Difference between revisions of "Euphorbia pubentissima"
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{{taxobox | {{taxobox | ||
| name = Euphorbia pubentissima | | name = Euphorbia pubentissima | ||
| − | | image = | + | | image = Euphorbia pubentissima_Gil.jpg |
| − | | image_caption = | + | | image_caption = Photo was taken by Gil Nelson |
| regnum = Plantae | | regnum = Plantae | ||
| divisio = Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants | | divisio = Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants | ||
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
| binomial_authority = Michx. | | binomial_authority = Michx. | ||
| range_map = EUPH_PUBE_dist.jpg | | range_map = EUPH_PUBE_dist.jpg | ||
| − | | range_map_caption = Natural range of ''Euphorbia pubentissima'' from USDA NRCS [http://www.plants.usda.gov Plants Database]. | + | | range_map_caption = Natural range of ''Euphorbia pubentissima'' from USDA NRCS [http://www.plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=EUPU7 Plants Database]. |
}} | }} | ||
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| + | Common names: false flowering spurge; southeastern flowering spurge | ||
| + | ==Taxonomic notes== | ||
| + | Synonyms: ''Agaloma pubentissima'' (Michaux) D.B. Ward; ''E. corollata var. paniculata''<ref name=weakley>Weakley, A.S. 2020. Flora of the Southeastern United States. Edition of 20 October 2020. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> | ||
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| + | Varieties: ''E. apocynifolia'' Small; ''E. corollata'' Linnaeus ''var. zinniiflora'' (Small) H.E. Ahles; ''E. zinniiflora'' Small; ''Tithymalopsis apocynifolia'' (Small) Small; ''T. paniculata'' (Boissier) Small; ''T. zinniiflora'' (Small) Small<ref name=weakley/> | ||
| + | |||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | ||
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==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| + | This species is found in mesic wooded slopes of a ravine and nature parks.<ref name=fsu>Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: Robert K. Godfrey. States and Counties: Florida: Gadsden.</ref> | ||
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| + | ''E. pubentissima'' was found to decrease its occurrence in response to soil disturbance by agriculture in southwest Georgia. It has shown resistance to regrowth in reestablished native savanna habitat that was disturbed by agricultural practices.<ref>Kirkman, L.K., K.L. Coffey, R.J. Mitchell, and E.B. Moser. Ground Cover Recovery Patterns and Life-History Traits: Implications for Restoration Obstacles and Opportunities in a Species-Rich Savanna. (2004). Journal of Ecology 92(3):409-421.</ref> Additionally, ''E. pubentissima'' was found to be a decreaser in its long-term response following cessation of repeated soil disturbance.<ref name=Dixon>Dixon, C. M., K. M. Robertson, A. M. Reid and M. T. Rother. 2024. Mechanical soil disturbance in a pine savanna has multiyear effects on plant species composition. Ecosphere 15(2):e4759.</ref> | ||
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===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
| + | ''E. pubentissima'' has been observed flowering in October, after a prescribed burn in July, at Pebble Hill Plantation, Grady County, GA by Michelle M. Smith. It has also been observed flowering in May, September, and November.<ref>Nelson, G. [http://www.gilnelson.com/ PanFlora]: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 9 DEC 2016</ref> | ||
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===Seed dispersal=== | ===Seed dispersal=== | ||
| − | ===Seed bank and germination=== | + | This species is thought to be dispersed by ants and/or explosive dehiscence. <ref>Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.</ref> |
| − | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | + | <!--===Seed bank and germination===--> |
| − | ===Pollination=== | + | <!--===Fire ecology===--> <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> |
| − | === | + | <!--===Pollination===--> |
| − | ===Diseases and parasites=== | + | <!--===Herbivory and toxicology===--> |
| − | ==Conservation and | + | <!--===Diseases and parasites===--> |
| − | == | + | |
| + | ==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Cultural use== | ||
| + | Members of this genus can be used as a laxative in small amounts, but an overdose can cause severe poisoning.<ref> Mueschner, W.C. 1957. Poisonous Plants of the United States. The Macmillan Company, New York.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Photo Gallery== | ||
| + | <gallery widths=180px> | ||
| + | </gallery> | ||
| + | |||
==References and notes== | ==References and notes== | ||
| − | |||
Latest revision as of 07:34, 2 August 2024
| Euphorbia pubentissima | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo was taken by Gil Nelson | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons |
| Order: | Euphorbiales |
| Family: | Euphorbiaceae |
| Genus: | Euphorbia |
| Species: | E. pubentissima |
| Binomial name | |
| Euphorbia pubentissima Michx. | |
| |
| Natural range of Euphorbia pubentissima from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common names: false flowering spurge; southeastern flowering spurge
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonyms: Agaloma pubentissima (Michaux) D.B. Ward; E. corollata var. paniculata[1]
Varieties: E. apocynifolia Small; E. corollata Linnaeus var. zinniiflora (Small) H.E. Ahles; E. zinniiflora Small; Tithymalopsis apocynifolia (Small) Small; T. paniculata (Boissier) Small; T. zinniiflora (Small) Small[1]
Description
Distribution
Ecology
Habitat
This species is found in mesic wooded slopes of a ravine and nature parks.[2]
E. pubentissima was found to decrease its occurrence in response to soil disturbance by agriculture in southwest Georgia. It has shown resistance to regrowth in reestablished native savanna habitat that was disturbed by agricultural practices.[3] Additionally, E. pubentissima was found to be a decreaser in its long-term response following cessation of repeated soil disturbance.[4]
Phenology
E. pubentissima has been observed flowering in October, after a prescribed burn in July, at Pebble Hill Plantation, Grady County, GA by Michelle M. Smith. It has also been observed flowering in May, September, and November.[5]
Seed dispersal
This species is thought to be dispersed by ants and/or explosive dehiscence. [6]
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
Cultural use
Members of this genus can be used as a laxative in small amounts, but an overdose can cause severe poisoning.[7]
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Weakley, A.S. 2020. Flora of the Southeastern United States. Edition of 20 October 2020. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- ↑ Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2014. Collectors: Robert K. Godfrey. States and Counties: Florida: Gadsden.
- ↑ Kirkman, L.K., K.L. Coffey, R.J. Mitchell, and E.B. Moser. Ground Cover Recovery Patterns and Life-History Traits: Implications for Restoration Obstacles and Opportunities in a Species-Rich Savanna. (2004). Journal of Ecology 92(3):409-421.
- ↑ Dixon, C. M., K. M. Robertson, A. M. Reid and M. T. Rother. 2024. Mechanical soil disturbance in a pine savanna has multiyear effects on plant species composition. Ecosphere 15(2):e4759.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 9 DEC 2016
- ↑ Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.
- ↑ Mueschner, W.C. 1957. Poisonous Plants of the United States. The Macmillan Company, New York.
