depends on endangered habitat types, Hypericum myrtifolium is listed as G4. It is also considered imperiled in Mississippi.<ref name= "nature">[[http://explorer.natureserve.org]] NatureServe Explorer. Accessed: May 28, 2019</ref>
  
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==Cultivation and restoration==
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==Cultural use==
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
<gallery widths=180px>
 
<gallery widths=180px>
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
 
==References and notes==
 
==References and notes==

Latest revision as of 14:44, 1 July 2022

Common name: Myrtle-leaf St. John's-wort[1]; Polebark St. John's-wort

Hypericum myrtifolium
Hypericum myrtifolium SEF.jpg
Photo by the Southeastern Flora Plant Database
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida - Dicots
Order: Theales
Family: Clusiaceae
Genus: Hypericum
Species: H. myrtifolium
Binomial name
Hypericum myrtifolium
L
HYPE MYRT DIST.JPG
Natural range of Hypericum myrtifolium from USDA NRCS Plants Database.

Taxonomic Notes

Synonyms: none.[1]

Varieties: none.[1]

Description

H. myrtifolium is a native perennial shrub that is a member of the Clusiaceae family.[2] It is most recognizable by its clasping leaves, which are usually glaucous.[3]

Distribution

H. myrtifolium is endemic to the southeastern Coastal Plain, found mainly in Florida, and sparingly throughout southern Alabama, Georgia, and Mississippi.[2][4]

Ecology

Habitat

H. myrtifolium frequents pond-adjacent habitats, fresh-waterbodies. and the occasional marsh.[5][4] Other natural communities include the sandhills and flatwoods.[6] More specifically, H. myrtifolium can be found in dry loamy sands of open pine woodlands, moist loams of pine woodland swales, sand pine stands, and shaded swamps.[7] It is considered an indicator species of the peninsula savannas in Florida.[8]

Associated species include Hypericum harperi.[7]

Phenology

H. myrtifolium commonly flowers from April until June.[9] It has been observed flowering from May to July as well as October to December.[10][7].

Fire ecology

This species is commonly found in fire-dependent pineland habitats.[8]

Conservation, cultivation, and restoration

As it is uncommon in its range and depends on endangered habitat types, Hypericum myrtifolium is listed as G4. It is also considered imperiled in Mississippi.[11]

Cultural use

Photo Gallery

References and notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 USDA Plants Database URL: https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=HYMY
  3. ↑ Carr, L. G. (1940). "Further notes on coastal floral elements in the bogs of Augusta County, Virginia." Rhodora 42(495): 86-93.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.
  5. ↑ Hilmon, J. B. (1964). "Plants of the Caloosa Experimental Range " U.S. Forest Service Research Paper SE-12
  6. ↑ Platt, W. J., Gregory W. Evans, and Mary M. Davis (1988). "Effects of Fires Season on Flowering of Forbs and Shurbs in Longleaf Pine Forests." Oecologia 76(3): 353-363.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Wilson Baker, R. A. Norris, Robert K. Godfrey, R. Komarek, M. Davis, J. M. Kane, Cecil R. Slaughterm and R. Kral. States and counties: Florida: Leon, Wakulla, Duval, and Madison. Georgia: Thomas and Clinch.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Carr, S. C., et al. (2010). "A Vegetation Classification of Fire-Dependent Pinelands of Florida." Castanea 75(2): 153-189.
  9. ↑ [[1]] Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. Accessed: May 28, 2019
  10. ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 22 MAY 2018
  11. ↑ [[2]] NatureServe Explorer. Accessed: May 28, 2019
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