Difference between revisions of "Rhynchospora pineticola"
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{{taxobox | {{taxobox | ||
| name = Rhynchospora pineticola | | name = Rhynchospora pineticola | ||
| − | | image = | + | | image = Rhyn_pine.jpg |
| − | | image_caption = | + | | image_caption = Photo and permission granted by George Rogers and John Bradford [http://floridagrasses.org/Index.html Florida Grasses.org] |
| regnum = Plantae | | regnum = Plantae | ||
| divisio = Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants | | divisio = Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants | ||
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
| binomial_authority = C.B. Clarke | | binomial_authority = C.B. Clarke | ||
| range_map = rhyn_pine_dist.jpg | | range_map = rhyn_pine_dist.jpg | ||
| − | | range_map_caption = Natural range of ''Rhynchospora pineticola'' from USDA NRCS [http:// | + | | range_map_caption = Natural range of ''Rhynchospora pineticola'' from USDA NRCS [http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=RHPI5 Plants Database]. |
}} | }} | ||
| + | |||
| + | Common name: Pine barren beaksedge (C.B. Clarke) | ||
| + | ==Taxonomic notes== | ||
| + | Synonym: ''Rhynchospora intermedia'' (Chapman) Britton | ||
| + | |||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | ||
Documentation: Flora of North America, Volume 23 (2002), Bridges and Orzell (2000) | Documentation: Flora of North America, Volume 23 (2002), Bridges and Orzell (2000) | ||
| − | Rhynchospora pineticola C. B. Clarke, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew, Addit. Ser. 8: 40. 1908. | + | ''Rhynchospora pineticola'' C. B. Clarke, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew, Addit. Ser. 8: 40. 1908. |
| − | Phaeocephalum intermedium (Chapman) House; Rhynchospora intermedia (Chapman) Britton 1892, not Beyrich ex Kunth 1835; R. plumosa Elliott var. intermedia Chapman | + | ''Phaeocephalum intermedium'' (Chapman) House; ''Rhynchospora intermedia'' (Chapman) Britton 1892, not Beyrich ex Kunth 1835; ''R. plumosa'' Elliott var. ''intermedia'' Chapman |
Plants perennial, mostly densely cespitose, 20–70 cm, base deep rich red brown; rhizomes absent. Culms erect to ascending, leafy, stiff. Leaves shorter than scape; blades narrowly linear, (1–)2–3 mm wide, margins involute, apex trigonous, tapering. Inflorescences: clusters 1–2, if 2 then close together, dense, broadly turbinate to hemispheric or lobed globose; primary leafy bract linear, stiff, exceeding clusters. Spikelets light to dark red brown, lance ovoid, 3.5–6 mm, apex acuminate; fertile scales ovate, convex, 3–3.5(–4) mm, apex acuminate, low midrib excurrent or not. Flowers: perianth bristles 6, reaching at least to tubercle base, plumose from base to more than 1/2 length of fruit body. Fruits 1(–2) per spikelet, (2–)2.5–2.8(–3) mm; body red brown or brown, tumidly obovoid, (1.5–)2–2.2 × 1–1.7 mm; surfaces interruptedly transversely rugulose; tubercle broadly conic, 0.5–0.8(–1) mm, base broadly 2 lobed, apex often apiculate. | Plants perennial, mostly densely cespitose, 20–70 cm, base deep rich red brown; rhizomes absent. Culms erect to ascending, leafy, stiff. Leaves shorter than scape; blades narrowly linear, (1–)2–3 mm wide, margins involute, apex trigonous, tapering. Inflorescences: clusters 1–2, if 2 then close together, dense, broadly turbinate to hemispheric or lobed globose; primary leafy bract linear, stiff, exceeding clusters. Spikelets light to dark red brown, lance ovoid, 3.5–6 mm, apex acuminate; fertile scales ovate, convex, 3–3.5(–4) mm, apex acuminate, low midrib excurrent or not. Flowers: perianth bristles 6, reaching at least to tubercle base, plumose from base to more than 1/2 length of fruit body. Fruits 1(–2) per spikelet, (2–)2.5–2.8(–3) mm; body red brown or brown, tumidly obovoid, (1.5–)2–2.2 × 1–1.7 mm; surfaces interruptedly transversely rugulose; tubercle broadly conic, 0.5–0.8(–1) mm, base broadly 2 lobed, apex often apiculate. | ||
