|
|
| (3 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| − | {{italic title}}
| |
| − | Common names: Virginia Chain Fern<ref name= "Weakley"> Weakley, A. S. (2015). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Herbarium.</ref>
| |
| − | <!-- Get the taxonomy information from the NRCS Plants database -->
| |
| − | {{taxobox
| |
| − | | name = Anchistea virginica
| |
| − | | image = Anchistea_virginica_AFP.jpg
| |
| − | | image_caption = Photo by the [http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/photo.aspx?ID=2194 Atlas of Florida Plants Database]
| |
| − | | regnum = Plantae
| |
| − | | divisio = Pteridophyta - Ferns
| |
| − | | classis = Filicopsida
| |
| − | | ordo = Polypodiales
| |
| − | | familia = Blechnaceae
| |
| − | | genus = ''Anchistea''
| |
| − | | species = '''''A. virginica'''''
| |
| − | | binomial = ''Anchistea virginica''
| |
| − | | binomial_authority = (L) C. Presl
| |
| − | | range_map = ANCH_VIRG_DIST.JPG
| |
| − | | range_map_caption = Natural range of ''Anchistea virginica'' from USDA NRCS [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=WOVI Plants Database].
| |
| − | }}
| |
| − | ==Taxonomic Notes==
| |
| − | Synonyms: ''Woodwardia virginica'' (Linnaeus) J.E. Smith.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref>
| |
| | | | |
| − | Varieties: none.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref>
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ==Description==
| |
| − | <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. -->
| |
| − | ''Anchistea virginica'' is a perennial fern of the Blechnaceae family native to North America. <ref name="USDAPlantDatabase"/>
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ==Distribution==
| |
| − | ''Anchistea virginica'' is found along the east coast of the United States, reaching as far west as Texas, as well as eastern Canada. <ref name= "USDAPlantDatabase">USDA Plants Database [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=WOVI https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=WOVI]</ref>
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ==Ecology==
| |
| − | ===Habitat===
| |
| − | ''A. virginica'' is commonly found in wetland habitats that include elm and oak populations.
| |
| − | <ref name= "Bartsch">[Bartsch, I. and J. Lawrence (1997). "Leaf Size and Biomass Allocation in Thelypteris dentata, Woodwardia virginica, and Osmunda regalis in Central Florida." American Fern Journal 87(2): 71-76.]</ref> More generally, it can be found in a range of habitats including acidic and organic soils that span from moist to wet in bogs, pocosins, blackwater bottomlands, and occasionally in standing water or periodically flooded depression ponds.<ref name= "Weakley"/>
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ''A. virginica'' has been spotted in post burned areas of Polk County, Florida in association with ''Cladium jamaicense'', and ''Pontederia cordata'' car. ''lanceolata'' under a stand of ''Nyssa biflora''. In a deep muck seepage swamp in northern Highlands County, Florida, ''A. virginica'' has been seen as part of a Sphagnum mat codominated by ''magnolia virginiana, ''gordonia lasianthus'', and ''Osmundastrum cinnamomeum'' as a base landscape for the rare ''Peltandra sagittifolia''. <ref name ="FFE">Observation by Edwin Bridges in Polk County, FL, April 2018 and Highlands county Fl May 8, 2017 posted to Florida Flora and Ecosystematics Facebook Group April 26, 2018 and May 8, 2017. </ref>
| |
| − | <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.-->
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ===Phenology===
| |
| − | As a competitive plant in the canopy of the forest, ''A. virginica'' has developed a high density leaf structure to compete for light sources; higher density of leaves results in a larger amount of biomass litter on the forest floor. <ref name= "Bartsch">[Bartsch, I. and J. Lawrence (1997). "Leaf Size and Biomass Allocation in Thelypteris dentata, Woodwardia virginica, and Osmunda regalis in Central Florida." American Fern Journal 87(2): 71-76.]</ref>
| |
| − | <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ -->
| |
| − | <!--===Seed dispersal===-->
| |
| − | <!--===Seed bank and germination===-->
| |
| − | <!--===Fire ecology===--> <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses-->
| |
| − | <!--===Pollination===-->
| |
| − | <!--===Use by animals===--> <!--Herbivory, granivory, insect hosting, etc.-->
| |
| − | <!--==Diseases and parasites==-->
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ==Conservation and Management==
| |
| − | ''A. virginica'' is not considered a threatened species; however, it is a rare species in the regions it is present. <ref name= "Huskins"> The Vascular Flora of the North Chickamauga Creek Gorge State Natural Area, Tennessee [Huskins, S. D. and J. Shaw (2010). "The Vascular Flora of the North Chickamauga Creek Gorge State Natural Area, Tennessee." Castanea 75(1): 101-125.]</ref> It is listed as exploitably vulnerable in the state of New York, a species of special concern in Tennessee, and listed as threatened in Vermont.<ref name= "USDAPlantDatabase"/>
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ==Cultivation and restoration==
| |
| − | ==Photo Gallery==
| |
| − | <gallery widths=180px>
| |
| − | </gallery>
| |
| − | ==References and notes==
| |
