Difference between revisions of "Hypericum suffruticosum"

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| binomial_authority = P. Adams & N. Robson
 
| binomial_authority = P. Adams & N. Robson
 
| range_map = HYPE_SUFF_dist.jpg
 
| range_map = HYPE_SUFF_dist.jpg
| range_map_caption = Natural range of ''Hypericum suffruticosum'' from USDA NRCS [http://www.plants.usda.gov Plants Database].
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| range_map_caption = Natural range of ''Hypericum suffruticosum'' from USDA NRCS [http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=HYSU2 Plants Database].
 
}}
 
}}
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Common name: pineland St. John's-wort
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==Taxonomic notes==
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Synonym: ''Ascyrum pumilum'' Michaux<ref name=weakley>Weakley, A.S. 2020. Flora of the Southeastern United States. Edition of 20 October 2020. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref>
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Varieties: none<ref name=weakley/>
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==Description==  
 
==Description==  
 
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. -->
 
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. -->
Common Name: pineland St. Johnswort
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''Hypericum suffruticosum'' is a perennial shrub.
  
''Hypericum suffruticosum'' is a perennial shrub.
+
“Usually glabrous herbs or shrubs. Leaves usually punctate, simple, opposite, entire, usually sessile or subsessile, exstipulate. Inflorescence basically cymose; flowers perfect, regular, bracteates, subsessile or short-pedicellate, sepals 2, 4, or 5, persistent; petals 4 or 5, usually marcescent, yellow or pink; stamens 5-numerous, separate or connate basally forming 3-5 clusters or fascicles, filaments usually persistent; carpels 2-5, stigmas and styles separate or fused, ovary superior, 1-locular or partly or wholly 2-5 locular, placentation axile or parietal. Capsules basically ovoid, longitudinally dehiscent, styles usually persistent; seeds numerous, lustrous, areolate, cylindric or oblong. In general our species form a polymorphic complex with many intergrading taxa.”<ref name="Radford et al 1964">Radford, Albert E., Harry E. Ahles, and C. Ritchie Bell. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. 1964, 1968. The University of North Carolina Press. 709-710. Print.</ref>
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"Small, usually decumbent shrub, 7-15 cm tall, stems wing-angled. Leaves oblong, elliptic, or slightly obovate, 1-8 mm long, 1-3 mm wide, obtuse, base jointed or notched. Flowers usually solitary, occasionally in cymules; bracts paired, basal; pedicels reflexed, 6-13 mm long. Outer sepals 2, ovate or widely elliptic, 5-9 mm long, 4.5-7 wide, acute, inner sepals usually absent; petals 4, obovate, 5-7 mm long; styles 2, usually separate, ca. 1.5 mm long, ovary 1-locular. Capsules ovoid or ellipsoid, ca. 3 mm long and 2 mm broad; mature seeds not seen."<ref name="Radford et al 1964"/>
  
 
==Distribution==
 
==Distribution==
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This plant's range extends from North Carolina to central peninsular Florida and west to southeastern Louisiana.<ref name=weakley/>
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==Ecology==
 
==Ecology==
 
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.-->
 
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.-->
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''H. suffruticosum'' occurs in longleaf pine flatwoods, as well as disturbed areas like roadsides.<ref name="FSU Herbarium">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: June 2014.  Collectors: R. F. Doren, Leon Neel, Robert K. Godfrey, R. Komarek, and Steve L. Orzell.  States and Counties:  Florida: Liberty and Nassau. Georgia: Baker and Thomas.</ref> It is found in dry sandy soil most commonly.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> Associated species include ''Pinus palutris''.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/>
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===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers.  Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ -->
 
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers.  Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ -->
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''H. suffruticosum'' has been observed flowering from January to September and also in November with peak inflorescence in April.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/><ref>Nelson, G.  [http://www.gilnelson.com/ PanFlora]: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/  Accessed: 12 DEC 2016</ref>
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===Seed dispersal===
 
===Seed dispersal===
===Seed bank and germination===
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This species is thought to be dispersed by gravity.<ref>Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.</ref> 
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<!--===Seed bank and germination===-->
 
===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses-->
 
===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses-->
This species has been found in habitat that is often maintained by frequent fire (FSU Herbarium).
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This species has been found in habitat that is often maintained by frequent fire.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/>
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<!--===Pollination===-->
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<!--===Herbivory and toxicology===-->
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<!--===Diseases and parasites===-->
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==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration==
  
===Pollination===
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==Cultural use==
===Use by animals=== <!--Herbivory, granivory, insect hosting, etc.-->
 
===Diseases and parasites===
 
==Conservation and Management==
 
==Cultivation and restoration==
 
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery widths=180px>
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</gallery>
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==References and notes==
 
==References and notes==
Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: June 2014.
 
