Difference between revisions of "Eupatorium mohrii"
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{{taxobox | {{taxobox | ||
| name = Eupatorium mohrii | | name = Eupatorium mohrii | ||
| − | | image = | + | | image = Eupa_mohr.jpg |
| − | | image_caption = | + | | image_caption = Photo by Dennis Girard, [http://www.florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/Default.aspx Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants] |
| regnum = Plantae | | regnum = Plantae | ||
| divisio = Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants | | divisio = Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants | ||
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
| binomial_authority = Greene | | binomial_authority = Greene | ||
| range_map = EUPA_MOHR_dist.jpg | | range_map = EUPA_MOHR_dist.jpg | ||
| − | | range_map_caption = Natural range of ''Eupatorium mohrii'' from USDA NRCS [http://www.plants.usda.gov Plants Database]. | + | | range_map_caption = Natural range of ''Eupatorium mohrii'' from USDA NRCS [http://www.plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=EUMO4 Plants Database]. |
}} | }} | ||
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| + | Common name: Mohr's thoroughwort; Mohr's Eupatorium | ||
| + | ==Taxonomic notes== | ||
| + | Synonyms: none<ref name=weakley>Weakley, A.S. 2020. Flora of the Southeastern United States. Edition of 20 October 2020. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> | ||
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| + | Varieties: none<ref name=weakley/> | ||
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==Description== | ==Description== | ||
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | ||
| − | + | A description of ''Eupatorium mohrii'' is provided in [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=250066740 The Flora of North America]. | |
| + | ==Distribution== | ||
| + | This species is distributed from southeast Virginia south to southern Florida and west to Texas.<ref name=weakley/> | ||
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==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| − | It does well in open canopy areas on longleaf pine habitats. Does not do well in highly disturbed areas (such as clear cutting)<ref>Brockway, D. G. and C. E. Lewis (2003). "Influence of deer, cattle grazing and timber harvest on plant species diversity in a longleaf pine bluestem ecosystem." Forest Ecology and Management 175: 49-69.</ref> | + | Generally, ''E. mohrii'' can be found in moist savannas as well as other wet habitats.<ref name=weakley/> Native, perennial herb in longleaf pine stands.<ref>Harrington, T. B. (2011). "Overstory and understory relationships in longleaf pine plantations 14 years after thinning and woody control." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 41: 2301-2314.</ref> It does well in open canopy areas on longleaf pine habitats. Does not do well in highly disturbed areas (such as clear cutting).<ref>Brockway, D. G. and C. E. Lewis (2003). "Influence of deer, cattle grazing and timber harvest on plant species diversity in a longleaf pine bluestem ecosystem." Forest Ecology and Management 175: 49-69.</ref> It is found areas that have become wet in some parts of the year such as in slash pine flatwoods, hammocks, near creeks, pond-pine scrubs, peaty pine savannas, wet flatwoods, swampy depressions between sand ridges, pine-palmetto flatwoods, upper edges of hillside bogs, edges of titi bogs, swales and dunes, and in river floodplains. It is also found in human disturbed areas such as pinelands that have been clear cut, along roadside depressions, embankments, edges of an artificial pond, and in powerline corridors. It is associated with areas that have moist soil, moist sandy peaty soil, semi-wet soil, muckly aulluvium soils, and moist sandy clay.<ref name=fsu>Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: R.K. Godfrey, Loran C. Anderson, A. F. Clewell, Clarke Hudson, R.L. Lazor, J. P. Gillespie, D. S. Correll, P. L. Redfearn, Jr., Sid McDaniel, J. Lazor, Jean W. Wooten, V. I. Sullivan, J. Britten, B. K. Holst, Cruz, Montero, C. Jackson, R. Kral, Roomie Wilson, B F Hansen, JoAnn Hansen, Carol Havlik, Ann F. Johnson, Chet Winegarner, Marsha Winegarner, S. C. Hood, R. A. Norris, R. Komarek, and Annie Schmidt. States and Counties:Florida: Bay, Brevard, Citrus, Clay, Columbia, Dixie, Flagler, Franklin, Gulf, Hamilton, Holmes, Jefferson, Leon, Levy, Liberty, Martin, Okaloosa, Putnam, Santa Rosa, Sarasota, St. John’s, Suwannee, Taylor, Union, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington. Georgia: Atkinson, Brantley, Camden, Charlton, Clinch, Decatur, Echols, Grady, Thomas, and Ware.</ref> |
