Difference between revisions of "Pyrrhopappus carolinianus"

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| binomial_authority = (Walter) DC.
 
| binomial_authority = (Walter) DC.
 
| range_map = PYCN_CARO_dist.jpg
 
| range_map = PYCN_CARO_dist.jpg
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| range_map_caption = Natural range of ''Pyrrhopappus carolinianus'' from USDA NRCS [http://www.plants.usda.gov Plants Database].
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| range_map_caption = Natural range of ''Pyrrhopappus carolinianus'' from USDA NRCS [http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=PYCA2 Plants Database].
 
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Common names: Carolina desert-chicory, False-dandelion
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==Taxonomic notes==
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Synonyms: ''Sitilias caroliniana'' (Walter) Rafinesque; ''Pyrrhopappus georgianus'' Shinners
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Varieties: ''Pyrrhopappus carolinianus'' var. ''carolinianus'' RAB; ''P. carolinianus'' var. ''georgianus'' (Shinners) H.E. Ahles – RAB;
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==Description==  
 
==Description==  
 
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. -->
 
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. -->
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A description of ''Pyrrhopappus carolinianus'' is provided in [http://efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=220011313 The Flora of North America].
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==Distribution==
 
==Distribution==
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Found on roadsides, dry fields, disturbed sites, and bottomlands. ''P. carolinianus'' is a native plant with weedy tendencies (Nelson 2005).
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''P. carolinianus'' is a native plant with weedy tendencies.<ref name="Nelson 2005">Nelson, Gil. East Gulf Coastal Plain. a Field Guide to the Wildflowers of the East Gulf Coastal Plain, including Southwest Georgia, Northwest Florida, Southern Alabama, Southern Mississippi, and Parts of Southeastern Louisiana. Guilford, CT: Falcon, 2005. 173. Print.</ref>
  
 
==Ecology==
 
==Ecology==
 
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.-->
 
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.-->
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In the Coastal Plains in Florida and Georgia, ''P. carolinianus'' can be found in sandy old fields, sandpine-oak woodlands, moist banks bordering marshes, frequently burned mature longleaf pine-wiregrass communities, and annually burned savannas.<ref name="FSU Herbarium">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Lisa Keppner, Ed Keppner, Bian Tan, Walter Judd, Loran C. Anderson, Robert K. Godfrey, Patricia Elliot, K. Craddock Burks, Gwynn W. Ramsey, Richard S. Mitchell, R. A. Norris, D. C. Hunt, Andre F. Clewell, R. Komarek.  States and Counties: Florida: Bay, Columbia, Escambia, Franklin, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, Madison, Okaloosa, Wakulla, Washington. Georgia: Grady, Thomas. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.</ref> It can also be found in ditches, dry sands along parking lots, sandy vacant lots, open fields by rivers, moist bottomland pastures, along roadsides, drying sand on upper beach, trails of coastal hammocks, clearings near buildings, shores of recently made ponds, along highways, lawns, old biocontrol plots, mowed areas, fire lanes, and an access path through sandhill to a limestone trail. Associated species include ''Lantana, Pinus palustris, Aristida stricta, Bumelia, Crataegus'', and ''Cenchrus.''<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/>
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Soil types observed include sand, sandy loam, sandy peat soil, and loam soils.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/>
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===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers.  Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ -->
 
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers.  Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ -->
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Blooms from July to November (Nelson 2005).
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''P. carolinianus'' has been observed flowering from January to November with peak inflorescence in May.<ref name="Nelson 2005"/><ref>Nelson, G.  [http://www.gilnelson.com/ PanFlora]: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/  Accessed: 13 DEC 2016</ref>
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<!--===Seed dispersal===-->
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<!--===Seed bank and germination===-->
  
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===Seed dispersal===
 
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===Seed bank and germination===
 
 
===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses-->
 
===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses-->
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===Pollination===  
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Populations of ''Pyrrhopappus carolinianus'' have been known to persist through repeated annual burns.<ref>Robertson, K.M. Unpublished data collected from Pebble Hill Fire Plots, Pebble Hill Plantation, Thomasville, Georgia.</ref>
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===Use by animals=== <!--Herbivory, granivory, insect hosting, etc.-->
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===Diseases and parasites===
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<!--===Pollination===-->
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==Conservation and Management==
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===Herbivory and toxicology===<!--Common herbivores, granivory, insect hosting, poisonous chemicals, allelopathy, etc-->
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==Cultivation and restoration==
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''Pyrrhopappus carolinianus'' has been observed to host aphids such as ''Uroleucon sp.'' (family Aphididae), bees such as ''Bombus pensylvanicus'' (family Apidae), and plant bugs such as ''Lygus lineolaris'' (family Miridae).<ref>Discoverlife.org [https://www.discoverlife.org/20/q?search=Bidens+albaDiscoverlife.org|Discoverlife.org]</ref>
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<!--===Diseases and parasites===-->
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==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration==
  