 
Collectors: R. F. Doren, Leon Neel, Robert K. Godfrey, R. Komarek, and Steve L. Orzell.
 
 
States and Counties:  Florida: Liberty and Nassau. Georgia: Baker and Thomas.
 

Latest revision as of 13:18, 2 June 2023

Hypericum suffruticosum
Hypericum suffruticosum Gil.jpg
Photo was taken by Gil Nelson
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
Order: Theales
Family: Clusiaceae ⁄ Guttiferae
Genus: Hypericum
Species: H. suffruticosum
Binomial name
Hypericum suffruticosum
P. Adams & N. Robson
HYPE SUFF dist.jpg
Natural range of Hypericum suffruticosum from USDA NRCS Plants Database.

Common name: pineland St. John's-wort

Taxonomic notes

Synonym: Ascyrum pumilum Michaux[1]

Varieties: none[1]

Description

Hypericum suffruticosum is a perennial shrub.

“Usually glabrous herbs or shrubs. Leaves usually punctate, simple, opposite, entire, usually sessile or subsessile, exstipulate. Inflorescence basically cymose; flowers perfect, regular, bracteates, subsessile or short-pedicellate, sepals 2, 4, or 5, persistent; petals 4 or 5, usually marcescent, yellow or pink; stamens 5-numerous, separate or connate basally forming 3-5 clusters or fascicles, filaments usually persistent; carpels 2-5, stigmas and styles separate or fused, ovary superior, 1-locular or partly or wholly 2-5 locular, placentation axile or parietal. Capsules basically ovoid, longitudinally dehiscent, styles usually persistent; seeds numerous, lustrous, areolate, cylindric or oblong. In general our species form a polymorphic complex with many intergrading taxa.”[2]

"Small, usually decumbent shrub, 7-15 cm tall, stems wing-angled. Leaves oblong, elliptic, or slightly obovate, 1-8 mm long, 1-3 mm wide, obtuse, base jointed or notched. Flowers usually solitary, occasionally in cymules; bracts paired, basal; pedicels reflexed, 6-13 mm long. Outer sepals 2, ovate or widely elliptic, 5-9 mm long, 4.5-7 wide, acute, inner sepals usually absent; petals 4, obovate, 5-7 mm long; styles 2, usually separate, ca. 1.5 mm long, ovary 1-locular. Capsules ovoid or ellipsoid, ca. 3 mm long and 2 mm broad; mature seeds not seen."[2]

Distribution

This plant's range extends from North Carolina to central peninsular Florida and west to southeastern Louisiana.[1]

Ecology

Habitat

H. suffruticosum occurs in longleaf pine flatwoods, as well as disturbed areas like roadsides.[3] It is found in dry sandy soil most commonly.[3] Associated species include Pinus palutris.[3]

Phenology

H. suffruticosum has been observed flowering from January to September and also in November with peak inflorescence in April.[3][4]

Seed dispersal

This species is thought to be dispersed by gravity.[5]

Fire ecology

This species has been found in habitat that is often maintained by frequent fire.[3]

Conservation, cultivation, and restoration

Cultural use

Photo Gallery

References and notes

  1. Jump up to: 1.0 1.1 1.2 Weakley, A.S. 2020. Flora of the Southeastern United States. Edition of 20 October 2020. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
  2. Jump up to: 2.0 2.1 Radford, Albert E., Harry E. Ahles, and C. Ritchie Bell. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. 1964, 1968. The University of North Carolina Press. 709-710. Print.
  3. Jump up to: 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: R. F. Doren, Leon Neel, Robert K. Godfrey, R. Komarek, and Steve L. Orzell. States and Counties: Florida: Liberty and Nassau. Georgia: Baker and Thomas.
  4. Jump up Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 12 DEC 2016
  5. Jump up Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.