Difference between revisions of "Axonopus furcatus"
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==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | The ''A. furcatus'' is found along the Coastal Plains of Virginia to Florida and west to Texas and Arkansas | + | The ''A. furcatus'' is found along the Coastal Plains of Virginia to Florida and west to Texas and Arkansas<ref name= "USDA Plant Database"/> with disjunct populations in western Cuba.<ref>Sorrie, B. A. and A. S. Weakley 2001. Coastal Plain valcular plant endemics: Phytogeographic patterns. Castanea 66: 50-82.</ref> |
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== | ===Habitat=== | ||
<!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| − | ''A. furcatus'' can be found in maritime forests, sandy forest, bottomlands, calcareous wet meadows and other coastal regions. <ref name= "Weakley"> Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.</ref> It has been found in plant communities including pine, palmetto, and wet prairie. <ref name= "Hilmon"> Hilmon, J. B. (1964). "Plants of the Caloosa Experimental Range " U.S. Forest Service Research Paper SE-12 </ref> Recorded habitats include longleaf pine sandhills with wet depressions, cypress swamps, rich pasture, standing water, deciduous wooded bottoms on sandy levee, ponds, banks of rivers, and wooded floodplains. <ref name = "FSU herbarium"> URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Cecil R Slaughter, Jason R. Swallen, Robert Kral, Sidney McDaniel, Robert K. Godfrey, G. W. Reinert States and counties: Florida (Alachua, Osceola, Collier, Madison, Jackson, Leon, Nassau, Franklin) </ref> ''A. furcatus'' | + | ''A. furcatus'' can be found in maritime forests, sandy forest, bottomlands, calcareous wet meadows and other coastal regions. <ref name= "Weakley"> Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.</ref> It has been found in plant communities including pine, palmetto, and wet prairie. <ref name= "Hilmon"> Hilmon, J. B. (1964). "Plants of the Caloosa Experimental Range " U.S. Forest Service Research Paper SE-12 </ref> Recorded habitats include longleaf pine sandhills with wet depressions, cypress swamps, rich pasture, standing water, deciduous wooded bottoms on sandy levee, ponds, banks of rivers, and wooded floodplains. <ref name = "FSU herbarium"> URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Cecil R Slaughter, Jason R. Swallen, Robert Kral, Sidney McDaniel, Robert K. Godfrey, G. W. Reinert States and counties: Florida (Alachua, Osceola, Collier, Madison, Jackson, Leon, Nassau, Franklin) </ref> ''A. furcatus'' was found to increase its occurrence or be unaffected in response to soil disturbance by roller chopping in South Florida. It has also shown either additional regrowth or no change in growth in reestablished native forests that were disturbed by roller chopping.<ref>Lewis, C.E. (1970). Responses to Chopping and Rock Phosphate on South Florida Ranges. Journal of Range Management 23(4):276-282.</ref> |
''Axonopus furcatus'' is frequent and abundant in the Calcareous Savannas community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).<ref>Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.</ref> | ''Axonopus furcatus'' is frequent and abundant in the Calcareous Savannas community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).<ref>Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.</ref> | ||
| − | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting | + | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> |
This species has been observed to flower in June.<ref name= "Panflora">Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 26 MAR 2019</ref> | This species has been observed to flower in June.<ref name= "Panflora">Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 26 MAR 2019</ref> | ||
| + | |||
<!--===Seed dispersal===--> | <!--===Seed dispersal===--> | ||
<!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | <!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | ||
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===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ||