| − | + | Associated species include ''Eupatorium rotundifolium, E. album, E. cuneifolium, E. leucolepis, E. recurvans, E. mikaniodes, Andropogon, Aster dumosus, Ludwigia virgata, Carex joorii, Panicum rigidulum, Rhexia mariana, Rubus cuneifolius, Magnolia virginina, Pinus palutris, P. elliottii, P. taeda, Serenoa repens, Aristida stricta, Quercus, Liquidambar styraciflua, Cyrilla racemiflora.''<ref name=fsu/> | |
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| − | + | ''Eupatorium mohrii'' is an indicator species for the Peninsula Savannas community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).<ref>Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.</ref> | |
| − | + | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | |
| + | ''E. mohrii'' generally flowers from August until October.<ref name=weakley/> It has been observed flowering from June to November.<ref>Nelson, G. [http://www.gilnelson.com/ PanFlora]: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 9 DEC 2016</ref><ref name=fsu/> | ||
| + | <!--===Seed dispersal===--> | ||
| − | + | ===Seed bank and germination=== | |
| + | Seeds of ''Eupatorium mohrii'' were found to persist in the seed bank after a fire disturbance. It is normally found in the seed bank, but is not as prevalent as other species.<ref name= "Kalmbacher">Kalmbacher, R., et al. (2005). "Seeds obtained by vacuuming the soil surface after fire compared with soil seedbank in a flatwoods plant community." Native Plants Journal 6: 233-241.</ref> | ||
| − | + | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | |
| + | This species commonly occurs in pinelands that are fire-dependent.<ref>Carr, S. C., et al. (2010). "A Vegetation Classification of Fire-Dependent Pinelands of Florida." Castanea 75(2): 153-189.</ref> The seeds of this species have also been found to persist in the seed bank even after a fire disturbance.<ref name= "Kalmbacher"/> | ||
| − | + | ===Pollination=== | |
| − | + | ''Eupatorium mohrii'' has been observed at the Archbold Biological Station to host wasps such as ''Pachodynerus erynnis'' (family Vespidae), thread-waisted wasps from the family Sphecidae such as ''Bicyrtes capnoptera, B. insidiatrix, Cerceris blakei, Philanthus ventilabris, Prionyx thomae, Tachytes pepticus,'' and ''T. validus'', leafcutting bees from the family Megachilidae such as ''Coelioxys mexicana, Dianthidium floridiense'' and ''Megachile albitarsis'', wasps from the family Leucospididae such as ''Leucospis robertsoni,'' and ''L. slossonae'', sweat bees from the family Halictidae ''Agapostemon splendens'' and ''Halictus poeyi'', and bees from the family Apidae such as ''Apis mellifera,'' and ''Bombus impatiens''.<ref name="Deyrup 2015">Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.</ref> Other pollinators in the Hymenoptera order include ''Halictus ligatus''.<ref>Deyrup, M. J. E., and Beth Norden (2002). "The diversity and floral hosts of bees at the Archbold Biological Station, Florida (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)." Insecta mundi 16(1-3).</ref> ''E. mohrii'' also attracts various butterflies as a nectar source for pollination.<ref>[[https://www.wildflower.org/plants/search.php?search_field=&newsearch=true]] Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. Accessed: May 10, 2019</ref> Thick-headed flies in the genus ''Physoconops'' were collected from the flowers of ''E. mohrii'' and possibly pollinate the plant as well.<ref> Clouse, R. M., et al. (1997). "Observations of insects associated with an infestation of sand pine (''Pinus clausa'') by the aphid ''Cinara pinivora''." Florida Scientist 60(2): 89-93.</ref> | |
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| − | Sphecidae | ||
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| − | + | <!--===Herbivory and toxicology===--> | |
| + | <!--===Diseases and parasites===--> | ||
| − | + | ==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration== | |
| − | == | + | ==Cultural use== |
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==Photo Gallery== | ==Photo Gallery== | ||
| + | <gallery widths=180px> | ||
| + | </gallery> | ||
==References and notes== | ==References and notes== | ||
Latest revision as of 10:18, 26 May 2023
| Eupatorium mohrii | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by Dennis Girard, Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae ⁄ Compositae |
| Genus: | Eupatorium |
| Species: | E. mohrii |
| Binomial name | |
| Eupatorium mohrii Greene | |
| |
| Natural range of Eupatorium mohrii from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common name: Mohr's thoroughwort; Mohr's Eupatorium
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonyms: none[1]
Varieties: none[1]
Description
A description of Eupatorium mohrii is provided in The Flora of North America.