Fruiting spring–fall or all year. Sands and sandy peat of bog margins, pinelands and pine saw palmetto flats among wiregrass; 0–200 m; Fla.; West Indies (Cuba). | Fruiting spring–fall or all year. Sands and sandy peat of bog margins, pinelands and pine saw palmetto flats among wiregrass; 0–200 m; Fla.; West Indies (Cuba). | ||
| − | Rhynchospora pineticola is distinguished from taller extremes of R. plumosa by its thicker leaves and scapes and its longer spikelets and fruit. Its bases are a deep rich red-brown rather than the pale brown or dull deep brown of R. plumosa. | + | ''Rhynchospora pineticola'' is distinguished from taller extremes of ''R. plumosa'' by its thicker leaves and scapes and its longer spikelets and fruit. Its bases are a deep rich red-brown rather than the pale brown or dull deep brown of ''R. plumosa''. |
from Bridges (1994) - Draft for Flora of Florida: | from Bridges (1994) - Draft for Flora of Florida: | ||
| − | Plants cespitose, forming small clumps. Culms terete, erect and slender, 2.5-6.5 dm tall. Leaf blades 2-3 mm broad, carinate, becoming 3-angled toward the tip, shorter than the culms. Inflorescence a terminal congested fascicle, broadly ovate, 1-2.2 cm wide, with an occasional smaller remote lateral fascicle. Spikelets lance-ovoid, sessile, 4.5-5.5 mm long, 1- to 2-fruited. Stamens 3. Anthers 1.5-2 mm long. Achene rotundly obovoid, 2-2.2 mm long, 1.4-1.7 mm wide, transversely ridged-rugose, brown. Tubercle conical to 0.6 mm high, the base joining the apex of the achene but extending as a shelf at its circumference, lighter than the achene. Bristles 6, equalling to slightly exceeding the tubercle, appressed to the achene at least in the lower part, plumose from the base to near the top where the hairs are replaced by stiff antrorse serrations. | + | Plants cespitose, forming small clumps. Culms terete, erect and slender, 2.5-6.5 dm tall. Leaf blades 2-3 mm broad, carinate, becoming 3-angled toward the tip, shorter than the culms. Inflorescence a terminal congested fascicle, broadly ovate, 1-2.2 cm wide, with an occasional smaller remote lateral fascicle. Spikelets lance-ovoid, sessile, 4.5-5.5 mm long, 1- to 2-fruited. Stamens 3. Anthers 1.5-2 mm long. Achene rotundly obovoid, 2-2.2 mm long, 1.4-1.7 mm wide, transversely ridged-rugose, brown. Tubercle conical to 0.6 mm high, the base joining the apex of the achene but extending as a shelf at its circumference, lighter than the achene. Bristles 6, equalling to slightly exceeding the tubercle, appressed to the achene at least in the lower part, plumose from the base to near the top where the hairs are replaced by stiff antrorse serrations. [[EdwinBridges|Edwin L. Bridges]] |
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | Direct description information of ''Rhynchospora pineticola'' is provided in [http://efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=242357915 The Flora of North America]. | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| Line 39: | Line 47: | ||
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''R. pineticola'' has been found in flatwoods, low sandy ridges, pond margins, coastal dwarf oak scrub, scrub pinelands, slash pine-saw palmetto<ref name="SAT">Angelo State University Herbarium accessed using Southeastern Regional Network of Expertise and Collections (SERNEC) data portal. URL: http://sernecportal.org/portal/collections/index.php Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: Robert Kral and Steve L. Orzell. States and Counties: Florida: Charlotte, Highlands, Okeechobee, and Palm Beach.</ref><ref name="CM"> Carnegie Museum of Natural History Herbarium accessed using Southeastern Regional Network of Expertise and Collections (SERNEC) data portal. URL: http://sernecportal.org/portal/collections/index.php Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: Thorne, R.F. States and Counties: Florida: Pinellas.</ref>, open sand scrub habitats, near wetland depressions, and pine flatwoods.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> It is also found in disturbed areas including burned flatwoods and subdivisions.