A study found ''A. furcatus'' to be more abundant in sites that were winter burned and grazed.<ref name= "Boughton">Boughton, E., et al. (2013). "Season of fire and nutrient enrichment affect plant community dynamics in subtropical semi-natural grasslands released from agriculture." Biological Conservation 158: 239-247.</ref> | A study found ''A. furcatus'' to be more abundant in sites that were winter burned and grazed.<ref name= "Boughton">Boughton, E., et al. (2013). "Season of fire and nutrient enrichment affect plant community dynamics in subtropical semi-natural grasslands released from agriculture." Biological Conservation 158: 239-247.</ref> | ||
| − | |||
| − | === | + | <!--===Pollination===--> |
| − | + | ||
| + | ===Herbivory and toxicology===<!--Herbivory, granivory, insect hosting, etc.--> | ||
| + | ''A. furcatus'' is considered to be of fair forage value.<ref name= "Hilmon"/> | ||
| + | |||
<!--==Diseases and parasites==--> | <!--==Diseases and parasites==--> | ||
| − | ==Conservation and | + | ==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration== |
It is listed as endangered and extirpated by the Maryland Department of Natural Resources.<ref name= "USDA Plant Database"/> | It is listed as endangered and extirpated by the Maryland Department of Natural Resources.<ref name= "USDA Plant Database"/> | ||
| − | == | + | ==Cultural use== |
==Photo Gallery== | ==Photo Gallery== | ||
<gallery widths=180px> | <gallery widths=180px> | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
==References and notes== | ==References and notes== | ||
Latest revision as of 14:43, 15 June 2022
Common names: Big Carpetgrass
| Axonopus furcatus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by the Atlas of Florida Plants Database | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Liliopsida - Moncots |
| Order: | Cyperales |
| Family: | Poaceae |
| Genus: | Axonopus |
| Species: | A. furcatus |
| Binomial name | |
| Axonopus furcatus (Fluegge) Hitchcock | |
Contents
Taxonomic Notes
Synonym: Paspalum furcatum (Flügge).[1]
Varieties: none.[1]
Description
A. furcatus is a perennial graminoid of the Poaceae family native to North America. [2]
Distribution
The A. furcatus is found along the Coastal Plains of Virginia to Florida and west to Texas and Arkansas[2] with disjunct populations in western Cuba.[3]
Ecology
Habitat
A. furcatus can be found in maritime forests, sandy forest, bottomlands, calcareous wet meadows and other coastal regions. [4] It has been found in plant communities including pine, palmetto, and wet prairie. [5] Recorded habitats include longleaf pine sandhills with wet depressions, cypress swamps, rich pasture, standing water, deciduous wooded bottoms on sandy levee, ponds, banks of rivers, and wooded floodplains. [6] A. furcatus was found to increase its occurrence or be unaffected in response to soil disturbance by roller chopping in South Florida. It has also shown either additional regrowth or no change in growth in reestablished native forests that were disturbed by roller chopping.[7]
Axonopus furcatus is frequent and abundant in the Calcareous Savannas community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).[8]
Phenology
This species has been observed to flower in June.[9]
Fire ecology
A study found A. furcatus to be more abundant in sites that were winter burned and grazed.[10]
Herbivory and toxicology
A. furcatus is considered to be of fair forage value.[5]
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
It is listed as endangered and extirpated by the Maryland Department of Natural Resources.[2]
Cultural use
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 USDA Plant Database
- ↑ Sorrie, B. A. and A. S. Weakley 2001. Coastal Plain valcular plant endemics: Phytogeographic patterns. Castanea 66: 50-82.
- ↑ Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Hilmon, J. B. (1964). "Plants of the Caloosa Experimental Range " U.S. Forest Service Research Paper SE-12
- ↑ URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: Loran C. Anderson, Cecil R Slaughter, Jason R. Swallen, Robert Kral, Sidney McDaniel, Robert K. Godfrey, G. W. Reinert States and counties: Florida (Alachua, Osceola, Collier, Madison, Jackson, Leon, Nassau, Franklin)
- ↑ Lewis, C.E. (1970). Responses to Chopping and Rock Phosphate on South Florida Ranges. Journal of Range Management 23(4):276-282.
- ↑ Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 26 MAR 2019
- ↑ Boughton, E., et al. (2013). "Season of fire and nutrient enrichment affect plant community dynamics in subtropical semi-natural grasslands released from agriculture." Biological Conservation 158: 239-247.