Distribution
This species is distributed from southeast Virginia south to southern Florida and west to Texas.[1]
Ecology
Habitat
Generally, E. mohrii can be found in moist savannas as well as other wet habitats.[1] Native, perennial herb in longleaf pine stands.[2] It does well in open canopy areas on longleaf pine habitats. Does not do well in highly disturbed areas (such as clear cutting).[3] It is found areas that have become wet in some parts of the year such as in slash pine flatwoods, hammocks, near creeks, pond-pine scrubs, peaty pine savannas, wet flatwoods, swampy depressions between sand ridges, pine-palmetto flatwoods, upper edges of hillside bogs, edges of titi bogs, swales and dunes, and in river floodplains. It is also found in human disturbed areas such as pinelands that have been clear cut, along roadside depressions, embankments, edges of an artificial pond, and in powerline corridors. It is associated with areas that have moist soil, moist sandy peaty soil, semi-wet soil, muckly aulluvium soils, and moist sandy clay.[4]
Associated species include Eupatorium rotundifolium, E. album, E. cuneifolium, E. leucolepis, E. recurvans, E. mikaniodes, Andropogon, Aster dumosus, Ludwigia virgata, Carex joorii, Panicum rigidulum, Rhexia mariana, Rubus cuneifolius, Magnolia virginina, Pinus palutris, P. elliottii, P. taeda, Serenoa repens, Aristida stricta, Quercus, Liquidambar styraciflua, Cyrilla racemiflora.[4]
Eupatorium mohrii is an indicator species for the Peninsula Savannas community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).[5]
Phenology
E. mohrii generally flowers from August until October.[1] It has been observed flowering from June to November.[6][4]
Seed bank and germination
Seeds of Eupatorium mohrii were found to persist in the seed bank after a fire disturbance. It is normally found in the seed bank, but is not as prevalent as other species.[7]
Fire ecology
This species commonly occurs in pinelands that are fire-dependent.[8] The seeds of this species have also been found to persist in the seed bank even after a fire disturbance.[7]
Pollination
Eupatorium mohrii has been observed at the Archbold Biological Station to host wasps such as Pachodynerus erynnis (family Vespidae), thread-waisted wasps from the family Sphecidae such as Bicyrtes capnoptera, B. insidiatrix, Cerceris blakei, Philanthus ventilabris, Prionyx thomae, Tachytes pepticus, and T. validus, leafcutting bees from the family Megachilidae such as Coelioxys mexicana, Dianthidium floridiense and Megachile albitarsis, wasps from the family Leucospididae such as Leucospis robertsoni, and L. slossonae, sweat bees from the family Halictidae Agapostemon splendens and Halictus poeyi, and bees from the family Apidae such as Apis mellifera, and Bombus impatiens.[9] Other pollinators in the Hymenoptera order include Halictus ligatus.[10] E. mohrii also attracts various butterflies as a nectar source for pollination.[11] Thick-headed flies in the genus Physoconops were collected from the flowers of E. mohrii and possibly pollinate the plant as well.[12]
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
Cultural use
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Weakley, A.S. 2020. Flora of the Southeastern United States. Edition of 20 October 2020. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- ↑ Harrington, T. B. (2011). "Overstory and understory relationships in longleaf pine plantations 14 years after thinning and woody control." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 41: 2301-2314.
- ↑ Brockway, D. G. and C. E. Lewis (2003). "Influence of deer, cattle grazing and timber harvest on plant species diversity in a longleaf pine bluestem ecosystem." Forest Ecology and Management 175: 49-69.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: R.K. Godfrey, Loran C. Anderson, A. F. Clewell, Clarke Hudson, R.L. Lazor, J. P. Gillespie, D. S. Correll, P. L. Redfearn, Jr., Sid McDaniel, J. Lazor, Jean W. Wooten, V. I. Sullivan, J. Britten, B. K. Holst, Cruz, Montero, C. Jackson, R. Kral, Roomie Wilson, B F Hansen, JoAnn Hansen, Carol Havlik, Ann F. Johnson, Chet Winegarner, Marsha Winegarner, S. C. Hood, R. A. Norris, R. Komarek, and Annie Schmidt. States and Counties:Florida: Bay, Brevard, Citrus, Clay, Columbia, Dixie, Flagler, Franklin, Gulf, Hamilton, Holmes, Jefferson, Leon, Levy, Liberty, Martin, Okaloosa, Putnam, Santa Rosa, Sarasota, St. John’s, Suwannee, Taylor, Union, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington. Georgia: Atkinson, Brantley, Camden, Charlton, Clinch, Decatur, Echols, Grady, Thomas, and Ware.
- ↑ Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 9 DEC 2016
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Kalmbacher, R., et al. (2005). "Seeds obtained by vacuuming the soil surface after fire compared with soil seedbank in a flatwoods plant community." Native Plants Journal 6: 233-241.
- ↑ Carr, S. C., et al. (2010). "A Vegetation Classification of Fire-Dependent Pinelands of Florida." Castanea 75(2): 153-189.
- ↑ Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.
- ↑ Deyrup, M. J. E., and Beth Norden (2002). "The diversity and floral hosts of bees at the Archbold Biological Station, Florida (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)." Insecta mundi 16(1-3).
- ↑ [[1]] Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. Accessed: May 10, 2019
- ↑ Clouse, R. M., et al. (1997). "Observations of insects associated with an infestation of sand pine (Pinus clausa) by the aphid Cinara pinivora." Florida Scientist 60(2): 89-93.