<ref name="SAT"/><ref name="BRY"> Brigham Young University, S. L. Welsh Herbarium accessed using Southeastern Regional Network of Expertise and Collections (SERNEC) data portal. URL: http://sernecportal.org/portal/collections/index.php Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: Robert K. Godfrey. States and Counties: Florida: Franklin.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Associated species include ''Ceratiola ericoides, Quercus geminata, Serenoa repens, R. fascicularis, R. megalocarpa'' and ''Pinus elliottii.''<ref name="FSU Herbarium">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: October 2014. Collectors: Chris Buddenhagen, Edwin Bridges, Robert K. Godfrey, Robin B. Huck, Michael Jenkins, Harvey A. Miller, Steve Orzell, Cecil R. Slaughter. States and Counties: Florida: Collier, Osceola, Franklin, Polk, Putnam.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
| − | ===Seed dispersal=== | + | Has been observed flowering from August through October.<ref name="FSU Herbarium"/> |
| − | ===Seed bank and germination=== | + | <!--===Seed dispersal===--> |
| − | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | + | <!--===Seed bank and germination===--> |
| − | ===Pollination=== | + | <!--===Fire ecology===--> <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> |
| − | === | + | <!--===Pollination===--> |
| − | ===Diseases and parasites=== | + | <!--===Herbivory and toxicology===<!--Common herbivores, granivory, insect hosting, poisonous chemicals, allelopathy, etc--> |
| − | ==Conservation and | + | <!--===Diseases and parasites===--> |
| − | == | + | |
| + | ==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Cultural use== | ||
==Photo Gallery== | ==Photo Gallery== | ||
| + | <gallery widths=180px> | ||
| + | </gallery> | ||
| + | |||
==References and notes== | ==References and notes== | ||
| + | Bridges, Edwin L. | ||
Latest revision as of 10:21, 15 July 2022
| Rhynchospora pineticola | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo and permission granted by George Rogers and John Bradford Florida Grasses.org | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants |
| Class: | Liliopsida – Monocotyledons |
| Order: | Cyperales |
| Family: | Cyperaceae |
| Genus: | Rhynchospora |
| Species: | R. pineticola |
| Binomial name | |
| Rhynchospora pineticola C.B. Clarke | |
| |
| Natural range of Rhynchospora pineticola from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common name: Pine barren beaksedge (C.B. Clarke)
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonym: Rhynchospora intermedia (Chapman) Britton
Description
Documentation: Flora of North America, Volume 23 (2002), Bridges and Orzell (2000)
Rhynchospora pineticola C. B. Clarke, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew, Addit. Ser. 8: 40. 1908.
Phaeocephalum intermedium (Chapman) House; Rhynchospora intermedia (Chapman) Britton 1892, not Beyrich ex Kunth 1835; R. plumosa Elliott var. intermedia Chapman
Plants perennial, mostly densely cespitose, 20–70 cm, base deep rich red brown; rhizomes absent. Culms erect to ascending, leafy, stiff. Leaves shorter than scape; blades narrowly linear, (1–)2–3 mm wide, margins involute, apex trigonous, tapering. Inflorescences: clusters 1–2, if 2 then close together, dense, broadly turbinate to hemispheric or lobed globose; primary leafy bract linear, stiff, exceeding clusters. Spikelets light to dark red brown, lance ovoid, 3.5–6 mm, apex acuminate; fertile scales ovate, convex, 3–3.5(–4) mm, apex acuminate, low midrib excurrent or not. Flowers: perianth bristles 6, reaching at least to tubercle base, plumose from base to more than 1/2 length of fruit body. Fruits 1(–2) per spikelet, (2–)2.5–2.8(–3) mm; body red brown or brown, tumidly obovoid, (1.5–)2–2.2 × 1–1.7 mm; surfaces interruptedly transversely rugulose; tubercle broadly conic, 0.5–0.8(–1) mm, base broadly 2 lobed, apex often apiculate. Fruiting spring–fall or all year. Sands and sandy peat of bog margins, pinelands and pine saw palmetto flats among wiregrass; 0–200 m; Fla.; West Indies (Cuba).
