Difference between revisions of "Sisyrinchium xerophyllum"
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{{taxobox | {{taxobox | ||
| name = Sisyrinchium xerophyllum | | name = Sisyrinchium xerophyllum | ||
| − | | image = | + | | image = Sisy_xero.jpg |
| − | | image_caption = | + | | image_caption = Photo by Shirley Denton (Copyrighted, use by photographer’s permission only), [http://www.shirleydenton.com/welcome Nature Photography by Shirley Denton] |
| regnum = Plantae | | regnum = Plantae | ||
| divisio = Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants | | divisio = Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants | ||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
| binomial = ''Sisyrinchium xerophyllum'' | | binomial = ''Sisyrinchium xerophyllum'' | ||
| binomial_authority = Greene | | binomial_authority = Greene | ||
| − | | range_map = | + | | range_map = sisy_xero_dist.jpg |
| − | | range_map_caption = Natural range of ''Sisyrinchium xerophyllum'' from USDA NRCS [http:// | + | | range_map_caption = Natural range of ''Sisyrinchium xerophyllum'' from USDA NRCS [http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=SIXE Plants Database]. |
}} | }} | ||
| + | |||
| + | Common names: Jeweled blue-eyed grass, Florida Blue-eyed grass | ||
| + | ==Taxonomic notes== | ||
| + | The specific epithet ''xerophyllum'' refers to the habitat this species grows in: well-drained sandy uplands.<ref name="hawthorn">[[http://hawthornhillwildflowers.blogspot.com/2010/07/scrub-blue-eyed-grass-sisyrinchium.html]]Native Florida Wildflowers. Accessed: March 16, 2016</ref> | ||
| + | |||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | ||
| − | + | A description of ''Sisyrinchium xerophyllum'' is provided in [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=242101924 The Flora of North America]. | |
| + | |||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| + | This species is endemic to Florida and southern Georgia.<ref name="hawthorn"/> | ||
| + | |||
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| + | In the Coastal Plain in Florida, ''S. xerophyllum'' occurs surrounding limestone glades with wiregrass, open barrens, scrub oak-wiregrass sand ridges, pine-turkey oak flats, and interdune swales. It has also can be found in disturbed areas such as sandy parking lots and roadsides. Soils include sandy loam, loamy sand, sand, and loam. It grows in shaded environments. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Associated species include ''Carex fissa, C. vexans, Chrysopsis linearifolia, Andropogon virginicus, Aristida stricta, Pteridium aquilinum var. subcaudatum, Smilax auriculata'' and ''Panicum virgatum.''<ref name="fsu">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: November 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Billy Bailey, Wilson Baker, J. Beckner, Robert K. Godfrey, Beverly Judd, Walter S. Judd, Ed Keppner, Lisa Keppner, Robert Kral, O. Lakela, Hugh O’Neill, Daniel B. Ward. States and Counties: Florida: Bay, Franklin, Highlands, Jackson, Leon, Marion, Marin, Polk, Wakulla, Walton. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''Sisyrinchium xerophyllum'' is an indicator species for the Peninsula Xeric Sandhills community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).<ref>Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
| + | Flowers have six blue tepals, yellow bases and usually aristae tips. Flowers March<ref>Nelson, G. [http://www.gilnelson.com/ PanFlora]: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 19 MAY 2021</ref> through November and fruits May through November.<ref name="fsu"/> | ||
| + | |||
===Seed dispersal=== | ===Seed dispersal=== | ||
| − | ===Seed bank and germination=== | + | This species is thought to be dispersed by gravity.<ref>Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.</ref> |
| + | <!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | ||
| + | |||
===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ||
| − | ===Pollination=== | + | ''S. xerophyllum'' has been observed to be a weak resprouter after fire. It decreases in frequency and abundance post fire.<ref name="weekley">Weekley, C. W. and E. S. Menges (2003). "Species and vegetation responses to prescribed fire in a long-unburned, endemic-rich Lake Wales Ridge scrub." Journal of the Torrey Botanical Club 130: 265-282.</ref> |