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==Cultural use==
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery widths=180px>
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</gallery>
 
==References and notes==
 
==References and notes==
−
Nelson, Gil. East Gulf Coastal Plain. a Field Guide to the Wildflowers of the East Gulf Coastal Plain, including Southwest Georgia, Northwest Florida, Southern Alabama, Southern Mississippi, and Parts of Southeastern Louisiana. Guilford, CT: Falcon, 2005. 173. Print.
 

Latest revision as of 09:35, 15 July 2022

Pyrrhopappus carolinianus
Pyrrhopappus carolinianus Gil.jpg
Photo taken by Gil Nelson
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae ⁄ Compositae
Genus: Pyrrhopappus
Species: P. carolinianus
Binomial name
Pyrrhopappus carolinianus
(Walter) DC.
PYCN CARO dist.jpg
Natural range of Pyrrhopappus carolinianus from USDA NRCS Plants Database.

Common names: Carolina desert-chicory, False-dandelion

Taxonomic notes

Synonyms: Sitilias caroliniana (Walter) Rafinesque; Pyrrhopappus georgianus Shinners

Varieties: Pyrrhopappus carolinianus var. carolinianus RAB; P. carolinianus var. georgianus (Shinners) H.E. Ahles – RAB;

Description

A description of Pyrrhopappus carolinianus is provided in The Flora of North America.

Distribution

P. carolinianus is a native plant with weedy tendencies.[1]

Ecology

Habitat

In the Coastal Plains in Florida and Georgia, P. carolinianus can be found in sandy old fields, sandpine-oak woodlands, moist banks bordering marshes, frequently burned mature longleaf pine-wiregrass communities, and annually burned savannas.[2] It can also be found in ditches, dry sands along parking lots, sandy vacant lots, open fields by rivers, moist bottomland pastures, along roadsides, drying sand on upper beach, trails of coastal hammocks, clearings near buildings, shores of recently made ponds, along highways, lawns, old biocontrol plots, mowed areas, fire lanes, and an access path through sandhill to a limestone trail. Associated species include Lantana, Pinus palustris, Aristida stricta, Bumelia, Crataegus, and Cenchrus.[2]

Soil types observed include sand, sandy loam, sandy peat soil, and loam soils.[2]

Phenology

P. carolinianus has been observed flowering from January to November with peak inflorescence in May.[1][3]

Fire ecology

Populations of Pyrrhopappus carolinianus have been known to persist through repeated annual burns.[4]

Herbivory and toxicology

Pyrrhopappus carolinianus has been observed to host aphids such as Uroleucon sp. (family Aphididae), bees such as Bombus pensylvanicus (family Apidae), and plant bugs such as Lygus lineolaris (family Miridae).[5]

Conservation, cultivation, and restoration

Cultural use

Photo Gallery

References and notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nelson, Gil. East Gulf Coastal Plain. a Field Guide to the Wildflowers of the East Gulf Coastal Plain, including Southwest Georgia, Northwest Florida, Southern Alabama, Southern Mississippi, and Parts of Southeastern Louisiana. Guilford, CT: Falcon, 2005. 173. Print.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Lisa Keppner, Ed Keppner, Bian Tan, Walter Judd, Loran C. Anderson, Robert K. Godfrey, Patricia Elliot, K. Craddock Burks, Gwynn W. Ramsey, Richard S. Mitchell, R. A. Norris, D. C. Hunt, Andre F. Clewell, R. Komarek. States and Counties: Florida: Bay, Columbia, Escambia, Franklin, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, Madison, Okaloosa, Wakulla, Washington. Georgia: Grady, Thomas. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.
  3. ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 13 DEC 2016
  4. ↑ Robertson, K.M. Unpublished data collected from Pebble Hill Fire Plots, Pebble Hill Plantation, Thomasville, Georgia.
  5. ↑ Discoverlife.org [1]
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