Rhynchospora pineticola is distinguished from taller extremes of R. plumosa by its thicker leaves and scapes and its longer spikelets and fruit. Its bases are a deep rich red-brown rather than the pale brown or dull deep brown of R. plumosa.
from Bridges (1994) - Draft for Flora of Florida:
Plants cespitose, forming small clumps. Culms terete, erect and slender, 2.5-6.5 dm tall. Leaf blades 2-3 mm broad, carinate, becoming 3-angled toward the tip, shorter than the culms. Inflorescence a terminal congested fascicle, broadly ovate, 1-2.2 cm wide, with an occasional smaller remote lateral fascicle. Spikelets lance-ovoid, sessile, 4.5-5.5 mm long, 1- to 2-fruited. Stamens 3. Anthers 1.5-2 mm long. Achene rotundly obovoid, 2-2.2 mm long, 1.4-1.7 mm wide, transversely ridged-rugose, brown. Tubercle conical to 0.6 mm high, the base joining the apex of the achene but extending as a shelf at its circumference, lighter than the achene. Bristles 6, equalling to slightly exceeding the tubercle, appressed to the achene at least in the lower part, plumose from the base to near the top where the hairs are replaced by stiff antrorse serrations. Edwin L. Bridges
Direct description information of Rhynchospora pineticola is provided in The Flora of North America.
Distribution
Sand pine and low oak scrub, dry sandy scrubby flatwoods, longleaf pine sandhill savannas. All year. Frequent on the sand ridges of the central Florida peninsula, extending south to Collier and Palm Beach counties along the coastal sand ridges, disjunct to Dade County, less frequent northward to Putnam and St. Johns counties in northeast Florida, and northwest along the Big Bend coastal sand ridges to Franklin County. Probably endemic to Florida, with an unverified report from Alabama.
Ecology
Habitat
R. pineticola has been found in flatwoods, low sandy ridges, pond margins, coastal dwarf oak scrub, scrub pinelands, slash pine-saw palmetto[1][2], open sand scrub habitats, near wetland depressions, and pine flatwoods.[3] It is also found in disturbed areas including burned flatwoods and subdivisions.[1][4]
Associated species include Ceratiola ericoides, Quercus geminata, Serenoa repens, R. fascicularis, R. megalocarpa and Pinus elliottii.[3]
Phenology
Has been observed flowering from August through October.[3]
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
Cultural use
Photo Gallery
References and notes
Bridges, Edwin L.
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Angelo State University Herbarium accessed using Southeastern Regional Network of Expertise and Collections (SERNEC) data portal. URL: http://sernecportal.org/portal/collections/index.php Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: Robert Kral and Steve L. Orzell. States and Counties: Florida: Charlotte, Highlands, Okeechobee, and Palm Beach.
- ↑ Carnegie Museum of Natural History Herbarium accessed using Southeastern Regional Network of Expertise and Collections (SERNEC) data portal. URL: http://sernecportal.org/portal/collections/index.php Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: Thorne, R.F. States and Counties: Florida: Pinellas.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: October 2014. Collectors: Chris Buddenhagen, Edwin Bridges, Robert K. Godfrey, Robin B. Huck, Michael Jenkins, Harvey A. Miller, Steve Orzell, Cecil R. Slaughter. States and Counties: Florida: Collier, Osceola, Franklin, Polk, Putnam.
- ↑ Brigham Young University, S. L. Welsh Herbarium accessed using Southeastern Regional Network of Expertise and Collections (SERNEC) data portal. URL: http://sernecportal.org/portal/collections/index.php Last accessed: June 2021. Collectors: Robert K. Godfrey. States and Counties: Florida: Franklin.