| − | === | + | |
| − | ===Diseases and parasites=== | + | ===Pollination=== |
| − | ==Conservation and | + | ''Sisyrinchium xerophyllum'' has been observed at the Archbold Biological Station to host sweat bees such as ''Lasioglossum nymphalis'' and ''L. placidensis'' (family Halictidae), and leafcutting bees from the Megachilidae family such as ''Anthidiellum perplexum'' and ''Megachile brevis pseudobrevis''.<ref name="Deyrup 2015">Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.</ref> |
| − | == | + | <!--===Herbivory and toxicology===<!--Common herbivores, granivory, insect hosting, poisonous chemicals, allelopathy, etc--> |
| + | <!--===Diseases and parasites===--> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Cultural use== | ||
==Photo Gallery== | ==Photo Gallery== | ||
| + | <gallery widths=180px> | ||
| + | </gallery> | ||
| + | |||
==References and notes== | ==References and notes== | ||
Latest revision as of 11:57, 15 July 2022
| Sisyrinchium xerophyllum | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by Shirley Denton (Copyrighted, use by photographer’s permission only), Nature Photography by Shirley Denton | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Liliopsida – Monocotyledons |
| Order: | Liliales |
| Family: | Iridaceae |
| Genus: | Sisyrinchium |
| Species: | S. xerophyllum |
| Binomial name | |
| Sisyrinchium xerophyllum Greene | |
| |
| Natural range of Sisyrinchium xerophyllum from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common names: Jeweled blue-eyed grass, Florida Blue-eyed grass
Contents
Taxonomic notes
The specific epithet xerophyllum refers to the habitat this species grows in: well-drained sandy uplands.[1]
Description
A description of Sisyrinchium xerophyllum is provided in The Flora of North America.
Distribution
This species is endemic to Florida and southern Georgia.[1]
Ecology
Habitat
In the Coastal Plain in Florida, S. xerophyllum occurs surrounding limestone glades with wiregrass, open barrens, scrub oak-wiregrass sand ridges, pine-turkey oak flats, and interdune swales. It has also can be found in disturbed areas such as sandy parking lots and roadsides. Soils include sandy loam, loamy sand, sand, and loam. It grows in shaded environments.
Associated species include Carex fissa, C. vexans, Chrysopsis linearifolia, Andropogon virginicus, Aristida stricta, Pteridium aquilinum var. subcaudatum, Smilax auriculata and Panicum virgatum.[2]
Sisyrinchium xerophyllum is an indicator species for the Peninsula Xeric Sandhills community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).[3]
Phenology
Flowers have six blue tepals, yellow bases and usually aristae tips. Flowers March[4] through November and fruits May through November.[2]
Seed dispersal
This species is thought to be dispersed by gravity.[5]
Fire ecology
S. xerophyllum has been observed to be a weak resprouter after fire. It decreases in frequency and abundance post fire.[6]
Pollination
Sisyrinchium xerophyllum has been observed at the Archbold Biological Station to host sweat bees such as Lasioglossum nymphalis and L. placidensis (family Halictidae), and leafcutting bees from the Megachilidae family such as Anthidiellum perplexum and Megachile brevis pseudobrevis.[7]
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
Cultural use
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 [[1]]Native Florida Wildflowers. Accessed: March 16, 2016
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: November 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Billy Bailey, Wilson Baker, J. Beckner, Robert K. Godfrey, Beverly Judd, Walter S. Judd, Ed Keppner, Lisa Keppner, Robert Kral, O. Lakela, Hugh O’Neill, Daniel B. Ward. States and Counties: Florida: Bay, Franklin, Highlands, Jackson, Leon, Marion, Marin, Polk, Wakulla, Walton. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.
- ↑ Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 19 MAY 2021
- ↑ Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.
- ↑ Weekley, C. W. and E. S. Menges (2003). "Species and vegetation responses to prescribed fire in a long-unburned, endemic-rich Lake Wales Ridge scrub." Journal of the Torrey Botanical Club 130: 265-282.
- ↑ Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.
