Difference between revisions of "Itea virginica"
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{{taxobox | {{taxobox | ||
| name = Itea virginica | | name = Itea virginica | ||
| − | | image = | + | | image = FL 15631.jpg |
| − | | image_caption = | + | | image_caption = Photo taken by Gil Nelson |
| regnum = Plantae | | regnum = Plantae | ||
| divisio = Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants | | divisio = Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants | ||
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| binomial = ''Itea virginica'' | | binomial = ''Itea virginica'' | ||
| binomial_authority = L. | | binomial_authority = L. | ||
| − | | range_map = | + | | range_map = itea_virg_dist.jpg |
| − | | range_map_caption = Natural range of ''Itea virginica'' from USDA NRCS [http:// | + | | range_map_caption = Natural range of ''Itea virginica'' from USDA NRCS [http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=ITVI Plants Database]. |
}} | }} | ||
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| + | Common name: Virginia-willow, sweetspire, tassel-white<ref name=weakley>Weakley, A.S. 2020. Flora of the Southeastern United States. Edition of 20 October 2020. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> | ||
| + | ==Taxonomic notes== | ||
| + | Synonyms: none<ref name=weakley/> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Varieties: none<ref name=weakley/> | ||
| + | |||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | ||
| − | + | A description of ''Itea virginica'' is provided in [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=220006877 The Flora of North America]. | |
| + | |||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| + | This plant is found in southern New Jersey, south to Florida, west to Texas and Oklahoma, and north to southern Illinois and southeastern Missouri.<ref name=weakley/> | ||
| + | |||
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| + | ''I. virginica'' has been found in wet and shaded loamy areas, wooded floodplains, swamps, cypress gum pond banks, pine forests, and hydric hammocks.<ref name="FSU"> Florida State University Herbarium Database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Kathleen Craddock Burks, Richard Carter, Robert K. Godfrey, R. Komarek,K. M. Meyer, and A. Townesmith. States and counties: Florida: Gadsden, Jefferson, Leon, Marion, and Taylor. Georgia: Thomas.</ref> It is also found in disturbed areas like along roadsides near large bogs, wastewater ponds, and recycling plants.<ref name="PH">Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University accessed using Southeastern Regional Network of Expertise and Collections (SERNEC) data portal. URL: http://sernecportal.org/portal/collections/index.php Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: S.S. Van Pelt. States and Counties: New Jersey: Cape May.</ref><ref name="CLEMS">Clemson University Herbarium accessed using Southeastern Regional Network of Expertise and Collections (SERNEC) data portal. URL: http://sernecportal.org/portal/collections/index.php Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: D.Z. Damrel and H.B. Thomas. States and Counties: South Carolina: Aiken and Anderson.</ref> Associated species: ''Osmunda, Triadenum, Boehmeria, Magnolia virginiana, Liriodendron tulipifera, Chamaecyparis thyoides, Acer rubrum, Nyssa biflora'', and ''Leucothoe axillaris''.<ref name="FSU"/> | ||
| + | <!--moist forests or thickets and along streambanks.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref>--> | ||
| + | |||
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
| − | ===Seed dispersal=== | + | ''I. virginica'' has been observed to flower from March to May and in June with peak inflorescence in April.<ref>Nelson, G. [http://www.gilnelson.com/ PanFlora]: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 12 DEC 2016</ref> |
| − | ===Seed bank and germination=== | + | <!--===Seed dispersal===--> |
| − | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | + | <!--===Seed bank and germination===--> |
| − | ===Pollination=== | + | <!--===Fire ecology===--> <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> |
| − | == | + | |
| − | ===Diseases and parasites=== | + | ===Pollination=== |
| − | ==Conservation and | + | ''Itea virginica'' was observed at the Archbold Biological Station to host a variety of polliator species such as ''Apis mellifera'' (family Apidae), thread-waisted wasps ''Bicyrtes quadrifasciata'' (family Sphecidae), and leafcutting bees from the family Megachilidae such as ''Megachile parallela,'' and ''M. xylocopoides.''<ref name="Deyrup 2015">Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.</ref> Additionally, this species was observed to host aphids such as ''Aphis sp.'' (family Aphididae), bees such as ''Bombus bimaculatus'' (family Apidae), and leafcutting bees such as ''Megachile xylocopoides'' (family Megachilidae).<ref>Discoverlife.org [https://www.discoverlife.org/20/q?search=Bidens+albaDiscoverlife.org|Discoverlife.org]</ref> |
| − | == | + | <!--===Herbivory and toxicology===--> |
| + | <!--===Diseases and parasites===--> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Cultural use== | ||
==Photo Gallery== | ==Photo Gallery== | ||
| + | <gallery widths=180px> | ||
| + | </gallery> | ||
| + | |||
==References and notes== | ==References and notes== | ||
Latest revision as of 09:16, 2 June 2023
| Itea virginica | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo taken by Gil Nelson | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons |
| Order: | Rosales |
| Family: | Grossulariaceae |
| Genus: | Itea |
| Species: | I. virginica |
| Binomial name | |
| Itea virginica L. | |
| |
| Natural range of Itea virginica from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common name: Virginia-willow, sweetspire, tassel-white[1]
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonyms: none[1]
Varieties: none[1]
Description
A description of Itea virginica is provided in The Flora of North America.
Distribution
This plant is found in southern New Jersey, south to Florida, west to Texas and Oklahoma, and north to southern Illinois and southeastern Missouri.[1]
Ecology
Habitat
I. virginica has been found in wet and shaded loamy areas, wooded floodplains, swamps, cypress gum pond banks, pine forests, and hydric hammocks.[2] It is also found in disturbed areas like along roadsides near large bogs, wastewater ponds, and recycling plants.[3][4] Associated species: Osmunda, Triadenum, Boehmeria, Magnolia virginiana, Liriodendron tulipifera, Chamaecyparis thyoides, Acer rubrum, Nyssa biflora, and Leucothoe axillaris.[2]
Phenology
I. virginica has been observed to flower from March to May and in June with peak inflorescence in April.[5]
Pollination
Itea virginica was observed at the Archbold Biological Station to host a variety of polliator species such as Apis mellifera (family Apidae), thread-waisted wasps Bicyrtes quadrifasciata (family Sphecidae), and leafcutting bees from the family Megachilidae such as Megachile parallela, and M. xylocopoides.[6] Additionally, this species was observed to host aphids such as Aphis sp. (family Aphididae), bees such as Bombus bimaculatus (family Apidae), and leafcutting bees such as Megachile xylocopoides (family Megachilidae).[7]
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
Cultural use
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Weakley, A.S. 2020. Flora of the Southeastern United States. Edition of 20 October 2020. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Florida State University Herbarium Database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Kathleen Craddock Burks, Richard Carter, Robert K. Godfrey, R. Komarek,K. M. Meyer, and A. Townesmith. States and counties: Florida: Gadsden, Jefferson, Leon, Marion, and Taylor. Georgia: Thomas.
- ↑ Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University accessed using Southeastern Regional Network of Expertise and Collections (SERNEC) data portal. URL: http://sernecportal.org/portal/collections/index.php Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: S.S. Van Pelt. States and Counties: New Jersey: Cape May.
- ↑ Clemson University Herbarium accessed using Southeastern Regional Network of Expertise and Collections (SERNEC) data portal. URL: http://sernecportal.org/portal/collections/index.php Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: D.Z. Damrel and H.B. Thomas. States and Counties: South Carolina: Aiken and Anderson.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 12 DEC 2016
- ↑ Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.
- ↑ Discoverlife.org [1]
