Difference between revisions of "Symphyotrichum adnatum"
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==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| − | In the Coastal Plain in Florida and Georgia, ''S. adnatum'' can be found in longleaf pine savannas, pine flatwood communities, annually burned pinelands, slash pine plantations, and open mixed woodlands.<ref name=fsu> Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Robert K. Godfrey, Leon Neel, R. A. Norris, R. Komarek, Kathleen Craddock Burks. States and Counties: Florida: Bay, Leon, Wakulla, Walton. Georgia: Thomas. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.</ref> It is restricted to native groundcover with a statistical affinity in upland pinelands of South Georgia.<ref name=oster> Ostertag, T.E., and K.M. Robertson. 2007. A comparison of native versus old-field vegetation in upland pinelands managed with frequent fire, South Georgia, USA. Pages 109–120 in R.E. Masters and K.E.M. Galley (eds.). Proceedings of the 23rd Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference: Fire in Grassland and Shrubland Ecosystems.</ref> | + | In the Coastal Plain in Florida and Georgia, ''S. adnatum'' can be found in longleaf pine savannas, pine flatwood communities, annually burned pinelands, slash pine plantations, and open mixed woodlands.<ref name=fsu> Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Robert K. Godfrey, Leon Neel, R. A. Norris, R. Komarek, Kathleen Craddock Burks. States and Counties: Florida: Bay, Leon, Wakulla, Walton. Georgia: Thomas. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.</ref> It is restricted to native groundcover with a statistical affinity in upland pinelands of South Georgia.<ref name=oster> Ostertag, T.E., and K.M. Robertson. 2007. A comparison of native versus old-field vegetation in upland pinelands managed with frequent fire, South Georgia, USA. Pages 109–120 in R.E. Masters and K.E.M. Galley (eds.). Proceedings of the 23rd Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference: Fire in Grassland and Shrubland Ecosystems.</ref> A study exploring longleaf pine patch dynamics found ''S. adnatum'' to be most strongly represented within stands of longleaf pine that are between 90-180 years of age.<ref>Mugnani et al. (2019). “Longleaf Pine Patch Dynamics Influence Ground-Layer Vegetation in Old-Growth Pine Savanna”.</ref> ''S. adnatum'' is frequent and abundant in the Clayhill Longleaf Woodlands community type and is an indicator species for the Panhandle Silty Longleaf Woodlands community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).<ref>Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.</ref> |
| − | ''S. adnatum'' became absent or decreased its occurrence in response to soil disturbance by agriculture in southwest Georgia.<ref name=oster/><ref>Hedman, C.W., S.L. Grace, and S.E. King. (2000). Vegetation composition and structure of southern coastal plain pine forests: an ecological comparison. Forest Ecology and Management 134:233-247.</ref><ref>Kirkman, L.K., K.L. Coffey, R.J. Mitchell, and E.B. Moser. Ground Cover Recovery Patterns and Life-History Traits: Implications for Restoration Obstacles and Opportunities in a Species-Rich Savanna. (2004). Journal of Ecology 92(3):409-421.</ref> | + | Soil types include loamy sand and sand.<ref name=fsu/> ''S. adnatum'' became absent or decreased its occurrence in response to soil disturbance by agriculture in southwest Georgia.<ref name=oster/><ref name=hedman>Hedman, C.W., S.L. Grace, and S.E. King. (2000). Vegetation composition and structure of southern coastal plain pine forests: an ecological comparison. Forest Ecology and Management 134:233-247.</ref><ref name=kirkman>Kirkman, L.K., K.L. Coffey, R.J. Mitchell, and E.B. Moser. Ground Cover Recovery Patterns and Life-History Traits: Implications for Restoration Obstacles and Opportunities in a Species-Rich Savanna. (2004). Journal of Ecology 92(3):409-421.</ref> |
Associated species include ''Euthamia minor, Andropogon virginicus, Eupatorium compositifolium, Gnaphalium obtusifolium, Chamaecrista fasciculata, Chrysopsis mariana, Diodia teres, Sericocarpus tortifolius, Aristida, Ctenium'', and ''Sporobolus''.<ref name=fsu/> | Associated species include ''Euthamia minor, Andropogon virginicus, Eupatorium compositifolium, Gnaphalium obtusifolium, Chamaecrista fasciculata, Chrysopsis mariana, Diodia teres, Sericocarpus tortifolius, Aristida, Ctenium'', and ''Sporobolus''.<ref name=fsu/> | ||
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===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
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This species is thought to be dispersed by wind.<ref>Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.</ref> | This species is thought to be dispersed by wind.<ref>Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.</ref> | ||
<!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | <!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | <!--===Pollination and | + | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> |
| + | Populations of ''Symphyotrichum adnatum'' have been known to persist through repeated annual burns.<ref>Robertson, K.M. Unpublished data collected from Pebble Hill Fire Plots, Pebble Hill Plantation, Thomasville, Georgia.</ref><ref>Platt, W.J., R. Carter, G. Nelson, W. Baker, S. Hermann, J. Kane, L. Anderson, M. Smith, K. Robertson. 2021. Unpublished species list of Wade Tract old-growth longleaf pine savanna, Thomasville, Georgia.</ref> | ||
| + | <!--===Pollination===--> | ||
| + | <!--===Herbivory and toxicology===<!--Common herbivores, granivory, insect hosting, poisonous chemicals, allelopathy, etc--> | ||
<!--===Diseases and parasites===--> | <!--===Diseases and parasites===--> | ||
==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration== | ==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration== | ||
| + | ''S. adnatum'' should avoid soil disturbance by agriculture to conserve its presence in pine communities.<ref name=oster/><ref name=hedman/><ref name=kirkman/> | ||
==Cultural use== | ==Cultural use== | ||
Latest revision as of 13:19, 15 July 2022
| Symphyotrichum adnatum | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo taken by Gil Nelson | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae ⁄ Compositae |
| Genus: | Symphyotrichum |
| Species: | S. adnatum |
| Binomial name | |
| Symphyotrichum adnatum (Nutt.) G.L. Nesom | |
| |
| Natural range of Symphyotrichum adnatum from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common name: Scaleleaf aster
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonym: Aster adnatus Nuttall.[1]
Description
A description of Symphyotrichum adnatum is provided in The Flora of North America.
Distribution
Ecology
Habitat
In the Coastal Plain in Florida and Georgia, S. adnatum can be found in longleaf pine savannas, pine flatwood communities, annually burned pinelands, slash pine plantations, and open mixed woodlands.[2] It is restricted to native groundcover with a statistical affinity in upland pinelands of South Georgia.[3] A study exploring longleaf pine patch dynamics found S. adnatum to be most strongly represented within stands of longleaf pine that are between 90-180 years of age.[4] S. adnatum is frequent and abundant in the Clayhill Longleaf Woodlands community type and is an indicator species for the Panhandle Silty Longleaf Woodlands community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).[5]
Soil types include loamy sand and sand.[2] S. adnatum became absent or decreased its occurrence in response to soil disturbance by agriculture in southwest Georgia.[3][6][7]
Associated species include Euthamia minor, Andropogon virginicus, Eupatorium compositifolium, Gnaphalium obtusifolium, Chamaecrista fasciculata, Chrysopsis mariana, Diodia teres, Sericocarpus tortifolius, Aristida, Ctenium, and Sporobolus.[2]
Phenology
This species has been observed to flower from January to November[8], and fruits November through December.[2]
Seed dispersal
This species is thought to be dispersed by wind.[9]
Fire ecology
Populations of Symphyotrichum adnatum have been known to persist through repeated annual burns.[10][11]
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
S. adnatum should avoid soil disturbance by agriculture to conserve its presence in pine communities.[3][6][7]
Cultural use
Photo Gallery
Symphyotrichum adnatum root Photo by Kevin Robertson
Pebble Hill Plantation
2015
References and notes
- ↑ Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draf of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: July 2015. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Robert K. Godfrey, Leon Neel, R. A. Norris, R. Komarek, Kathleen Craddock Burks. States and Counties: Florida: Bay, Leon, Wakulla, Walton. Georgia: Thomas. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Ostertag, T.E., and K.M. Robertson. 2007. A comparison of native versus old-field vegetation in upland pinelands managed with frequent fire, South Georgia, USA. Pages 109–120 in R.E. Masters and K.E.M. Galley (eds.). Proceedings of the 23rd Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference: Fire in Grassland and Shrubland Ecosystems.
- ↑ Mugnani et al. (2019). “Longleaf Pine Patch Dynamics Influence Ground-Layer Vegetation in Old-Growth Pine Savanna”.
- ↑ Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Hedman, C.W., S.L. Grace, and S.E. King. (2000). Vegetation composition and structure of southern coastal plain pine forests: an ecological comparison. Forest Ecology and Management 134:233-247.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Kirkman, L.K., K.L. Coffey, R.J. Mitchell, and E.B. Moser. Ground Cover Recovery Patterns and Life-History Traits: Implications for Restoration Obstacles and Opportunities in a Species-Rich Savanna. (2004). Journal of Ecology 92(3):409-421.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 19 MAY 2021
- ↑ Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.
- ↑ Robertson, K.M. Unpublished data collected from Pebble Hill Fire Plots, Pebble Hill Plantation, Thomasville, Georgia.
- ↑ Platt, W.J., R. Carter, G. Nelson, W. Baker, S. Hermann, J. Kane, L. Anderson, M. Smith, K. Robertson. 2021. Unpublished species list of Wade Tract old-growth longleaf pine savanna, Thomasville, Georgia.
